Item 1A. Risk Factors
Risk Factor Summary
Below is a summary of the principal factors that we believe make an investment in the Company speculative or risky. This summary does not address all of the risks that we face. Additional discussion of the risks summarized in this risk factor summary, and other risks that we face, can be found after this summary, and should be carefully considered, together with other information in this Annual Report and our other filings with the SEC, before making an investment decision.
Risks related to our business and industry
• The success of our business model depends on our ability to source quality secondhand items at attractive prices.
• The sourcing and other logistics of processing secondhand items, especially from local communities, can be subject to fluctuating costs and can have other risks that could negatively impact our business.
• Our growth and performance depend on the efforts of our store and processing center team members and may be negatively affected by the labor market and employee relations.
• Our extensive operations domestically and internationally are subject to global economic conditions, require us to manage different retail and wholesale environments and subject us to exchange rate risks.
• Our ability to grow may be negatively affected by perceptions of thrift, trends in consumer discretionary spending, our operational ability to manage growth and the availability of new store locations.
• Highly disruptive events such as natural disasters, global health crises and pandemics, geo-political events or workplace violence can negatively impact our logistics network and our sales.
• Our success and growth is affected by our operational efficiency, including how successfully we implement our offsite processing strategy, our use of technology, and our ability to manage acquisitions.
• Our reputation and brands may be adversely affected by actions of wholesale customers and our ability to maintain and report on our sustainability commitments.
• Competition in the secondhand market and from sellers of new items may adversely impact our revenue, profitability, market share, and partnerships.
Risks relating to information technology, intellectual property, data security and privacy
• We could be, and have in the past been, subject to cyber-attacks or data breaches, which may cause significant business disruption and require us to incur additional costs and suffer reputational harm.
• Our use and other processing of personal information and data, and our use of certain technology tools, are subject to extensive and evolving laws and regulations in the multiple countries in which we operate.
• We may be unable to adequately protect our intellectual property or be accused of infringing on others’ intellectual property rights and may be required to spend significant resources to defend or enforce our rights.
Risks relating to legal, regulatory, accounting and tax matters
• An actual or alleged failure to comply with the laws, rules and regulations that we are subject to could negatively affect our growth or increase our costs.
• We may incur losses due to the payment methods we accept, including credit cards.
• We may be exposed to a greater risk of litigation or claims as our business grows.
• We are subject to income and other taxes in the United States and in various foreign jurisdictions.
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Risks relating to our indebtedness and liquidity
• We have a significant amount of indebtedness which requires cash to service or repay, the terms of which includes restrictions on our operations.
• Changes in interest rates or the ratings assigned to our debt could increase our debt service obligations or make it more difficult or expensive to obtain additional financing.
Risks related to ownership of our common stock
• Our stock price may be volatile and decline due to factors outside our control, including sales by existing stockholders.
• Any additional issuances of our common stock may dilute our stockholders and affect our stock price.
• The only opportunity to achieve a return on your investment in our Company may be if our stock price appreciates and you sell your shares at a profit.
Risks relating to our organizational structure
• We rely on dividends and distributions from our operating subsidiaries to meet our obligations.
• We are a “controlled company” and majority owned and controlled by certain funds, investment vehicles and accounts managed or advised by the Private Equity Group of Ares Management Corporation (the “Ares Funds”), whose interests may conflict with ours or other stockholders.
• Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may delay or prevent a change of control, and also contain exclusive forum provisions and renounce our interest in certain corporate opportunities.
General risk factors
• We depend on our executive officers and other key employees.
• We may be unable to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting or maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures.
A description of the risks and uncertainties associated with our business is set forth below. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the SEC, including the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes, before making a decision to invest in our common stock. Our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and prospects could also be harmed by risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently do not believe to be material. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and prospects could be harmed, the market price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.
Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry
If we fail to obtain a sufficient quantity of new and recurring quality secondhand items at attractive prices, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.
Our business model is based on sourcing from and selling to the local community so we are dependent on our ability to obtain a sufficient quantity of quality secondhand items at attractive prices from sources in each community in which we operate. The quality and quantity of the supply of our secondhand items are critically important drivers of our sales generated per pound of goods processed, which we internally refer to as “sales yield.” If we are unable to achieve a favorable sales yield with a sufficient quantity of goods obtained at attractive prices, our profitability will suffer.
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Our ability to cost-effectively obtain quality secondhand items is dependent on maintaining strong relationships with our existing NPPs, maintaining and growing OSDs and developing relationships with new NPPs and their donors. Our efforts to appeal to NPPs and their donors, including, among other things, enhancing and improving our Community Donation Centers and timely compensating our NPPs, may not result in a recurring supply of quality secondhand items and these efforts may not be cost-effective individually or in the aggregate. Numerous factors may impede these efforts, including our ability to continue to enhance and improve our Community Donation Centers, provide timely and adequate compensation to NPPs, maintain our reputation, and face competition for secondhand items from other purchasers. We generally do not have long term supply agreements with our NPPs. Our ability to increase OSDs is dependent in large part on how convenient it is for donors to make a donation at one of our stores (which can be related to store location) and the quality of the donors’ donation experience, including the identity and their perception of the NPPs to which they are donating their items. If we are to meet the expectations of our NPPs and their donors and drive repeat donations, the overall supply and quality of the secondhand items we receive could be affected, and we may be required to pay higher prices to our NPPs for secondhand items as a result.
Furthermore, the quality of items we receive (either directly from our NPPs or through OSDs) is critical to our sales yield and profitability, and to our customers’ experience. To the extent the items supplied to us are of low quality or poor condition, fewer of those items may be graded in our processing centers as salable at retail and a greater proportion of items may be sold at lower wholesale prices. Additionally, lower item quality may result in a lower unit retail price and may result in markdowns and other promotions. Furthermore, because many of our customers desire a treasure hunt experience, a decline in the amount of desirable items displayed could have a negative effect on their shopping experience and result in a decline in store visits and purchase volumes, and could also negatively affect our ability to attract new customers.
The failure to pay attractive prices for such items could also negatively impact our sales yield, revenues and profitability and could have a material, adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, economic uncertainties, governmental orders and other similar events or other challenges could negatively impact the ability or desire of NPPs to continue supplying secondhand items on terms or in quantities desirable to us or their donors’ ability or willingness to make OSDs. If we are unable to obtain a sufficient volume of quality secondhand items, our sales revenue from secondhand items would be materially and adversely affected, which would have a material, adverse effect on our business, growth prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
We are subject to various risks to our physical store and processing facility locations, including with respect to the sourcing, processing, storage and other logistics of secondhand items.
The secondhand items we offer are initially sourced through our NPPs either directly or through OSDs at our stores as well as through GreenDrop locations. Beyond the price we pay for secondhand items, we may experience fluctuations in the cost of merchandise sold due to, among other things, increases in labor, transportation and storage costs, which may be driven by market forces outside of our control, such as inflation. Furthermore, our ability to generate revenue and the cost of merchandise sold in each locality may be limited or otherwise affected by each location’s processing and storage capacity. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be negatively impacted by these cost and capacity issues.
We may also receive damaged or dangerous secondhand items, and such items can be damaged during shipping or processing, during storage or otherwise while in our stores. For example, we may experience contamination such as mold, bacteria, insects or other pests, or damage due to water, spills or fire (including arson) or we may receive dangerous secondhand items such as weapons. If we are unable to detect, quarantine and properly deal with dangerous items or contaminants at the time items are initially received or if we are unable to maintain the health and safety of our facilities, our team members could be harmed or some or all of the other secondhand items in such facilities could be contaminated. These events may also cause us to incur additional expenses and our reputation could be harmed. We are also subject to shrinkage of inventory at our stores and facilities, and if we are to control such , our sales yields will be affected.
Additionally, since we offer a unique selection of secondhand items in our stores, our ability to restore such selection after physical damage or a disruption of any of our transportation, storage or processing operations would take time. To the extent any such events also affect our NPPs or their donors, the supply of goods to our stores may decrease, potentially resulting in certain limitations and delays of available supply for customers, which would negatively impact our revenue, financial condition and results of operations.
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While our property insurance covers certain of our inventory and losses, insurance coverage has become more expensive, which has resulted in increased premiums and deductibles. The insurance we do carry may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms and, in any event, may not be adequate to cover all possible losses that our business could suffer. In the event that we suffer a catastrophic loss of any or all of our facilities or the secondhand items in such facilities, our liabilities may exceed the maximum insurance coverage amount, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our business depends on our ability to attract and retain suitable workers for our stores and processing facilities and to manage labor costs, particularly given recent disruptions in the supply and cost of labor.
Our business depends on recruiting, hiring, developing, training and retaining talented key management personnel and team members in hourly full-time and part-time positions for our stores and processing facilities. Historically, our industry has been challenged by high rates of employee turnover, labor shortages and rising wage rates. In particular, retail and warehouse management positions have had historically high turnover rates which can lead to increased training and retention costs. We emphasize promotion from within and therefore must provide significant internal training and development for management personnel and must effectively manage succession planning. If we do not effectively attract or manage the promotion and retention of qualified individuals, our growth could be limited and the successful execution of our business model could be adversely affected.
Our ability to meet our labor needs while controlling labor costs is subject to many external factors, including competition for and availability of qualified personnel, rising unemployment levels, governmental regulatory bodies, wage inflation and prevailing wage rates in the jurisdictions in which we operate (including the heightened possibility of increased applicable minimum wage rules and regulations), health and other insurance costs, changes in employment and labor laws or other workplace regulations (including those relating to employee benefit programs such as health insurance and paid leave programs), our ability to maintain good relations with our team members, employee activism and our reputation and relevance within the labor market.
Over the past few years, we have incurred higher wage rates for our employees and we expect that our labor costs, including wages and employee benefits, will continue to increase. In recent years, inflation has risen worldwide and the U.S. and Canada have experienced historically high levels of inflation. While we have made certain price adjustments to, among other things, address labor costs, there can be no assurance that our revenues will increase at the same rate to maintain the same level of profitability.
If we are unable to attract and retain quality employees and management personnel, or fail to comply with the regulations and laws impacting personnel, our operations, processing efficiency, customer service levels, legal and regulatory compliance and support functions could suffer, resulting in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Both supply of and demand for our products is influenced by general economic conditions, including trends in consumer spending.
Our business and results of operations are subject to global economic conditions, conditions in the markets in which we operate and their impact on consumer discretionary spending, particularly in the retail market. Some of the factors that may negatively influence consumer spending on retail items include high levels of unemployment, high consumer debt levels, a prolonged economic downturn or acute recession, fluctuating interest rates and credit availability, fluctuating fuel and other energy costs, fluctuating commodity prices, other inflationary pressures and general uncertainty regarding the overall future political and economic environment. For example, most Canadian mortgages require multiple term renewals until they are paid in full, and the recent inflationary pressure and elevated interest rates means increased financial pressure on Canadian homeowners that may affect their spending. Furthermore, the macroeconomic environment in Canada remains challenging, with elevated levels of unemployment and a high cost of living that is especially hard on low-income consumers, which may lead to reduced consumer spending and lower sales at our locations throughout Canada. Additionally, economic conditions in particular regions may also be affected by natural , such as earthquakes, hurricanes and wildfires; public health ; political , such as terrorist attacks; war, such as the ongoing Russia-Ukraine and in Venezuela and the Middle East; and other of political or social or other events in the U.S., Canada or internationally. The presence or of government stimulus funding programs has had and may continue to have an impact on consumer discretionary spending and, consequently, purchases at our stores.
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Traditionally, consumer purchases of new retail items have declined and secondhand markets have grown during periods of economic uncertainty, when disposable income is reduced or when there is a reduction in consumer confidence. Nevertheless, we cannot guarantee that our customers will continue to visit our stores and buy our items if economic conditions worsen. On the other hand, economic upswings could increase the rate of new retail purchases in the primary market and slow the rate at which individuals choose to shop in the secondhand market, thereby decreasing our revenue.
Furthermore, fluctuations in economic and other conditions could also negatively impact the rate at which individuals choose to donate their secondhand items to our NPPs. To the extent that donors have lower actual or perceived wealth or economic security, donors may be less willing or able to donate items to our NPPs. A constriction in the supply of secondhand items could increase the price of and/or reduce the quality or quantity of items we purchase for sale in our stores, which would adversely affect our revenues, profitability and sales yields. As a result, general economic and other conditions could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operation and financial condition.
If we fail to manage our growth effectively and execute our business plan, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.
Our growth has placed, and may continue to place, significant demands on our management and our operational and financial resources. Our organizational structure is complex, reflecting our multi-tiered operational, financial and management controls as well as our reporting systems and procedures.
To manage our operations and the significant number of customers, we will need to continue to grow and improve our operational, financial and management controls and our reporting systems and procedures. Our expansion has placed, and our expected future growth will continue to place, a significant strain on our management, people services, marketing, operations, administrative, legal, financial, customer support, information technology, investor relations and other resources. If we fail to manage our anticipated growth in a manner that preserves key aspects of our corporate culture, our employee morale, productivity and retention rates could suffer, which could negatively affect our brands and reputation and harm our ability to grow our business.
In future periods, we may not be able to sustain or increase net sales growth rates consistent with recent history, or at all. We believe our success and revenue growth depends on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, many of the risks discussed in this section.
If we are unable to execute on our strategy while effectively managing our risks, our revenue growth may be harmed. We also expect our operating expenses to increase in future periods, and if our revenue growth does not increase to offset these anticipated increases in our operating expenses, our business, results of operations and financial condition will be harmed, and we may not be able to maintain profitability.
We lease virtually all of our locations and must identify, obtain and retain suitable locations for our stores and processing facilities to achieve our planned growth.
We lease virtually all of our locations. Our business strategy requires us to find appropriate store sites in our targeted market areas, and we compete with other retailers and businesses for many of these locations. Furthermore, the growth of our business depends on our ability to secure additional locations for our CPCs and other offsite processing facilities to serve our stores. We estimate that approximately half of our planned store locations may require processing facilities on-site that necessitate specific size, layout and other physical attributes that may not be available widely in the local area. We must also continue to staff our CPCs with qualified workers because our CPC operations are complex and highly dependent on numerous employees and personnel working as a team. Spaces that meet our physical requirements in well-positioned geographic locations continue to be limited, and lease terms offered by landlords are competitive, particularly in geographic locations with access to the large, qualified talent pools required for us to run our logistics infrastructure. Companies with more financial resources and negotiating leverage than us may be more attractive tenants and, as a result, we may be outbid for the facilities we seek.
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Our store site selection process includes review of impactful demographic information, including regarding potential customers, donors and team members. This information can be a helpful indicator but may not accurately predict consumer preferences, buying or donation trends or workforce availability. Time frames for negotiations and store development vary from location to location and can be subject to unforeseen delays or unexpected cancellations, which could delay openings and have a negative impact on our business and operating results. Furthermore, if we are unable to locate and compete for suitable locations in the future, we may not be able to open new locations or fully realize the expected benefits of existing locations.
We are also subject to certain risks with respect to our le ases. Our store leases are generally for extended terms with a typical initial term of 10 years and existing leases have an average remaining term of approximately 7.63 years as of January 3, 2026 . The majority of our store leases contain provisions for base rent and a small number of our leases also contain provisions for percentage rent based on sales in excess of an agreed upon minimum annual sales level. In addition, certain of our leases may contain restrictions on our ability to terminate, assign or sublease our obligations or may contain obligations to continue operating for certain lengths of time, which could prevent us from closing or relocating certain underperforming locations. If we decide to close locations, we generally are required to continue paying rent and operating expenses for the balance of the lease term. Further, even if we are able to assign or sublease vacated locations, we may remain liable on the lease obligations for the rent differential or if the assignee or sub-lessee does not perform. Accordingly, we are subject to certain risks associated with leasing locations, which can have a material and adverse effect on us.
If we are unable to secure suitable locations in the future, we may experience difficulty in opening new locations at reasonable cost. Due to the competitive nature of the real estate market, we may be unable to renew our existing leases on satisfactory terms or at all. If we are unable to renew, renegotiate or replace our leases or enter into leases for new locations on favorable terms, our growth and profitability could be harmed, which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our continued growth depends on attracting new, and retaining existing, customers, including by increasing the acceptance of thrift among new and growing customer demographics, and effective advertising.
Our ability to attract and retain customers also depends on our ability to offer a broad selection of desirable and quality secondhand items in our stores, our ability to consistently provide high-quality customer experiences and our ability to successfully promote and position our brands and stores. To expand our customer base, we must appeal to and attract customers who do not typically purchase secondhand items or who use other means to purchase secondhand items, such as other consignment and thrift stores or online secondary marketplaces. We reach new customers through paid search, social media, influencers, advertising, other paid marketing, press coverage, retail locations, referral programs, organic word of mouth and other methods of discovery, such as converting our NPPs’ donors to customers. We expect to continue investing in these and other marketing channels but cannot be certain that these efforts will enable us to attract and retain more customers, result in increased store visits or increased basket sizes or be cost-effective. Consequently, failure to attract new customers and to retain existing customers could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our investments in marketing may not effectively reach potential and existing customers, which could negatively affect our results of operations. Moreover, consumer preferences may change, and customers may not purchase through our stores as frequently or spend as much with us as historically has been the case. In addition, our social media presence may expose us to reputational damage if others post negative information concerning our business, our customers, NPPs or their donors, regardless of whether such information is accurate. Any such harm may be immediate and we may not have any opportunities for redress or correction, which could have an adverse effect on our reputation, business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects. Consequently, failure to attract new customers and to retain existing customers could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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We have significant foreign operations, particularly in Canada, that subject us to additional operating risks and certain exchange rate risks, which we may not be able to fully hedge.
As of January 3, 2026, we operated 170 stores in Canada and 18 stores in Australia. Our operations in these non-U.S. jurisdictions require us to understand the retail climate and trends, customs and cultures, seasonal differences, business practices and competitive conditions in those jurisdictions. We are also required to familiarize ourselves with the laws, rules, regulations and government of each of those jurisdictions. Operations in each jurisdiction also require us to develop the appropriate in-country infrastructure, identify suitable partners for local operations and successfully integrate operations in that jurisdiction with our overall operations while effectively communicating and implementing company policies and practices. There are also financial, regulatory and other risks associated with international operations, including currency exchange fluctuations, potentially adverse tax and transfer pricing considerations, limitations on the repatriation and investment of funds outside of the country where earned, tariffs or trade regulations, the risk of sudden policy or regulatory changes, the risk of political, economic and civil instability and labor unrest and uncertainties regarding interpretation, application and enforceability of laws and agreements. Any of these risks could adversely impact our operations, or liquidity.
In addition, our Canadian and Australian operations use a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar. For fiscal 2025, 41.6% of our net sales w ere denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar. We are exposed to currency translation risk because the results of our international businesses in some countries are generally reported in local currency, which we then translate to U.S. dollars we record for our foreign assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and could have a negative effect on our financial results.
Natural disasters, pandemics, geo-political events and other highly disruptive events can have an unpredictable and adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our stores and processing facilities are critical to our operations. Any disruptions to those facilities or our logistics network, headquarters or any properties used by NPPs in connection with the supply of secondhand items to us could disrupt our business and overall operations. Events such as natural disasters or severe or otherwise unusual weather events (including, but not limited to, fires, hurricanes, tornadoes, tsunamis, floods, earthquakes); actual or threatened workplace violence which can include premeditated or spontaneous acts such as terrorism, bomb threats, robbery, assault, active shooters, interpersonal violence, arson and civil unrest that results in protests, rioting and/or looting; disease outbreaks; nuclear accidents; cyberattacks; military activities; labor strikes; and building or construction or could cause physical to or of one or more of our properties and/or inventory, and could further our operations, supply chains or utilities or data and communications systems and cause to our team members and/or customers and us to relating to personal or property . We cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred or that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms or at all.
In addition, events that could limit the ability or desirability for people to shop in person would also heighten certain other risks disclosed in this Annual Report. These effects have in the past and could in the future negatively impact our operations and financial performance, including our revenues and sales yield, including through impacting the amount and quality of donations to our NPPs and our customers’ willingness to shop at our stores. For example, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, our retail stores were closed for a substantial portion of 2020, which resulted in lower retail sales volume and fewer donations made to our NPPs at our CDCs. When locations were reopened, we also experienced operational challenges from personnel absences, decreased foot traffic at our stores, a decrease or volatile patterns in spending on retail in general, and continued diversion of the attention of our management team.
Further, any of the events described herein or other events that cause closures, reductions or delays in operations can slow or temporarily halt our operations and could cause us to incur significant costs to relocate or otherwise re-establish these functions, reduce customer sales or our ability to sell items, or increase our insurance costs. These events could also cause reputational harm, decreased consumer confidence and spending and/or increased volatility in the U.S., Canada and global financial markets and economies. Any of these developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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If we are unable to successfully leverage technology to automate and drive efficiencies, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.
As we continue to enhance automation and add other capabilities, our operations may become increasingly complex. We are increasing our investment in technology, software and systems to support these efforts, but such investments may not increase productivity, maintain or improve the experience for customers or result in more efficient operations. There are also inherent risks associated with the investment in and use of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, and such operational and supporting technologies can be subject to failure, disruption, or unavailability and increased vulnerability to cyberattacks and other cyber incidents. While we have created our own proprietary technology to operate our business, we also rely on technology from third parties, particularly in our CPCs. If we are no longer able to rely on such third parties, we could be required to seek other third-party licenses; redesign aspects of our operations to function without such technologies or services; or develop such technologies ourselves, any of which would result in increased costs and could result in operational .
Labor-related matters, including labor disputes, may adversely affect our operations.
To the extent a significant portion of our employee base would choose to unionize, or attempts to unionize, our labor and other related costs could increase. Our ability to pass along any increased labor or other related costs to our customers is constrained by our everyday low-price model, and we may not be able to adequately offset such increased costs elsewhere in our business . If our employees decide to form or affiliate with a union, we cannot predict the effects such future organizational activities will have on our business and operations. If we were to become subject to work stoppages, we could experience disruption in our operations, including increases in our labor costs, which could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
In addition, we have in the past and could in the future face a variety of employee claims against us, including but not limited to general discrimination, privacy, wage and hour, labor and employment, Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) and disability claims. Any claims could also result in litigation against us or regulatory proceedings being brought against us by various federal and state agencies that regulate our business, including the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Often these cases raise complex factual and legal issues and create risks and uncertainties.
Acquisitions could be difficult to identify, pose integration challenges, divert the attention of management, disrupt our business, dilute stockholder value and adversely affect our results of operations and expansion prospects.
We have in the past and may in the future consider acquisitions of other companies or technologies, but we have limited experience in such transactions. There are limited acquisition targets within our industry and even if we are able to identify a suitable target, we may not be able to complete the acquisition on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Pursuing of potential acquisitions may divert the attention of management and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether or not they are consummated.
If we do complete acquisitions, we may not be able to successfully integrate the acquired operations, systems (including financial, inventory, customer and other systems), team members and facilities into our company, or the time and resources spent on such integration could be greater than expected. In addition, we also may not accurately forecast the financial impact of an acquisition transaction, including accounting charges. Financing such acquisitions may require significant cash, debt (which indebtedness may restrict our business or require the use of available cash to make interest and principal payments) or the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities (which may result in further dilution of our existing stockholders). For example, we spent significant time and resources and incurred a significant amount of debt to finance the November 2021 acquisition of 2nd Ave. and integrate its operations into our business.
As a result, our competitive position may not improve as intended, we may not realize the anticipated benefits from the acquired business or otherwise achieve our goals, and any acquisitions we complete could be viewed negatively by our investors, customers or team members. If we fail to evaluate and execute acquisitions successfully or fail to successfully address any of these risks, our results of operations and expansion prospects may be harmed.
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Disruptions in the wholesale markets due to market conditions, conditions in the countries where our wholesale goods are sold or other factors may adversely affect our business.
Much of the merchandise we purchase from our NPPs is not sold in our stores, but instead is sold into the global wholesale secondhand goods market. We have in the past, and may in the future, experience fluctuations and disruptions in this market. For example, we could experience fluctuations in the demand for or the price of our secondhand goods due to an influx of competing inexpensive textiles; localized or regional events happening in the end markets for these goods, such as natural disasters, civil unrest or economic conditions; or because of changes in laws, rules and regulations in the end markets. If we are unable to sell a sufficient amount of secondhand goods into the wholesale market, our business, our reputation and our revenues, profitability, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
We may not succeed in promoting and maintaining our reputation, and our business could be negatively impacted by a failure, or perceived failure, to live up to our sustainability and corporate citizenship commitments.
We believe that our brands and reputation have significantly contributed to the success of our business, including our ability to attract and maintain relationships with our customers, NPPs and their donors, and our team members. An important goal of our brand promotion strategy is establishing trust with our customers and NPPs and their donors. For customers, maintaining our reputation requires that we foster trust through responsive and effective customer service and a broad supply of desirable brands and secondhand items. For NPPs and their donors, maintaining our brands and reputation requires that we foster convenience with service that is convenient, consistent and timely. Our payments must also be perceived by our NPPs to be adequate compensation for the items they collect. If we fail to maintain these or other elements of our reputation, our revenues and the quantity and quality of goods supplied to us could be materially and adversely affected. As a result, a failure to maintain our reputation could have a material, adverse effect on our business, growth, results of operations and financial condition.
Our business strategy is built around sustainability and the reduction of waste in our local communities and in the textile and other industries through thrift, reuse and repurposing. We also seek to maintain good corporate citizenship and continuously strive for a more inclusive and diverse workplace. Our commitment to such matters may require us to devote additional resources to operational reviews and could increase our expenses, which could reduce profitability. Further, our relationships with our customers, NPPs and their donors may be adversely affected by complaints and negative publicity about us and our merchandise, even if factually incorrect or based on isolated incidents. Negative publicity may be generated around a failure, or a perceived failure, to live up to our commitments, for the scope of our commitments and engagement, for lack of transparency or for reporting about such matters. We also may experience to our brands and reputation if our wholesale customers use or of the items we sell to them.
These and other events or negative publicity could discourage our customers from shopping at our stores, causing our net sales to decrease, and could negatively impact our relationships with our NPPs and their donors, causing the quantity and quality of secondhand goods we receive to decrease (and thus negatively impacting our revenues and sales yields). This may also impact our ability to attract and retain talent.
The market in which we participate is competitive and rapidly changing, and if we do not compete effectively with established companies as well as new market entrants or maintain and develop strategic relationships with NPPs, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.
The markets for resale and secondhand items are highly competitive. We compete with vendors of new and secondhand items, including branded goods stores, local, national and global department stores, consignment and thrift stores (including non-profit operators), specialty retailers, direct-to-consumer, retailers (including fast fashion, value fashion and off-price retailers), independent retail stores, resale players focused on niche or single categories, as well as internet-based secondhand retailers and other technology-enabled marketplaces. We believe the risks described in this Annual Report, many of which are beyond our control, directly affect our ability to compete. Further, our competitive position is affected by the price at which we offer secondhand items; the speed and cost at which we can process and make available secondhand items to our customers; and the selection of items that we provide in stores.
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As our market continues to evolve, we expect new market entrants and for competition to intensify. Established companies may not only develop online platforms or competing lines of business, but also acquire or establish relationships with competitors or our NPPs or their donors or provide meaningful incentives to favor their offerings over our stores. The performance of our competitors as well as changes in their pricing and promotional policies, marketing activities, new location openings, merchandising and operational strategies could negatively impact our ability to compete and to grow our revenue, and our sales and profitability may suffer.
Many of our existing competitors have, and some of our potential competitors could have, substantial competitive advantages such as greater brand name recognition and longer operating histories; larger fulfillment infrastructures; greater technical capabilities; internet-based marketplaces; broader supply; established relationships with a larger existing customer and/or NPP and donor base; better access to merchandise; superior or more desirable secondhand items for sale or resale; perceived pricing advantages due to the disparate application of sales tax to different entities; greater customer service resources; greater financial, marketing, institutional and other resources; greater resources to make acquisitions; lower labor and development costs; larger and more mature intellectual property portfolios; and better access to capital markets than we do. Such competitors with greater financial and operating resources may be to respond more quickly and effectively than we can to new or changing , technologies, standards or customer requirements and derive revenue and profits from their existing customer bases; adopt more aggressive pricing policies to build larger customer or NPP bases; or respond more quickly than we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in consumer shopping behavior. In addition, promotional pricing or other pricing strategies utilized by national retailers and brands that set their own retail prices, as well as the offerings by fast fashion, value fashion and off-price retailers, may affect the relative value of our offerings of secondhand items and we may need to lower our prices in order to compete. This could, as a result, affect our business, revenue, growth, results of operations and financial condition.
Conditions in our market could also change rapidly and significantly as a result of technological advancements (including artificial intelligence and machine learning), partnering by our competitors or continuing market consolidation or strategic changes we or our competitors make in response to macro-economic or other events, and it is uncertain how our market will evolve. These competitive pressures in our market or our failure to compete effectively may result in price reductions, fewer customers and NPPs, reduced revenue, reduced profitability and loss of market share. Any failure to meet and address these factors could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Risks Relating to Information Technology, Intellectual Property, Data Security and Privacy
Compromises of our data security, including cyberattacks or data breaches, could cause us to incur unexpected expenses and may materially harm our reputation and results of operations.
In the ordinary course of our business, we collect, process and store certain personal information and other data, such as customer payment card data processed indirectly through third-party payment processors and employee information. We also maintain other confidential business information such as financial information, operating statistics and metrics, trade secrets and third-party confidential information. Like other large retailers, we rely substantially on commercially available systems, software, tools and monitoring to provide security for our processing, transmission and storage of such information. Cybercriminals may attempt to gain access to our information systems to misappropriate sensitive information or data or to deprive us from access to necessary business information and to disrupt our operations, as part of so-called “ransomware” extortion activity or otherwise. The rise of generative artificial intelligence is allowing criminals to engage in more convincing and scalable social engineering and phishing campaigns by automating personalized messages, mimicking voices and writing styles, and rapidly iterating content to evade detection by email filters and other security tools. We have been in the past and could be in the future the subject of attacks.
Despite security measures we have in place, and our efforts to prevent, monitor, and mitigate attacks and errors, our facilities, systems and confidential information may be vulnerable to attacks. The techniques used by cybercriminals change frequently, cybercriminals are increasingly sophisticated, and we continue to see advances in computer capabilities and remote access by employees. We expect to incur ongoing costs associated with the detection and prevention of security incidents and may incur additional costs in the event of a breach.
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In addition, cyberattacks that impact companies through a critical third-party service provider or elsewhere in the supply chain are increasingly prevalent. Because we make extensive use of third-party suppliers and service providers, successful cyberattacks that disrupt or result in unauthorized access to third-party IT systems can materially impact our operations and financial results. Cybersecurity risk has also increased as a result of remote and hybrid working dynamics that present additional opportunities for threat actors to engage in social engineering and to exploit vulnerabilities in non-corporate networks used by many of our employees and critical third-party providers. Moreover, any integration of artificial intelligence in our or our third-party providers’ operations, products or services is expected to pose new or unknown cybersecurity risks and challenges.
We have established governance procedures to oversee cybersecurity and privacy risks, including management-led programs and periodic reporting to the board of directors and the audit committee. These procedures may include risk assessments, incident response planning, training for employees, third-party risk management, and independent testing or audits; however, no program can eliminate risk, and we may still experience incidents or compliance failures.
Any actual or perceived compromise of our systems or data security measures or those of third parties with whom we do business, or any failure to prevent or mitigate the loss of confidential information and delays in detecting or providing notice of any such loss could disrupt our operations, damage our reputation, impact our sales and subject us to litigation, government action, increased transaction fees, regulatory fines or penalties or other additional costs and liabilities that could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition, as well as the trading price of our stock.
Furthermore, our insurance coverage may not be adequate for related losses and may not continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all. An insurer may also deny coverage as to a future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could harm our business, results of operations, financial condition and reputation.
Our use and other processing of personal information and other data is subject to extensive and evolving laws and regulations. Changes in such laws or regulations or any actual or perceived compliance failures could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We collect, maintain and otherwise process significant amounts of personal information and other data relating to our customers, employees and other individuals. We are subject to the terms of our privacy policies and notices and may be bound by contractual requirements applicable to our collection, use, processing, security and disclosure of personal information, and may be bound by or alleged to be subject to, or voluntarily comply with, self-regulatory or other industry standards relating to these matters. Additionally, numerous state, provincial, and federal laws, rules and regulations of the countries where we operate govern the collection, use and protection of this information. Such requirements are constantly evolving, and we expect that there will continue to be new proposed requirements relating to privacy, data protection and information security in the U.S., Canada and Australia, or changes in the interpretation of existing privacy requirements.
In the United States we must comply with privacy requirements at the federal level, including the FTC Act, the CAN-SPAM Act, and the Telephone Consumer Protection Act and many U.S. states have enacted privacy laws that could apply to our business. Together, these laws require us to provide notice and transparency to our customers, obtain customer consent for certain marketing activities, restrict automated decision-making, limit our use and retention of customers’ data, and respond to privacy rights requests. Many more states are considering laws of their own. We have significant operations in Canada and Australia, and must also comply with data privacy laws in those jurisdictions. For example, in Canada, our collection, use, disclosure and management of personal information must comply with both federal and provincial privacy laws. These laws include stringent personal information protection requirements, data use limitations, obligations to report data breaches and conduct impact assessments, and financial penalties for non-compliance. We may incur additional costs and expenses related to compliance with these laws. We are also subject to Canada’s anti-spam legislation when sending commercial electronic messages and can be held liable for . To the extent our operations further expand internationally, we may become subject to additional laws and regulations relating to privacy and data protection.
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As a result of the international nature of our business, we may transfer, access, and store personal information and other data across borders among the United States, Canada, and Australia, and we may also do so with service providers located in other jurisdictions. Cross-border transfers are subject to varying legal requirements and restrictions, and evolving governmental rules may limit, condition, or require additional safeguards for such transfers. In the United States, new rules governing certain “bulk” outbound transfers of U.S. persons’ sensitive data to foreign jurisdictions are emerging and may impose screening, contractual controls, or prohibitions on particular categories of transfers, or cause us to limit the service providers with which we work. These developments, and any changes to Canadian or Australian cross-border requirements, could increase operational complexity, require changes to our practices, or limit data uses, and may result in investigations, enforcement actions, or penalties if we fail to comply.
Any failure or perceived failure by us or any third parties with which we do business to comply with these privacy requirements, with our posted privacy policies or with other similar obligations may result in investigations or governmental enforcement actions, private claims, public statements against us by consumer advocacy groups or others and fines, penalties or other liabilities. For example, California consumers whose information has been subject to a security incident may bring civil suits under the CCPA for statutory damages between $100 and $750 per consumer. Any such action would be expensive to defend, likely would damage our reputation and market position, could result in substantial liability and could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, our efforts to comply with these laws may impose significant costs and that are likely to increase over time, and we cannot fully predict the impact on our business or operations of certain unclear aspects of recent laws, future requirements, or changes in the interpretation of existing requirements.
Our use of artificial intelligence tools and changes to related laws or regulations could adversely affect our business.
We are exploring the incorporation of artificial intelligence and machine learning into our operations. The regulatory environment surrounding these technologies is rapidly evolving and varies significantly across the jurisdictions in which we operate, including the United States, Canada, and Australia. New or changing laws—such as those addressing algorithmic bias, data transparency, or automated decision-making—could increase our compliance costs, limit our ability to leverage these technologies, or cause us to incur other significant legal or reputational risks.
We may be unable to protect our intellectual property rights, and we may be accused of infringing on the intellectual property or other proprietary rights of third parties.
We rely on a combination of intellectual property rights, contractual protections and other practices to protect our brands, proprietary information, technologies and processes. Our trademarks are valuable assets that support our brands and customers’ perception of our services and merchandise. We primarily rely on copyright and trade secret laws and exclusive licenses-in to protect our proprietary technologies and processes, including the automated operations systems and machine learning technology we use. Although we enter into confidentiality and/or invention assignment agreements with our employees, consultants and other parties with whom we have strategic relationships, no assurance can be given that these agreements will be effective. Further, these agreements do not prevent our competitors from independently developing similar technologies. To monitor and protect our intellectual property rights, we may be required to spend significant resources, and we may not be able to detect infringement by third parties. Litigation may be necessary but could be costly, time consuming and distracting to management and could result in the or of portions of our intellectual property. Furthermore, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights. Additionally, if we are to protect our trademarks or domain names, our brand recognition and reputation would , we would incur significant expense establishing new brands and our results of operations would be impacted.
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We have been in the past and may be accused in the future of infringing intellectual property or other proprietary rights of third parties, such as infringement of a state trademark or violating the right of publicity. For example, although we prohibit our employees from using the proprietary information of others, we may become subject to a claim that an employee has divulged or used the proprietary information of a former employer. In addition, our employees or third parties acting at our direction may knowingly or inadvertently make use of social media in ways that could lead to the loss or infringement of intellectual property, as well as the public disclosure of proprietary, confidential or sensitive personal information of our business, employees, customers or others. Supporting any litigation or disputes related to these claims can be expensive and , and we cannot provide assurances that we will a outcome. If any such claim is valid, we may be compelled to our use of such intellectual property or other proprietary rights and pay , which could affect our business and results of operations.
We rely on software, technology and services from other parties. Defects in or the loss of access to software or services from third parties could increase our costs and adversely affect the quality of our products.
We rely on software, technologies and services sourced or licensed from third parties to operate critical functions of our business, including payment processing services, point of sale systems, ERP system, certain aspects of CPC automation and customer and employee relationship and management services. We also use services such as Microsoft for our business emails, file storage and internal communications. If any of the third-party software or services we utilize, or the functional equivalents thereof, were unavailable due to outages or interruptions or because they are no longer available on commercially reasonable terms, our business could experience significant operational disruptions. In each case, we may be required to expend significant resources to remediate such outages; develop such software ourselves; or seek similar software licenses or services from other parties and reshape our business and operations to function with such new software or services. These alternatives could require a significant capital investment, take an extended period of time to implement, and divert management’s attention from our other business concerns, which could affect our business and results of operations.
Risks Relating to Legal, Regulatory, Accounting and Tax Matters
Changes in Canadian, Australian or U.S. national or local regulations, including those relating or applicable to the sale of secondhand items and advertising practices, or our actual or alleged failure to comply with such regulations, may have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business and financial condition could be adversely affected by unfavorable changes in or interpretations of existing laws, rules and regulations or the promulgation of new laws, rules and regulations applicable to us and our business, including those relating to consumer protection, anti-corruption, antitrust and competition, economic and trade sanctions, tax, banking, environmental protection, waste management, workplace safety, sustainability, data security, network and information systems security, and data protection and privacy. For example, we are subject to laws in the State of California that require certain entities doing business in California to disclose Scope 1, 2 and 3 greenhouse gas emissions and that may, pending a current federal court stay of enforcement, require posting a climate-related financial risk report. Additionally, the U.S. and Canadian governments may impose measures which may have adverse effects on our business. If we were to further expand domestically or internationally, we could be subject to additional regulation.
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Further, the resale of secondhand items is subject to significant regulation both domestically and internationally, including by state, provincial or other local governments and regulatory authorities, and can include jurisdiction-specific licensing requirements for secondhand dealers. For example, the resale of secondhand items is subject to regulation by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and under the Canadian Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act, and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora with respect to our Australian operations. Examples of regulated items include those with certain animal product components (ivory, fur, snakeskin, etc.), jewelry, aquatic toys, children’s items, and hazardous or dangerous items. Regulation can, in some jurisdictions, also require mandatory reporting and/or carry serious penalties for non-compliance. The laws and regulations for the resale of secondhand goods are complex, vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and change often. As of January 3, 2026 , we received our supply of secondhand items in approximatel y 30 U.S. states, 10 Canadian provinces and 3 Australian states or territories. Changes in these regulations, or our growth into a new location, could require us to change the way we conduct business in the applicable jurisdictions, such as prohibiting or otherwise restricting the sale or shipment of certain items in some locations. of our employees to identify prohibited items and remove them from the sale process could lead to of regulations, , or other us, resulting in increased expenses and costs.
Additionally, supplied secondhand items could be subject to recalls and other remedial actions and product safety, labeling and licensing concerns may cause us to voluntarily remove certain secondhand items from our stores. Such recalls or voluntary removal of items can result in, among other things, lost sales, diverted resources, potential harm to our reputation and increased customer service costs and legal expenses, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. Some of the secondhand items sold at our stores may expose us to product liability claims and litigation or regulatory action relating to personal injury, environmental or property damage. We cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred or that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms or at all.
If our practices were found not to comply with applicable regulatory or licensing requirements or any binding interpretation of such requirements, regulatory authorities could prevent or temporarily suspend us from conducting some or all of our activities or otherwise penalize us. Unfavorable changes or interpretations could decrease demand for our merchandise, limit marketing methods and capabilities, affect our growth, increase costs or subject us to additional liabilities.
Moreover, in connection with our marketing and advertisement practices, we have been in the past and may in the future be, the target of claims relating to false or deceptive advertising, including under the auspices of the FTC and the consumer protection statutes of some states. Additionally, the laws and regulations governing the use of social media, emails, push notifications and text messages for marketing and other business purposes continues to evolve. The failure by us, our employees or third parties acting at our direction to comply with these laws and regulations may negatively affect our brands and reputation, adversely impact our relationships with our NPPs and subject us to penalties and fines.
Our failure to address risks associated with payment methods, credit card fraud and other consumer fraud, or our failure to control any such fraud, could damage our reputation and brands and could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We have in the past incurred and may in the future incur losses from various types of fraudulent transactions, including the use of stolen credit card numbers, and claims that a customer did not authorize a purchase. In addition, as part of the payment processing process, our customers’ credit and debit card information is transmitted to our third-party payment processors, and we may in the future become subject to lawsuits or other proceedings for purportedly fraudulent transactions arising out of the actual or alleged theft of our customers’ credit or debit card information if the security of our third-party credit card payment processors is breached.
We and our third-party credit card payment processors are also subject to payment card association operating rules, certification requirements and rules governing electronic funds transfers, which could change or be reinterpreted to make it difficult or impossible for us to comply. If we or our third-party credit card payment processors fail to comply with these rules or requirements, we may be subject to fines and higher transaction fees and lose our ability to accept credit and debit card payments from our customers. Further, we could violate or be alleged to have violated applicable laws, regulations, contractual obligations or other obligations, including those relating to privacy, data protection and data security.
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Any of these could damage our reputation and market position, result in claims, litigation or regulatory investigations and proceedings or lead to expenses that could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We and our directors and executive officers may be subject to litigation for a variety of claims, which could harm our reputation and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
In the ordinary course of business, we have in the past and may in the future be involved in and subject to litigation for a variety of claims or disputes and receive regulatory inquiries. These claims, lawsuits and proceedings could include labor and employment, wage and hour, commercial, premises liability, consumer protection, regulatory, antitrust, alleged securities law violations or other investor claims, intellectual property infringement and other matters. The number and significance of these potential claims and disputes may increase as our business expands. Further, our general liability insurance may not cover all potential claims made against us or be sufficient to indemnify us for all liability that may be imposed. Any claim against us, regardless of its merit, could be , management’s attention and operational resources, and our reputation.
Our directors and executive officers may also be subject to litigation. We indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, which may discourage derivative litigation and stockholder fiduciary duty lawsuits, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. Further, a stockholder’s investment may be harmed to the extent that we pay the costs of litigation and resolution against our directors and executive officers as required by our indemnification obligations. Our insurance policies may not cover all potential claims made against our directors and executive officers, may not be available to us in the future at a reasonable rate and may not be adequate to indemnify us for all costs and liability that may be imposed. As litigation is inherently unpredictable, we cannot you that any potential or will not our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Subjective estimates and judgments used by management in the preparation of our financial statements, including estimates and judgments that may be required by new or changed accounting standards, may impact our financial condition and results of operations.
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses. Due to the inherent uncertainty in making estimates, results reported in future periods may be affected by changes in estimates reflected in our financial statements for earlier periods. Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. From time to time, there may be changes in the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of our financial statements. These changes can materially impact how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations. In some instances, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retrospectively. If the estimates and judgments we use in preparing our financial statements are subsequently found to be incorrect or if we are required to restate prior financial statements, our financial condition or results of operations could be significantly affected.
We are subject to income and other taxes in the United States and in various foreign jurisdictions.
Changes in tax laws in any of the multiple jurisdictions in which we operate, or adverse outcomes from tax audits that we may be subject to in any of the jurisdictions in which we operate, could result in an unfavorable change in our effective tax rate, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and operating results. Developments in tax policy or trade relations could also have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and liquidity. The laws and regulations related to tax matters are extremely complex, require significant judgment and are subject to varying interpretations. Although management believes our positions are reasonable, they are subject to challenge by the Internal Revenue Service in the United States and by tax authorities in other jurisdictions in which we conduct business operations, which could have an adverse impact on our tax liabilities.
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We are subject to various anti-corruption and export laws and regulations, violations of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to various anti-corruption laws, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act that generally prohibits companies and their intermediaries from engaging in bribery or making other improper payments. Our business operations also must be conducted in compliance with applicable export control and economic sanctions laws and regulations, including rules administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, the U.S. Department of State, the U.S. Department of Commerce, the United Nations Security Council, and other relevant authorities.
Violations of anti-corruption or trade control laws and regulations, or even allegations of such violations, could result in civil or criminal penalties, as well as disrupt our business, operations, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot guarantee that we have or will continue to be in full compliance with these rules, and our further growth or international expansion, or changes to the applicable laws and regulations, could increase our future legal exposure and compliance-related costs.
Risks Relating to Our Indebtedness and Liquidity
The amount of our indebtedness and its rating could materially adversely affect our financial condition.
We have a significant amount of indebte dness. On September 18, 2025, certain subsidiaries of the Company entered into a new credit agreement (the “2025 Credit Agreement”), which provides for a $750 million term loan facility (the “2025 Term Loan Facility”) and a $180 million revolving credit facility (the “2025 Revolving Credit Facility” and, together with the 2025 Term Loan Facility, the “2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). Evergreen AcqCo 1 LP and Value Village Canada Inc. are co-borrowers under the 2025 Credit Agreement, and most of the Company’s U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries are guarantors . The proceeds of the 2025 Term Loan Facility were used, in part, to redeem the remaining aggregate principal amount of the 9.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 (the “Notes”) and repay all outstanding amounts under our prior credit agreement, which was entered into on April 26, 2021. As of January 3, 2026, our total indebtedness outstanding was $730.0 million.
As of January 3, 2026, we had no advances on the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility, there were $0.9 million of letters of credit outstanding and $179.1 million was available to borrow.
Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences to the holders of our common stock, including the following:
• making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our other debt;
• limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate requirements;
• requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows to debt service payments instead of other purposes, thereby reducing the amount of cash flows available for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes;
• increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
• exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates as certain of our borrowings, including borrowings under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities, are at variable rates of interest;
• limiting our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in the industry in which we compete;
• placing us at a disadvantage compared to other, less leveraged competitors; and
• increasing our cost of borrowing.
In addition, the 2025 Credit Agreement contains restrictive covenants that limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long term best interest. Our failure to comply with those covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of the debt under the 2025 Credit Agreement. Our debt currently has a non-investment grade rating, which could be lowered or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency. Any future lowering of our ratings likely would make it more difficult or more expensive for us to obtain additional debt financing. In the event we needed to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before the maturity thereof or acquire additional financing, we may not be able to do so on commercially reasonable terms or at all, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.
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We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness or repay such indebtedness when due and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful.
Our ability to make scheduled payments on or refinance our debt obligations depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which are subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to financial, business, legislative, regulatory and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. We cannot be sure that our business will generate sufficient cash flows from operating activities, or that future borrowings will be available, to permit us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness.
We may be able to incur significant additional indebtedness, or other obligations that do not constitute indebtedness, in the future. Although the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of significant qualifications and exceptions. The 2025 Credit Agreement permits us to incur incremental loans in an amount up to the greater of $313.3 million and 100% of EBITDA for the most recent four fiscal quarters, plus certain other amounts, with additional incremental loans available if certain leverage ratios are maintained. Of the total incremental capacity, an amount equal to the greater of $313.3 million and 100% of EBITDA for the most recent four fiscal quarters is available for increases in the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility. All of those borrowings may be secured by first-priority liens on certain of our property. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we could face substantial liquidity problems and could be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures or to dispose of material assets or operations, seek additional debt or equity capital or or refinance our indebtedness. We may not be to implement any such alternative measures, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms or at all and, even if , those alternative actions may not allow us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. The 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities restrict our ability to of assets and use the proceeds from those dispositions and may also restrict our ability to raise debt or equity capital to be used to repay other indebtedness when it becomes due. We may not be to consummate those dispositions or to obtain proceeds in an amount sufficient to meet any debt service obligations then due. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
The 2025 Term Loan Facility will mature in September 2032 and the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility will mature in September 2030. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flows to satisfy our debt obligations, or to refinance our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. If we cannot make scheduled payments and default on our debt, the lenders under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities could terminate their loan commitments, the lenders and the holders of the Notes could foreclose against the assets securing their debt, and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. In addition, we maintain domestic cash deposit balances with Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insured banks that may exceed the FDIC insurance limits. These balances could be impacted if one or more of these banks fails or is subject to other conditions in the financial or credit markets. In the event one or more of our balances are impacted, our ability to our debt
obligations may be materially adversely affected. Any of these events could result in you losing all or a portion of your investment in the common stock.
The terms of the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities restrict our current and future operations, including our ability to respond to changes or to take certain actions.
The 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain a number of restrictive covenants that impose operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions may limit our ability to engage in acts that may be in our long-term best interest, compete effectively or take advantage of opportunities, and may affect our ability to grow in accordance with our strategy.
The restrictive covenants under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities include restrictions on our ability to:
• incur additional indebtedness and guarantee indebtedness;
• pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase or redeem our capital stock;
• prepay, redeem or repurchase junior debt;
• issue certain preferred stock or similar equity securities;
• make loans and investments;
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• sell assets or property, except in certain circumstances;
• create or incur liens;
• enter into transactions with affiliates;
• modify or waive certain material agreements in a manner that is adverse in any material respect to the lenders; and
• make fundamental changes in our business, corporate structure or capital structure, including, among other things, entering into mergers, acquisitions, consolidations and other business combinations.
A breach of the restrictions under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities could result in a default or an event of default. Such a default may allow the creditors to accelerate the related debt and may result in the acceleration of any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. In addition, an event of default under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities would permit the lenders under the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility to terminate all commitments to extend further credit under such facility. Furthermore, if we were unable to repay the amounts due and payable under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities, the lenders under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness. In exacerbated or prolonged circumstances, one or more of these events could result in our bankruptcy or .
A future increase in interest rates may increase our borrowing costs. We rely on available borrowings under the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility for liquidity.
Borrowings under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities are at variable rates of interest and expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates increase in the future, our debt service obligations on the variable rate indebtedness would increase even though the amount borrowed has remained the same, and our net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our indebtedness, would correspondingly decrease. Based on amounts outstanding as of January 3, 2026, e ach 100 basis point change in interest rates would result i n a $7.3 million change in annual interest expense on our indebtedness under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk—Interest Rate Risk.” We enter into interest rate swaps that hedge against changes in interest rates under the 2025 Senior Secured Credit Facilities. However, we may not maintain interest rate swaps with respect to all of our variable rate indebtedness, and any swaps or other instruments we enter into may not fully mitigate our interest rate risk.
In addition to cash we generate from our business, our principal existing source of liquidity is borrowings available under the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility. As of January 3, 2026, there were no advances on the 2025 Revolving Credit facility, there were $0.9 million of letters of credit outstanding and $179.1 million was available to borrow. The inability to borrow under the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility may adversely affect our liquidity, financial position and results of operations.
Risks Relating to Ownership of Our Common Stock
The stock price of our common stock may be volatile or may decline regardless of our operating performance.
The market price of our common stock has been volatile and may fluctuate or decline significantly in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:
• actual or anticipated fluctuations in our revenues or other operating results;
• variations between our actual operating results and the expectations of securities analysts, investors and the financial community;
• any forward-looking financial or operating information we may provide to the public or securities analysts, any changes in this information or our failure to meet expectations based on this information;
• actions of securities analysts who initiate or maintain coverage of us, changes in financial estimates by any securities analysts who follow us or our failure to meet these estimates or the expectations of investors;
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• limited “public float” (due in part to our status as a controlled company) in the hands of a small number of persons whose sales or lack of sales could result in positive or negative pricing pressure on the market price for our common stock;
• additional shares of common stock being sold into the market by us or our existing stockholders, or the anticipation of such sales, including if existing stockholders sell shares into the market;
• announcements by us or our competitors of significant products or features, innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, capital commitments, divestitures or other dispositions;
• loss of relationships with significant suppliers or customers;
• changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of companies in our industry, including our competitors;
• difficulties in integrating any new acquisitions we may make;
• loss of services from members of management or employees or difficulty in recruiting additional employees;
• worsening of economic conditions in the U.S. or Canada and reduction in demand for our products;
• price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market, including as a result of general economic trends;
• the existence of the share repurchase program and any repurchases made or not made under such program, or the modification, suspension or termination of the program;
• lawsuits threatened or filed against us, or events that negatively impact our reputation; and
• developments in new legislation and pending lawsuits or regulatory actions, including interim or final rulings by judicial or regulatory bodies.
In addition, extreme price and volume fluctuations in the stock markets have affected and continue to affect the stock prices of many companies. Often, their stock prices have fluctuated in ways unrelated or disproportionate to their operating performance. In the past, stockholders have filed securities class action litigation against companies following periods of market volatility. Such securities litigation, if instituted against us, could subject us to substantial costs, divert resources and the attention of management from our business and seriously harm our business.
We currently do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock, our indebtedness could limit our ability to pay dividends on our common stock and we cannot guarantee that our share repurchase program will be fully consummated or that it will enhance long-term stockholder value.
We currently do not anticipate paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. In addition, the terms of our indebtedness limit our ability to pay dividends or make other distributions on or to repurchase or redeem shares of our capital stock. Consequently, your only opportunity to achieve a return on your investment in our company may be if the market price of our common stock appreciates and you sell your shares at a profit. There is no guarantee that the price of our common stock will ever exceed the price that you pay.
In addition, we announced on October 30, 2025 the authorization of a share repurchase program of up to $50.0 million of the Company’s common stock. Under the program, Savers may purchase shares from time to time in compliance with applicable securities laws, that may include Securities Act Rule 10b-18 and Securities Act Rule 10b5-1. As of January 3, 2026, we had $41.7 million remaining under the share repurchase program. The program is currently set to expire on November 8, 2027. Although our Board of Directors has authorized the share repurchase program, we are not obligated to repurchase any specific dollar amount or to acquire any specific number of shares under the program. In addition, the share repurchase program may be suspended, modified, or terminated at any time without prior notice, which may result in a decrease in the price of our common stock. The amount, timing, and execution of our share repurchase program will be based upon a variety of factors, including the share price of our common stock, general market conditions, alternative uses for capital, our financial performance, and other considerations. Any repurchases will be funded by available cash and cash equivalents. Even if the share repurchase program is fully implemented, it may not enhance long-term stockholder value, and the program could affect the price of our common stock, increase volatility, further limit our “public float” and our cash reserves.
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Future issuances or sales of our common stock could cause our stock price to decline, result in significant dilution to our stockholders or dilute the voting power of our common stock.
Future issuances of our common stock could result in dilution to existing holders of our common stock. Such issuances, or the perception that such issuances may occur, could depress the market price of our common stock. We may issue additional equity securities from time to time, including equity securities that could have rights senior to those of our common stock. As a result, holders of shares of common stock bear the risk that future issuances of equity securities may reduce the value of their shares and dilute their ownership interests. Also, to the extent outstanding stock-based awards are issued or become vested, there will be further dilution to the holders of our common stock.
In addition, the Ares Funds, a term we use to describe certain funds, investment vehicles or accounts managed or advised by the Private Equity Group of Ares Management Corporation (who own a majority of our common stock), have demand and “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to our common stock, which give them the right to require us to file registration statements for public resale of their common stock or to include such shares in registration statements that we may file for us or other stockholders. If the Ares Funds or other stockholders, including employees, who have or obtain equity, sell or indicate an intention to sell, substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, the trading price of our common stock could decline.
Risks Relating to Our Organizational Structure
We rely on dividends, distributions and other payments from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations.
We are a holding company that does not conduct any business operations of our own. As a result, we are dependent upon cash distributions and other transfers from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations. Each of our subsidiaries is a distinct legal entity, and under certain circumstances legal and contractual restrictions may limit our ability to obtain cash from them. The deterioration of the earnings from, or other available assets of, our subsidiaries for any reason could impair their ability to make distributions to us.
The Ares Funds continue to control our Company, including having the right to designate nominees for election to our board of directors, and may have interests that conflict with our interests and those of other stockholders.
The Ares Funds beneficially owned 75.6% of our common stock as of January 3, 2026. Pursuant to the Stockholders Agreement between the Ares Funds and the Company, dated as of July 3, 2023 (the “Stockholders Agreement”), for so long as the Ares Funds hold 5% or more of our outstanding common stock, they have the right to designate a certain number of individuals to be included in the slate of nominees for election to our board of directors and to designate a member of each committee of the board of directors. Further, for so long as the Ares Funds own 40% or more of our outstanding common stock, the Ares Funds can designate at least a majority of our board of directors. Additionally, because our board of directors is divided into three staggered classes, the Ares Funds may be able to influence or control our affairs and policies for a period of time after such rights expire, while their nominees finish their terms as members of our board.
In addition, the Stockholders Agreement provides that, for so long as the Ares Funds own at least 30% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, certain significant corporate actions will require the prior written consent of the Ares Funds, subject to certain exceptions. These actions include, subject to certain exceptions:
• merging or consolidating with or into any other entity, or transferring all or substantially all of our assets, taken as a whole, to another entity, or undertaking any transaction that would constitute a “Change of Control” as defined in our debt agreements;
• acquiring or disposing of assets, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, or entering into joint ventures, in each case with a value in excess of $50.0 million;
• incurring indebtedness in a single transaction or a series of related transactions in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $100.0 million;
• issuing our or our subsidiaries’ equity other than pursuant to an equity compensation plan approved by our stockholders or a majority of the directors designated by the Ares Funds;
• appointing and removing our chief executive officer;
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• entering into any transactions, agreements, arrangements or payments with any other person who owns greater than or equal to 10% of our common stock then outstanding that are material or involve aggregate payments or receipts in excess of $500,000;
• amending, modifying or waiving any provision of our organizational documents in a manner that adversely affects the Ares Funds;
• commencing any liquidation, dissolution or voluntary bankruptcy, administration, recapitalization or reorganization;
• increasing or decreasing the size of our board of directors; and
• entering into any agreement to do any of the foregoing.
The interests of the Ares Funds could conflict with or differ from our interests or the interests of our other stockholders. For example, the concentration of ownership held by the Ares Funds could delay, defer or prevent a change in control of our company or impede a merger, takeover or other business combination which may otherwise be favorable for us. Additionally, the Ares Funds are in the business of making investments in companies and may, from time to time, acquire and hold interests in or provide advice to businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us, or are suppliers or customers of ours. Any such investment may increase the potential for the conflicts of interest discussed in this risk factor.
For so long as the Ares Funds continue to own 40% or more of our common stock, the Ares Funds will have the power to elect a majority of our directors and will have effective control over the outcome of votes on all matters requiring approval by our board of directors or our stockholders regardless of whether other stockholders believe such matter is in our best interests. Even if such amount is less than 40%, the Ares Funds will continue to be able to substantially influence or effectively control our ability to enter into corporate transactions.
Our status as a “Controlled Company” within the meaning of the NYSE rules exempts us from certain corporate governance requirements.
As a result of the Ares Funds’ control of a majority of the voting power of our outstanding voting stock, we are a controlled company within the meaning of the NYSE corporate governance standards. Under the NYSE rules, a controlled company may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirements that:
• a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors;
• the nominating, governance and sustainability committee be composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and
• the compensation committee be composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities.
We may utilize these exemptions as long as we remain a controlled company. As a result, we may not have a majority of independent directors; our nominating, governance and sustainability committee and compensation committee may not consist entirely of independent directors or be required to ratify other independence obligations. Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.
Certain provisions in our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws may delay or prevent a change of control.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could depress the trading price of our common stock by acting to discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company or changes in our management that our stockholders may deem advantageous. In particular, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws:
• establish a classified board of directors so that not all members are elected at one time;
• permit our board of directors to establish the number of directors and fill any vacancies (including vacancies resulting from an expansion in the size of our board of directors), except in the case of the vacancy of an Ares Funds-designated director (in which case the Ares Funds will be able to fill the vacancy);
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• establish limitations on the removal of directors;
• authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that our board of directors could use to implement a stockholder rights plan;
• provide that our board of directors is expressly authorized to make, alter or repeal our bylaws;
• restrict the forum for certain litigation against us to Delaware;
• provide that stockholders may not act by written consent following the time when the Ares Funds cease to beneficially own at least a majority of the shares of our outstanding common stock, which time we refer to as the Trigger Date, which would require stockholder action to be taken at an annual or special meeting of our stockholders;
• prohibit stockholders from calling special meetings following the Trigger Date, which would delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or to take action, including with respect to the removal of directors; and
• establish advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at annual stockholder meetings, which may discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us.
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder, generally a person, individually or together with any other interested stockholder, who owns or within the last three years has owned 15% of our voting stock, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. We have elected to opt out of Section 203 of the DGCL. While our certificate of incorporation contains a provision that is of similar effect, it exempts from its scope the Ares Funds, any of their affiliates and certain of their respective direct or indirect transferees.
Any provision of our certificate of incorporation, our bylaws or Delaware law that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of common stock and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our common stock. The impact of these provisions may be intensified by other obligations, such as those found in our Stockholders Agreement, as discussed elsewhere in these risk factors.
Our certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for certain litigation that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.
Our certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for the following types of actions or proceedings under Delaware statutory or common law:
• any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf;
• any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty;
• any action asserting a claim against us arising under the DGCL, our certificate of incorporation or our bylaws; and
• any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal-affairs doctrine.
This provision would not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the U.S. federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of, and consented to, the exclusive-forum provisions in our certificate of incorporation.
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The exclusive-forum provision also provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the U.S. will be the exclusive forum for any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. However, this provision is subject to final adjudication regarding its enforceability, the outcome of which is substantially uncertain. For example, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware has determined that a provision stating that federal district courts are the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act is not enforceable. This decision may be reviewed and ultimately overturned by the Delaware Supreme Court. If a court were to find any of the exclusive-forum provisions in our certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions, which could seriously harm our business.
These exclusive-forum provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and employees, although our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Our certificate of incorporation contains a provision renouncing our interest and expectancy in certain corporate opportunities.
Under our certificate of incorporation, neither the Ares Funds nor any of their affiliates or their respective portfolio companies or affiliated funds, nor any of their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, stockholders, members or partners will have any duty to refrain from engaging, directly or indirectly, in the same business activities, similar business activities, or lines of business in which we operate. In addition, our certificate of incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, no officer or director of ours who is also an officer, director, employee, agent, stockholder, member, partner or affiliate of the Ares Funds or their affiliates will be liable to us or our stockholders for breach of any fiduciary duty by reason of the fact that any such individual directs, or communicates information regarding, a corporate opportunity to the Ares Funds or their affiliates, instead of to us. For example, a director of our company who also serves as an officer, director, employee, agent, stockholder, member, partner or affiliate of the Ares Funds or their affiliates, or any of their respective portfolio companies or affiliated or managed funds, investment vehicles or accounts, may pursue the acquisition of a business that our company would also have been interested in purchasing. These potential conflicts of interest could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects if corporate are allocated by an Ares Fund to itself or to the Ares Funds’ affiliates or their respective portfolio companies or affiliated or managed funds, investment vehicles or accounts instead of to us.
General Risk Factors
We depend on our executive officers and other key technical, operational and sales employees, and the loss of one or more of these employees or an inability to attract and retain other highly skilled employees could harm our business.
Our success depends largely upon the continued services of our executive officers and other key technical, operational and sales employees. From time to time, there may be changes in our executive management team resulting from the hiring or departure of executives, which could disrupt our business. Our employment agreements with our executive officers or other key personnel do not require them to continue to work for us for any specified period and, therefore, they could terminate their employment with us at any time. The loss of one or more of our executive officers, especially our Chief Executive Officer, or other executive officers or key technical, operational and sales employees could harm our business.
Volatility or lack of appreciation in the stock price of our common stock may also affect our ability to attract and retain our executive officers and key technical, operational and sales employees. Many of our senior personnel and other key technical, operational and sales employees have become, or will soon become, vested in a substantial amount of stock or stock options. Employees may be more likely to leave us if the shares they own or the shares underlying their vested options have significantly appreciated in value relative to the original purchase price of the shares or the exercise price of the options, or conversely, if the exercise price of the options that they hold are significantly above the market price of our common stock. If we do not maintain and continue to develop our corporate culture as we grow and evolve, it could harm our ability to foster the innovation, craftsmanship, teamwork, curiosity and diversity that we believe we need to support our continued growth.
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In addition, developments in labor regulations could also harm our business. Increasingly common regulatory and legal restrictions on the enforceability or terms of employee non-solicitation, confidentiality, non-competition and similar restrictive covenant clauses may disrupt our process for attracting and retaining qualified employees.
We may be unable to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting and produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations.
As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and, the rules and regulations and the listing standards of the NYSE.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we will file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. We are also continuing to improve our internal control over financial reporting. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we have expended, and anticipate that we will continue to expend, significant resources, including accounting-related costs and significant management oversight.
We previously identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and have completed remediation activities to address those identified material weaknesses. We may discover weaknesses in our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting in the future. Any failure to maintain effective controls could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting also could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could cause in our ability to comply with public company reporting requirements (including under the Exchange Act or stock exchange rules) and could also cause investors to confidence in our reported financial and other information, which could have a effect on the trading price of our common stock. In addition, if we are to continue to meet these requirements, we may not be to remain listed on the NYSE.
