NAOV Nanovibronix, Inc. - 10-K

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Before investing in our securities, you should carefully consider the following risks, together with the financial and other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10–K for the year ended December 31, 2025, and our other periodic filings with the SEC. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of may become important factors that affect us. If any of the following events occur, our business, financial conditions and operating results may be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our common stock may decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

Summary of Risk Factors

Below is a summary of the principal factors that make an investment in our common stock speculative or risky. This summary does not address all of the risks that we face. Additional discussion of the risks summarized in this risk factor summary, and other risks that we face, can be found below under the heading “Risk Factors” and should be carefully considered, together with other information in this Form 10-K and our other filings with the SEC, before making an investment decision regarding our securities.

Risks Related to NanoVibronix’s Business

We have a history of losses, and we expect to continue to incur losses and may not achieve or maintain profitability.

If we are unable to raise additional capital, our clinical trials and product development will be limited and our long-term viability will be threatened; however, if we do raise additional capital, your percentage ownership as a stockholder could decrease and constraints could be placed on the operations of our business.

If we fail to obtain an adequate level of reimbursement for our approved products by third party payers, there may be no commercially viable markets for our approved products or the markets may be much smaller than expected.

We face the risk of product liability claims and may not be able to obtain insurance.

Our product candidates may not be developed or commercialized successfully.

Our need to increase the size of our organization in order to successfully manage our growth.

Our failure to protect our intellectual property rights could diminish the value of our solutions, weaken our competitive position and reduce our revenue.

Our financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, and do not include adjustments that might be necessary if we are unable to continue as a going concern. Management has substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Our business and operations would suffer in the event of computer system failures, cyber-attacks or deficiencies in our cyber-security.

Risks Related to the Regulation of NanoVibronix’s Products

We are subject to extensive governmental regulation, including the requirement of U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval or clearance before our product candidates may be marketed and after approval or clearance and during the marketing of our products.

UroShield has not been cleared or approved by the FDA, nor has it undergone the same type of review as an FDA-approved or cleared device.

Failure to obtain regulatory approval in foreign jurisdictions will prevent us from marketing our products abroad.

We are uncertain regarding the success of our clinical trials for our products in development.

Healthcare reform measures could adversely affect our business and financial results.

Risks Related to NanoVibronix’s Operations in Israel

We conduct our operations in Israel and therefore our results may be adversely affected by political, economic and military instability in Israel and its region.

Because a certain portion of our expenses is incurred in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, our results of operations may be harmed by currency fluctuations and inflation.

Risks Related to ENvue’s Organization and Securities

The price of our securities may be volatile, and the market price of our securities may drop below the price you pay.

We have a significant number of warrants and options, and future sales of our common stock upon exercise of these options or warrants, or the perception that future sales may occur, may cause the market price of our common stock to decline, even if our business is doing well.

Although our shares of common stock are listed on Nasdaq, we currently have a limited trading volume, which results in higher price volatility for, and reduced liquidity of, our common stock.

If we fail to comply with the continued listing requirements of Nasdaq, our common stock may be delisted and the price of our common stock and our ability to access the capital markets could be negatively impacted.

If we fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

Risks Related to ENvue ’ s Financial Condition, Business and Operations

The financial statement footnotes of the Company include disclosure regarding the substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern.

We conduct certain of our operations in Israel. Conditions in Israel, including the October 2023 attack by Hamas and other terrorist organizations from the Gaza Strip and Israel’s war against them, may affect our operations.

The impact of planned changes in the Israeli Judicial System on capital raising in the high-tech sector is difficult to predict.

Risks Related to the ENvue System

If we are not successful in enhancing awareness of our ENvue System, driving adoption across our current target population and expanding the population of eligible patients, our sales, business, financial condition and results of operations will be negatively affected.

Our commercial success and revenues will depend on the future adoption of the ENvue System into patient work streams in facilities and other healthcare settings. If we are unable to successfully drive interest in our ENvue System, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be harmed.

We may be unable to compete successfully with competitive technologies, which could harm our sales, business, financial condition and results of operations.

Use of our ENvue System requires appropriate training and inadequate training may lead to negative clinician experiences, which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Future sales of our ENvue System may depend on providers’ and patients’ ability to obtain reimbursement from third-party payors, such as insurance carriers.

Risks Related to ENvue Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Matters

Complying with regulations enforced by the FDA and other regulatory authorities is expensive and time consuming, and failure to comply could result in substantial penalties.

We may not receive the necessary authorizations to market future versions, if any, of our ENvue System or any future new product candidates, and any failure to timely do so may adversely affect our ability to grow our business.

Certain modifications to our products may require new 510(k) clearance or other marketing authorizations.

Risks Related to ENvue ’ s Intellectual Property

Our success depends in part on our proprietary technology, and if we are unable to successfully enforce our intellectual property rights, our competitive position may be harmed.

If we infringe or violate the patents or proprietary rights of other parties or are subject to an intellectual property infringement or misappropriation claim, our ability to grow our business may be severely limited.

Risks Related to Our Business

We have a history of recurring losses and our financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, and do not include adjustments that might be necessary if we are unable to continue as a going concern. If we are unable to raise capital when needed, we could be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate any product development programs or commercialization efforts.

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, we had a net loss of approximately $18.2 million and $3.7 million, respectively, with revenues of approximately $2.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, and 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $90.5 million and $69.8 million, respectively. We expect to incur losses for at least the next year, as we continue to incur expenses related to seeking additional U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) clearances for PainShield, and market acceptance of PainShield, which may require costly additional clinical trials and research, further product development and professional fees associated with regulatory compliance.

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. During the year ended December 31, 2025, our cash used in operations was $9.4 million leaving a cash balance of $4.2 million as of December 31, 2025. Because we do not have sufficient resources to fund our operations for the next twelve months from the date of this filing, management has substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, we have incurred additional short-term debt related to the Merger. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of asset amounts or the classification of liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

We will need to raise additional capital to finance our losses, debt obligations, and negative cash flows from operations and may continue to be dependent on additional capital raising as long as our products do not reach commercial profitability. There are no assurances that we would be able to raise additional capital on terms favorable to it. If we are unsuccessful in commercializing our products and raising capital, we will need to reduce activities, curtail, or cease operations. Even if we succeed in commercializing our new products, we may not be able to generate sufficient revenues to cover our expenses and achieve profitability or be able to maintain profitability.

The intended benefits of the Merger may not be realized.

The Merger poses risks for our ongoing operations, including, among others:

changes in the business operations, strategies and focus of the combined company following the Merger may not result in an improvement in the value of our common stock.;

costs and expenses associated with any undisclosed or potential liabilities; and

unforeseen difficulties may arise in integrating ENvue Holdings’ business in the combined company.

Our NanoVibronix business differs from that of ENvue Holdings in important respects and, accordingly, the results of operations of the combined company and the market price of our common stock following the Merger may be affected by factors different from those affecting our results of operations prior to the Merger. Market prices for securities of life sciences and medical technology companies in particular have historically been particularly volatile and have shown extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. Broad market and industry factors, as well as general economic, political and market conditions such as recessions or interest rate changes, may seriously affect the market price of the combined company’s common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. See “Risks Related to Our Organization and Securities - The price of our securities may be volatile, and the market price of our securities may drop below the price you pay.”

In the past, following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market prices of particular companies’ securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. Litigation of this type, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources. Any adverse determination in any such litigation or any amounts paid to settle any such actual or threatened litigation could require that the combined company make significant payments.

As a result of the foregoing, we may be unable to realize the full strategic and financial benefits previously anticipated from the Merger, and we cannot assure you that the Merger will be accretive to us in the near term or at all. Failure to realize such benefits from the Merger, will result in our pre-Merger stockholders having experienced substantial dilution of their ownership interests in the Company without receiving any commensurate benefit, or only receiving part of the commensurate benefit to the extent we are able to realize only part of the strategic and financial benefits currently anticipated from the Merger.

We may be required to take write-downs or write-offs, restructuring and impairment or other charges that could have a significant negative effect on our financial condition, results of operations and stock price.

Although we have conducted due diligence on ENvue Holdings, there can be no assurances that our diligence revealed all material issues that may be present in ENvue Holdings’ business, that all material issues through a customary amount of due diligence will be uncovered, or that factors outside of our control will not later arise. As a result, we may be forced to later write-down or write-off assets, restructure operations, or incur impairment or other charges that could result in losses. Even if due diligence successfully identifies certain risks, unexpected risks may arise, and previously known risks may materialize in a manner not consistent with our preliminary risk analysis. Even though these charges may be non-cash items and may not have an immediate impact on liquidity, the fact that we report charges of this nature could contribute to negative market perceptions about us or our securities. In addition, charges of this nature may make future financing difficult to obtain on favorable terms or at all.

Global economic and political instability and conflicts, such as the conflicts in Venezuela, between Russia and Ukraine or in the Middle East, could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our business could be adversely affected by unstable economic and political conditions within the United States and foreign jurisdictions and geopolitical conflicts, such as the conflicts in Venezuela, between Russia and Ukraine or in the Middle East. While we do not have any customer or direct supplier relationships in impacted areas at this time, the current military conflict, and related sanctions, as well as export controls or actions that may be initiated by nations including the United States, the European Union or Russia (e.g., potential cyberattacks, disruption of energy flows, etc.) and other potential uncertainties could adversely affect our business and/or our supply chain, business partners, employees or customers, and interrupt our ability to supply products, or otherwise adversely impact our business.

Our operations and financial performance depend on global and regional economic conditions. Inflation, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, changes in consumer confidence and demand, and weakness in general economic conditions and threats, or actual recessions, could materially affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Macroeconomic conditions impact consumer confidence and discretionary spending, which could adversely affect demand for any products we bring to market. Consumer spending habits are affected by, among other things, inflation, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, weakness in general economic conditions, threats or actual recessions, pandemics, wars and military actions, levels of employment, wages, debt obligations, discretionary income, interest rates, volatility in capital, and consumer confidence and perceptions of current and future economic conditions. Changes and uncertainty can, among other things, drive GPOs, hospitals, nursing homes and other customers towards other options in the marketplace that may cost less than our products. The recent declines in, or uncertain economic outlooks for, the U.S., European and certain other international economies has and may continue to adversely affect consumer and healthcare practice spending. The increase in the cost of fuel and energy, food and other essential items along with elevated interest rates could reduce consumers’ disposable income, resulting in less discretionary spending for products like ours. Decreases in disposable income and discretionary spending or change in consumer confidence and spending habits may adversely affect our revenues and operating results.

While we have not taken on financial obligations from banking institutions and the impact of rising interest rates (in Israel and globally) on our financing expenses and income has not been significant, inflation continues to adversely impact spending and trade activities worldwide and we are unable to predict the impacts of higher inflation on global and regional economies. Higher inflation has also increased domestic and international shipping costs, raw material prices, and labor rates, which could adversely impact the costs of producing, procuring and shipping any products we bring to market. If similar trends continue our ability to recover these cost increases through price increases may have limited effectiveness, resulting in downward pressure on our operating results. Attempts to offset cost increases with price increases could reduce sales, increase customer dissatisfaction or otherwise harm our reputation. Further, we are unable to predict the impact of efforts by central banks and federal, state and local governments to combat elevated levels of inflation. If their efforts to reduce inflation are too aggressive, they may lead to a recession. Alternatively, if they are insufficient or are not sustained long enough to lower inflation to more acceptable levels, consumer spending may be adversely impacted for a prolonged period of time. Any of these events could materially affect our business and operating results.

If we are unable to raise additional capital, our clinical trials and product development will be limited and our long-term viability will be threatened; however, if we do raise additional capital, your percentage ownership as a stockholder could decrease and constraints could be placed on the operations of our business.

We have experienced negative operating cash flows since our inception and have funded our operations primarily from proceeds of the sale of our securities, with only limited revenue being generated from our product sales. In order to fully realize our business objectives, we may need to raise additional capital. We will seek to raise such additional funds through equity or debt financings, or strategic alliances with third parties, either alone or in combination with equity financings. These financings could result in substantial dilution to the holders of our common stock, or require contractual or other restrictions on our operations or on alternatives that may be available to us. If we raise additional funds by issuing debt securities, these debt securities could impose significant restrictions on our operations through the imposition of restrictive covenants and requiring us to pledge assets in order to secure repayment. In addition, if we raise funds through the sale of equity, we may issue equity securities with rights superior to our common stock, including voting rights, rights to proceeds upon our liquidation or sale, rights to dividends and rights to appoint board members. There can be no assurance that we will be able to complete a required financing on acceptable terms or at all. If such financing is not available on satisfactory terms, or is not available in sufficient amounts, we may be required to delay, limit or eliminate the development of business opportunities. The failure to procure such required financing could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, or threaten our ability to continue as a going concern.

A variety of factors could impact the timing and amount of any required financings, including, without limitation:

unforeseen developments during our clinical trials;

delays in our receipt of required regulatory approvals;

delayed market acceptance of our products;

unanticipated expenditures in our acquisition and defense of intellectual property rights, and/or the loss of those rights;

the failure to develop strategic alliances for the marketing of some of our product candidates;

unforeseen changes in healthcare reimbursement for any of our approved products;

lack of financial resources to adequately support our operations;

difficulties in maintaining commercial scale manufacturing capacity and capability;

unanticipated difficulties in operating in international markets;

unanticipated financial resources needed to respond to technological changes and increased competition;

unforeseen problems in attracting and retaining qualified personnel;

enactment of new legislation or administrative regulations;

the application to our business of new regulatory interpretations;

claims that might be brought in excess of our insurance coverage;

the failure to comply with regulatory guidelines;

the uncertainty in industry demand; and

the delisting of our common stock from Nasdaq.

Any required financing efforts may divert our management from their day-to-day activities, which may adversely affect its ability to develop and commercialize our products. Moreover, if we complete additional financing by issuing equity securities, the percentage ownership of its existing stockholders may be reduced, and accordingly these stockholders may experience substantial dilution. Given our need for cash and that equity issuances are the most common type of fundraising for similarly situated companies, the risk of dilution is particularly significant for our stockholders.

In addition, although we have no present commitments or understandings to do so, we may seek to expand our operations and product lines through acquisitions or joint ventures. Any acquisition or joint venture would likely increase our capital requirements.

If we fail to obtain an adequate level of reimbursement for our approved products by third party payers, there may be no commercially viable markets for our approved products or the markets may be much smaller than expected.

The availability and levels of reimbursement by governmental and other third-party payers affect the market for our commercial products. The efficacy, safety, performance and cost-effectiveness of our product and product candidates, and of any competing products, will determine the availability and level of reimbursement. Reimbursement and healthcare payment systems vary significantly by country, and include both government sponsored healthcare and private insurance. To obtain reimbursement or pricing approval in some countries, we may be required to produce clinical data, which may involve one or more clinical trials, that compares the cost-effectiveness of our approved products to other available therapies. We may not obtain reimbursement or pricing approvals in markets we seek to enter in a timely manner, if at all. Our failure to receive reimbursement or pricing approvals in target markets would negatively impact market acceptance of our products in these jurisdictions, placing us at a material cost disadvantage to our competitors.

Even if we obtain reimbursement approvals for our products, we believe that, in the future, reimbursement for any of our products or product candidates may be subject to increased restrictions both in the United States and in international markets. Future legislation, regulation or policies of third-party payers that limit reimbursement may adversely affect the demand for our products currently under development and our ability to sell our products on a profitable basis. In addition, third party payers continually attempt to contain or reduce the costs of healthcare by challenging the prices charged for healthcare products and services.

In the United States, specifically, health care providers, such as hospitals and clinics, and individual patients, generally rely on third-party payers. Third-party reimbursement is dependent upon decisions by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, contracted Medicare carriers or intermediaries, individual managed care organizations, private insurers, other governmental health programs and other payers of health care costs. Failure to receive or maintain favorable coding, coverage and reimbursement determinations for our products by these organizations could discourage medical practitioners from using or prescribing our products due to their costs. In addition, with recent federal and state government initiatives directed at lowering the total cost of health care, the U.S. Congress and state legislatures will likely continue to focus on health care reform including the reform of the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and on the cost of medical products and services, which could limit reimbursement. Additionally, third-party payers are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services, and imposing conditions on payment. We may be unable to sell our products on a profitable basis if third-party payers deny coverage, provide low reimbursement rates or reduce their current levels of reimbursement.

The medical device and therapeutic product industries are highly competitive and subject to rapid technological change. If our competitors are able to develop and market products that are safer and more effective than any products we may develop, our commercial opportunities will be reduced or eliminated.

Our success depends, in part, upon our ability to maintain a competitive position in the development of technologies and products. We face competition from established medical device companies, such as (i) with respect to our NanoVibronix business, Neurometrix Inc., Zetrox (a subsidiary of the 3M Company), Smith & Nephew plc, manufacturers of certain portable ultrasound devices capable of self-administered use and (ii) with respect to ENvue Holdings business, Cardinal Health and Avanos Medical, as well as from academic institutions, government agencies, and private and public research institutions in the United States and abroad. Most, if not all, of our principal competitors have significantly greater financial resources and expertise than we do in research and development, manufacturing, pre-clinical testing, conducting clinical trials, obtaining regulatory approvals, marketing approved products, protecting and defending their intellectual property rights and designing around the intellectual property rights of others. Other small or early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements, or mergers with, or acquisitions by, large and established companies, or through the development of novel products and technologies.

The industry in which we operate has undergone, and we expect it to continue to undergo, rapid and significant technological change, and we expect competition to intensify as technological advances are made. Our competitors may be able to respond to changes in technology or the marketplace faster than us. Our competitors may develop and commercialize medical devices that are safer or more effective or are less expensive than any products that we may develop. We also compete with our competitors in recruiting and retaining qualified scientific and management personnel, in establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials, and in acquiring technologies complementary to our programs or advantageous to our business. Given our small size and lack of resources, we are often at a disadvantage with our competitors in all of these areas, which could limit or eliminate our commercial opportunities.

We face the risk of product liability claims and may not be able to obtain insurance.

Our business exposes us to the risk of product liability claims that are inherent in the development of medical devices and products. If the use of one or more of our products harms people, we may be subject to costly and damaging product liability claims brought against us by clinical trial participants, consumers, health care providers, pharmaceutical companies or others selling our products. We currently carry clinical trial and product liability insurance for the products we sell. However, we cannot predict all of the possible harms or side effects that may result and, therefore, the amount of insurance coverage we hold may not be adequate to cover all liabilities we might incur. We intend to expand our insurance coverage to include the sale of additional commercial products as we obtain marketing approval for our product candidates in development and as our sales expand, but we may be unable to obtain commercially reasonable product liability insurance for such products. If we are unable to obtain insurance at an acceptable cost or otherwise protect against potential product liability claims and we continue to make sales, or if our coverages turns out to be insufficient, we may be exposed to significant liabilities, which may materially and adversely affect our business and financial position. If we are sued for any injury allegedly caused by our products and do not have sufficient insurance coverage, our liability could exceed our total assets and our ability to pay the liability. A product liability claim or series of claims brought against us would decrease our cash and could reduce our value or marketability.

Our products may not be developed or commercialized successfully.

Our products are based on technologies that have not been used previously in the manner we propose and must compete with more established treatments currently accepted as the standards of care. Market acceptance of our products will largely depend on our ability to demonstrate their relative safety, efficacy, cost-effectiveness and ease of use.

We are subject to the risks that:

the FDA or a foreign regulatory authority finds our products ineffective or unsafe;

we do not receive necessary regulatory approvals;

the regulatory review and approval process may take much longer than anticipated, requiring additional time, effort and expense to respond to regulatory comments and/or directives;

we are unable to get our products in commercial quantities at reasonable costs; and

the patient and physician community does not accept our products.

In addition, our product development program may be curtailed, redirected, eliminated or delayed at any time for many reasons, including:

adverse or ambiguous results;

undesirable side effects that delay or extend the trials;

the inability to locate, recruit, qualify and retain a sufficient number of clinical investigators or patients for our trials; and

regulatory delays or other regulatory actions.

Additionally, we currently have limited experience in marketing or selling our products, and we have a limited marketing and sales staff and distribution capabilities. Developing a marketing and sales force is time-consuming and will involve the investment of significant amounts of financial and management resources, and could delay the launch of new products or expansion of existing product sales. In addition, we compete with many companies that currently have extensive and well-funded marketing and sales operations. If we fail to establish successful marketing and sales capabilities or fail to enter into successful marketing arrangements with third parties, our ability to generate revenues will suffer.

Furthermore, even if we enter into marketing and distributing arrangements with third parties, we may have limited or no control over the sales, marketing and distribution activities of these third parties, and these third parties may not be successful or effective in selling and marketing our products. If we fail to create successful and effective marketing and distribution channels, our ability to generate revenue and achieve our anticipated growth could be adversely affected. If these distributors experience financial or other difficulties, sales of our products could be reduced, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed.

We cannot predict whether we will successfully develop and commercialize our products. If we fail to do so, we will not be able to generate substantial revenues, if any.

We are highly dependent on our senior management team and key personnel, and our business could be harmed if we are unable to attract and retain personnel necessary for our success.

We are highly dependent on our senior management and key personnel. Our success will depend on our ability to retain senior management and to attract and retain qualified personnel in the future, including sales and marketing professionals, engineers, scientists, data science specialists and other highly skilled personnel and to integrate current and additional personnel in all departments.

Competition for skilled personnel in our market is intense and may limit our ability to hire and retain highly qualified personnel on acceptable terms, or at all. We face intense competition in our hiring efforts from other medical device companies, as well as from universities and nonprofit research organizations, and we may have to pay higher salaries to attract and retain qualified personnel. We are also at a disadvantage in recruiting and retaining key personnel as our small size and limited resources may be viewed as providing a less stable environment, with fewer opportunities than would be the case at one of our larger competitors. The loss of one or more of our senior management or key personnel, or our inability to attract additional qualified personnel, could substantially impair our ability to implement our business plan. In addition, the replacement of key personnel likely would involve significant time and costs, and may significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our business objectives.

To induce valuable employees to remain at our company, in addition to salary and cash incentives, we have issued stock options that vest over time, restricted share units subject to vesting conditions, and certain performance warrants. The value to employees of stock options that vest over time may be significantly affected by fluctuations in our stock price that are beyond our control, and may at any time be insufficient to counteract more lucrative offers from other companies. Despite our efforts to retain valuable employees, members of our management and other key personnel may terminate their employment with us on short notice. Our employment arrangements with our employees provide for at-will employment, which means that any of our employees could leave our employment at any time, with or without notice. We also do not maintain “key man” insurance policies on the lives of these individuals or the lives of any of our other employees.

As we engage with GPOs and target medical providers to increase adoption of and utilization of the ENvue System, expand our product offerings in the future and increase our future marketing efforts, we will need to build and expand the reach of our marketing and sales networks. Our future success will depend largely on our ability to continue to hire, train, retain and motivate skilled employees with significant technical knowledge in various areas. An inability to attract, hire, train and retain employees will harm our sales, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our need to increase the size of our organization in order to successfully manage our growth may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have a small number of planned employees, and our management systems currently in place are not likely to be adequate to support our future growth plans. Our ability to grow and to manage our growth effectively will require us to hire, train, retain, manage and motivate additional employees and to implement and improve our operational, financial and management systems. These demands also may require the hiring of additional senior management personnel or the development of additional expertise by our senior management personnel. Hiring a significant number of additional employees, particularly those at the management level, would increase our expenses significantly. Moreover, if we fail to expand and enhance our operational, financial and management systems in conjunction with our potential future growth, such failure could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We face risks associated with litigation and claims.

We may, in the future, be involved in one or more lawsuits, claims or other proceedings. These suits could concern issues including contract disputes, employment actions, employee benefits, taxes, environmental, health and safety, fraud and abuse, personal injury and product liability matters.

On February 26, 2021, Protrade Systems, Inc. (“Protrade”) filed a Request for Arbitration (the “Request”) with the International Court of Arbitration (the “ICA”) of the International Chamber of Commerce alleging the Company is in breach of an Exclusive Distribution Agreement dated March 7, 2019 (the “Agreement”) between Protrade and the Company. Protrade alleges, in part, that the Company has breached the Agreement by discontinuing the manufacture of the DV0057 Painshield MD device in favor of an updated 10-100-001 Painshield MD device. Protrade claims damages estimated at $3 million. The Company vigorously defended the claims asserted by Protrade.

On March 15, 2022, the arbitrator issued a final award, which, determined that (i) the Company had the right to terminate the Exclusive Distribution Agreement; (ii) the Company did not breach the duty of good faith and fair dealing with regard to the Exclusive Distribution Agreement; and (iii) the Company did not breach any confidentiality obligations to Protrade. Nevertheless, the arbitrator determined that the Company did not comply with the obligation to supply Protrade with a year’s supply of patches, and awarded Protrade $1,500,250, which consists of $1,432,000 for “lost profits” and $68,250 as reimbursement of arbitration costs, on the grounds that the Company allegedly failed to supply Protrade with certain patches utilized by users of DV0057 Painshield MD device. The arbitrator based the decision on the testimony of Protrade’s president who asserted that a user would use in excess of 33 patches per each device. The Company believes that the number of patches per device alleged by Protrade is grossly inflated, and that these claims were not properly raised before the arbitrator. Accordingly, on April 13, 2022, the Company submitted an application for the correction of the award which the arbitrator denied on June 22, 2022.

On April 5, 2022, Protrade filed a Petition with the Supreme Court of New York Nassau County seeking to confirm the Award. On April 13, 2022, the Company submitted an application to the ICA seeking to correct an error in the award based on the evidence that the Company only sold 2-3 reusable patches per device contrary to the 33 reusable patches claimed by Protrade. The same arbitrator who issued the award, denied the application.

On July 22, 2022, the Company filed a cross-motion seeking to vacate arbitration award on the grounds that the arbitrator exceeded her authority, that the award was procured by fraud, and that the arbitrator failed to follow procedures established by New York law. In particular, the Company averred in its motion that Protrade’s witness made false statements in arbitration, and that the arbitrator resolved a claim that was never raised by Protrade and that has no factual basis.

On October 3, 2022, the court issued a decision granting Protrade its petition to confirm the award and denying the cross-motion.

On November 9, 2022, the Company filed a motion to re-argue and renew its cross-motion to vacate the arbitration decision based on newer information that was not available during the initial hearing. On the same day, the Company also filed a notice of appeal with the Appellate Division, Second Department. On March 21, 2023, the court denied the motion to re-argue and renew.

On July 10, 2023, the Company filed its appeal with the Appellate Division, Second Department. That appeal is now fully briefed. In February 2025, the Second Department informed counsel for the Company that the Second Department was beginning to process the appeal for calendaring.

As of December 31, 2025, and 2024, the Company accrued the amount of the arbitration award to Protrade of approximately $2.3 and $2.1 million, respectively, including interest which is classified in “Other accounts payable and accrued expenses”.

On March 30, 2026, the Appellate Division of the Second Department issued a decision and order which affirmed the judgment of the Supreme Court, Nassau County in its entirety and dismissed the appeal, stating inter alia that “Nano V ibronix failed to establish that the arbitration award violated a strong public policy, was irrational, procured by fraud, or clearly exceeded a specifically enumerated limitation of the arbitrator’s power”. It further held that Nano V ibronix had not demonstrated that it had shown sufficient new facts to the court on the motion to renew. The decision was conclusory and did not analyze the facts as argued by Nano V ibronix nor did it distinguish them specifically. The Company is currently reviewing the decision and considering its available alternatives.

Our products and information technology systems are critical to our business. Issues with product development or enhancements, IT system integration, implementation, updates and upgrades could disrupt our operations and have a material impact on our business and operating results.

We rely on the efficient, uninterrupted and secure operation of our IT systems and are dependent on key third-party software embedded in our products and IT systems as well as third-party hosted IT systems to support our operations. All software and IT systems are vulnerable to damage, cyber-attacks or interruption from a variety of sources. To effectively manage and improve our operations, our IT systems and applications require an ongoing commitment of significant expenditures and resources to maintain, protect, upgrade, enhance and restore existing systems and develop new systems to keep pace with continuing changes in information processing technology, evolving industry and regulatory standards, increasingly sophisticated cyber threats, and changing consumer preferences. Failure to adequately protect and maintain the integrity of our products and IT systems may result in a material effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

We plan to continuously upgrade and issue new releases of our products and customer-facing software applications, upon which our operations depend. Software applications and products containing software frequently contain errors or defects, especially when first introduced or when new versions are released. Additionally, the third-party software integrated into or interoperable with our products and services will routinely reach end of life, and as a consequence, may be exposed to additional vulnerabilities, including increased security risks, errors and malfunctions that may be irreparable or difficult to repair. The discovery of a defect, error or security vulnerability in our products, software applications or IT systems, incompatibility with future customers’ computer operating systems and hardware configurations with a new release or upgraded version or the failure of our products or primary IT systems may cause adverse consequences, including: delay or loss of revenues, significant remediation costs, delay in market acceptance, loss of data, disclosure of financial, health or other personal information of any customers or patients, product recalls, damage to our reputation, or increased service costs, any of which could have a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of our operations and the operations of our potential customers or our business partners.

Our business and operations would suffer in the event of computer system failures, cyber-attacks or deficiencies in our cyber-security.

In the ordinary course of our business, we collect and store sensitive data, including intellectual property, research data, our proprietary business information and that of our suppliers, technical information about our products, clinical trial plans and employee records. Similarly, our third-party providers possess certain of our sensitive data and confidential information. The secure maintenance of this information is critical to our operations and business strategy. Despite the implementation of security measures, our internal computer systems, and those of third parties on which we rely, are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses, malware, ransomware, cyber fraud, natural disasters, terrorism, war, telecommunication and electrical failures, cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusions over the Internet, attachments to emails, persons inside our organization, or persons with access to systems inside our organization. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attacks or cyber intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments, and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as the number, intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. Any such breach could compromise our networks and the information stored there could be accessed, publicly disclosed, encrypted, lost or stolen. Any such access, inappropriate disclosure of confidential or proprietary information or other loss of information, including our data being breached at third-party providers, could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability or financial loss under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, disruption of our operations or our product development programs and damage to our reputation, which could adversely affect our business.

We may acquire businesses or products, or form strategic alliances, in the future, and may not realize the benefits of such acquisitions.

We may acquire additional businesses or products, form strategic alliances, or create joint ventures with third parties that we believe will complement or augment our existing business. If we acquire businesses with promising markets or technologies, we may not be able to realize the benefit of acquiring such businesses if we are unable to successfully integrate them with our existing operations and company culture. We may encounter numerous difficulties in developing, manufacturing, and marketing any new products resulting from a strategic alliance or acquisition that delay or prevent us from realizing their expected benefits or enhancing our business. There is no assurance that, following any such acquisition, the combined company will achieve the synergies expected to justify the transaction, which could result in a material adverse effect on our business and prospects.

Certain stockholders could attempt to influence changes within the Company, which could adversely affect our operations, financial condition and the value of our common stock.

Our stockholders may from time to time seek to acquire a controlling stake in the Company, engage in proxy solicitations, advance stockholder proposals or otherwise attempt to effect changes. Campaigns by stockholders to effect changes at publicly traded companies are sometimes led by investors seeking to increase short-term stockholder value through actions such as financial restructuring, increased debt, special dividends, stock repurchases or sales of assets or the entire company. Responding to proxy contests and other actions by activist stockholders can be costly and time-consuming. These actions could adversely affect our operations, financial condition, and the value of our common stock.

Our operations may be impacted by natural disasters, which may become more frequent or severe as a result of climate change and may adversely impact our business and operating results as well as those of our potential customers and suppliers.

Natural disasters can impact us and our potential customers, as well as suppliers critical to our operations. Natural disasters include earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, droughts, hurricanes, wildfires, and other extreme weather conditions that can cause deaths, injuries, and critical health crises, power outages, restrictions and shortages of food, water, shelter, and medical supplies, telecommunications failures, materials scarcity, price volatility and other ramifications. Climate change is likely to increase both the frequency and severity of natural disasters and, consequently, risks to our business and operations.

The effects of climate change on regional and global economies could change the supply, demand or availability of sources of energy or other resources material to our products and operations and affect the availability or cost of natural resources and goods and services on which we and our suppliers rely.

Risks Related to Our Regulatory and Compliance Matters

Complying with regulations enforced by FDA and other regulatory authorities is expensive and time consuming, and failure to comply could result in substantial penalties.

We are subject to extensive governmental regulation, including the requirement of U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval or clearance before NanoVibronix product candidates may be marketed and after approval or clearance and during the marketing of our products. The process of obtaining FDA approval is lengthy, expensive and uncertain, and we cannot be sure that our additional product candidates will be approved in a timely fashion, or at all. If the FDA does not approve or clear our product candidates in a timely fashion, or at all, our business and financial condition would likely be adversely affected.

Both before and after approval or clearance of our product candidates, we, our product candidates, our suppliers and our contract manufacturers are subject to extensive regulation by governmental authorities in the United States and other countries. Failure to comply with applicable requirements could result in, among other things, any of the following actions:

FDA issuance of Form 483 or Warning Letters, which may be made public and may lead to further regulatory or enforcement actions, or similar letters by other regulatory authorities;

fines and other monetary penalties;

unanticipated expenditures;

delays in FDA approval and clearance, or FDA refusal to approve or clear a product candidate;

product recall or seizure;

interruption of manufacturing or clinical trials;

operating restrictions;

injunction or other restrictions imposed on our operations, including closing our facilities or our contract manufacturers’ facilities; or

criminal prosecutions.

In addition to the approval and clearance requirements, numerous other regulatory requirements apply, both before and after approval or clearance, to us, our products and product candidates, and our suppliers and contract manufacturers. These include requirements related to the following:

testing and quality control;

manufacturing;

quality assurance;

labelling;

advertising;

promotion (including the prohibition on promoting devices for “off-label” uses);

distribution;

export;

reporting to the FDA certain adverse experiences associated with the use of the products, as well as our discovery of defects or a product’s failure to comply with design specifications or applicable law; and

obtaining additional approvals or clearances for certain modifications to the products or their labelling or claims.

We are also subject to inspection by the FDA to determine our compliance with regulatory requirements, as are our suppliers and contract manufacturers, and we cannot be sure that the FDA will not identify compliance issues that may disrupt production or distribution, or require substantial resources to correct. We also cannot be sure that the FDA will agree with our analysis of, conclusions regarding, or handling of various situations that arise with our products. If it is determined that we failed to comply with any of our regulatory obligations, we could be subject to a wide range of enforcement actions that could limit our ability to continue to successfully commercialize impacted products or otherwise adversely impact us.

The FDA’s requirements may change and additional government regulations may be promulgated that could affect us, our product candidates, and our suppliers and contract manufacturers. We cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of government regulation that may arise from future legislation or administrative action. There can be no assurance that we will not be required to incur significant costs to comply with such laws and regulations in the future, or that such laws or regulations will not have a material adverse effect upon our business.

In addition, ENvue Holdings’ product, the ENvue System (for which we have obtained FDA 510(k) clearance) is, and future ENvue Holdings products can be considered medical devices and, accordingly, are subject to rigorous regulation by government agencies in the U.S. and other countries in which we intend to sell our products. Compliance with these rigorous regulations will affect capital expenditures, earnings and the competitive position of the Company. These regulations vary from country to country but cover, among other things, the following activities with respect to medical devices:

design, development and manufacturing;

testing, labeling, content and language of instructions for use and storage;

product storage and safety;

marketing, sales and distribution;

pre-market clearance or approval;

record keeping procedures;

advertising and promotion;

recalls and field safety corrective actions;

post-market surveillance;

post-market approval studies; and

product import and export.

The regulations to which we are subject are complex. Regulatory changes could result in restrictions on our ability to carry on or expand our operations, higher than anticipated costs, or lower than anticipated sales. Our failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements could result in enforcement action by FDA or state agencies, which may include any of the following sanctions:

warning letters, fines, injunctions, consent decrees, and civil penalties;

repair, replacement, refunds, recall, or seizure of our products;

operating restrictions or partial suspension or total shutdown of production;

refusing our requests for 510(k) clearance or pre-market approval of new products, new intended uses, or modifications to existing products;

withdrawing clearance or pre-market approvals that have already been granted; and

criminal prosecution.

If any of these events were to occur, they could harm our business.

UroShield has not been cleared or approved by the FDA, nor has it undergone the same type of review as an FDA-approved or cleared device.

Before we can sell a new medical device in the U.S., or market a new use of, new claim for, or significant modification to a legally marketed device, we must first obtain either FDA 510(k) clearance or pre-market approval, unless an exemption applies. In the 510(k) clearance process, before a device may be marketed, the applicant must submit a premarket notification to FDA under Section 510(k) of the FD&C Act, and FDA must determine that a proposed device is “substantially equivalent” to a legally-marketed “predicate” device. To be “substantially equivalent,” the proposed device must have the same intended use as the predicate device, and either have the same technological characteristics as the predicate device or have different technological characteristics, not raise different questions of safety or effectiveness than the predicate device, and be as safe and as effective as the predicate device. The 510(k) clearance process can be expensive and uncertain and typically takes from three to 12 months, but may last significantly longer. Clinical data may be required in connection with an application for 510(k) clearance. Furthermore, even if we are granted regulatory clearances, they may include limitations on the indications for use or intended uses of the device, which may limit the market for the device.

Our ENvue System is a Class II medical device and received FDA clearance under the 510(k) pathway for marketing to adults (ages 22 and above) only. FDA can delay, limit, or deny 510(k) clearance, or approval or reclassification, of a device for many reasons, including:

we may be unable to demonstrate to FDA’s satisfaction that the product candidate or modifications are substantially equivalent to a proposed predicate device or safe and effective for their intended uses;

we may be unable to demonstrate that the clinical and other benefits of the device outweigh the risks; and

the applicable regulatory authority may identify deficiencies in our submissions or in the facilities or processes of our third party contract manufacturers.

Any delay or failure to obtain necessary regulatory clearances or approvals could harm our business. For example, if we decide to market the ENvue System for a broader or additional indication(s) for use and/or make any material modifications to any element of the device and/or the manufacturing or distribution thereof in the future, an additional 510(k) submission, and FDA clearance thereof, will be required prior to making any promotional communications expressly or impliedly claiming that the device may be used for such indication(s) and/or prior to making such modification, respectively.

In addition, FDA may change its policies, adopt additional regulations, revise existing regulations, or take other actions, or Congress may enact different or additional statutory requirements, which may prevent or delay clearance of our future products under development or impact our ability to modify our currently marketed products on a timely basis. Such policy, statutory, or regulatory changes could impose additional requirements upon us that could delay our ability to obtain new 510(k) clearances, increase the costs of compliance, or restrict our ability to maintain our current marketing authorizations.

We received our European CE mark, indicating that we affirm our product’s conformity with European health, safety and environmental protection standards, in 2021. We will also need to obtain regulatory approval in other foreign jurisdictions in which we plan to market and sell our products. The time required to obtain registrations or approvals, if required by other countries, may be longer than that required for FDA clearance, and requirements for such registrations, clearances, or approvals may significantly differ from FDA requirements. If we modify our products, we may need to apply for additional regulatory approvals before we are permitted to sell the modified product. In addition, we may not continue to meet the quality and safety standards required to maintain the authorizations that we have received. If we are unable to maintain our authorizations in a particular country, we will no longer be able to sell the applicable product in that country.

Failure to comply with these rules, regulations, self-regulatory codes, circulars, and orders could result in significant civil and criminal penalties and costs and could have a material adverse impact on our business. Also, these regulations may be interpreted or applied by a prosecutorial, regulatory, or judicial authority in a manner that could require us to make changes in our operations or incur substantial defense and settlement expenses. Even unsuccessful challenges by regulatory authorities or private relators could result in reputational harm and the incurring of substantial costs. In addition, many of these laws are vague or indefinite and have not been interpreted by the courts and have been subject to frequent modification and varied interpretation by prosecutorial and regulatory authorities, increasing compliance risks.

Certain modifications to our products may require new 510(k) clearance or other marketing authorizations.

Once a medical device is permitted to be legally marketed in the U.S. pursuant to a 510(k) clearance, a medical device developer may be required to notify FDA of certain modifications to the device. Medical device developers determine in the first instance whether a change to a product requires a new premarket submission, but FDA may review any such decision.

While our ENvue System received 510(k) clearance in February 2019, we may in the future apply for 510(k) clearance for updated components of our ENvue System, which must, then, be found by the FDA to be substantially equivalent to the cleared ENvue System and, thus, may not be lawfully marketed in the U.S. until the FDA makes a substantial equivalence determination and issues the requisite 510(k) clearance for the updated ENvue System. Although the development of our ENvue System has been carefully monitored and documented by professionals who are experienced in the FDA clearance process, there is no assurance that the FDA will agree that an updated component of our ENvue System is substantially equivalent to the cleared ENvue System and allow the updated ENvue System to be marketed in the United States. The FDA may determine that the device is not substantially equivalent and require a premarket approval (“PMA”) or, more likely, a de novo reclassification, and/or require further information, such as additional test data, including data from additional clinical studies, before it is able to make a determination regarding substantial equivalence or PMA. By requesting additional information, the FDA can delay market introduction of an updated ENvue System and increase the resources needed to gain clearance or PMA. Delays in receipt of or failure to receive any necessary 510(k) clearance, de novo classification, or PMA, or the imposition of stringent restrictions for our ENvue System, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

In the future, we may make other modifications to our products, including our ENvue System, and determine, based on our review of the applicable FDA regulations and guidance, that in certain instances new 510(k) clearances or other premarket submissions are not required. If FDA disagrees with our determinations, we may be subject to a wide range of enforcement actions, including, for example, a warning letter, among other consequences, after which we will likely have to cease marketing the applicable modified product and/or to recall distributed units of such modified product until we obtain the requisite clearance or approval.

Failure to obtain regulatory approval in foreign jurisdictions will prevent us from marketing our products abroad.

International sales of our products and any of our products that we commercialize are subject to the regulatory requirements of each country in which the products are sold. Accordingly, the introduction of our products in markets outside the United States where we do not already possess regulatory approval will be subject to regulatory approvals in those jurisdictions. The regulatory review process varies from country to country. Many countries impose product standards, packaging and labelling requirements, and import restrictions on medical devices. In addition, each country has its own tariff regulations, duties and tax requirements, as well as reimbursement and healthcare payment systems. The approval by foreign government authorities is unpredictable and uncertain, and can be expensive. We may be required to perform additional pre-clinical, clinical or post-approval studies even if FDA approval has been obtained. Our ability to market our approved products could be substantially limited due to delays in receipt of, or failure to receive, the necessary approvals or clearances.

To the extent we intend to sell medical devices in member states of the European Union (“EU”), our products must comply with the general safety and performance requirements of the Medical Devices Regulation (“MDR”) (Regulation (EU) No 2017/745), which repeals and replaces the Medical Devices Directive (the “MDD”). Compliance with these requirements is a prerequisite to be able to affix the European conformity (“CE” or “CE mark”) to our products, without which they cannot be sold or marketed in the EU. All medical devices placed on the market in the EU must meet the general safety and performance requirements laid down in Annex I to the MDR, including the requirement that a medical device must be designed and manufactured in such a way that, during normal conditions of use, it is suitable for its intended purpose. Medical devices must be safe and effective and must not compromise the clinical condition or safety of patients, or the safety and health of users and - where applicable - other persons, provided that any risks which may be associated with their use constitute acceptable risks when weighed against the benefits to the patient and are compatible with a high level of protection of health and safety, taking into account the generally acknowledged state of the art. To demonstrate compliance with the general safety and performance requirements, we must undergo a conformity assessment procedure, which varies according to the type of medical device and its (risk) classification. Except for low risk medical devices (Class I), where the manufacturer can self-assess the conformity of its products with the general safety and performance requirements (except for any parts which relate to sterility, metrology or reuse aspects), a conformity assessment procedure requires the intervention of a notified body. Notified bodies are independent organizations designated by EU member states to assess the conformity of certain products before being placed on the market.

We are uncertain regarding the success of our clinical trials for our products in development.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully complete the U.S. and foreign regulatory approval processes for products in development. In addition, there can be no assurance that we will not encounter additional problems that will cause us to delay, suspend or terminate our clinical trials. In addition, we cannot make any assurance that clinical trials will be deemed sufficient in size and scope to satisfy regulatory approval requirements, or, if completed, will ultimately demonstrate our products to be safe and efficacious.

Healthcare reform measures could adversely affect our business and financial results.

In the United States, there have been, and we expect there will continue to be, a number of legislative and regulatory changes to the healthcare system in ways that may adversely affect our business and financial results. Federal and state lawmakers regularly propose and, at times, enact legislation that could result in significant changes to the healthcare system, some of which are intended to contain or reduce the costs of medical products and services. Current and future legislative proposals to further reform healthcare or reduce healthcare costs may limit coverage of or lower reimbursement for our products. The cost containment measures that payers and providers are instituting and the effect of any healthcare reform initiative implemented in the future could impact our revenue from the sale of our products. For example, the Patient Protection and Affordable Act of 2010, commonly referred to as the Affordable Care Act, contains a number of provisions, including those governing enrollment in federal healthcare programs, reimbursement changes and fraud and abuse measures, all of which will impact existing government healthcare programs and will result in the development of new programs.

There have been executive, judicial and Congressional challenges to certain aspects of the Affordable Care Act for over a decade. However, as of the Supreme Court’s ruling ordering the dismissal of, arguably, the most promising case challenging the Affordable Care Act to-date in June 2021, it appears that the Affordable Care Act will remain in-effect in its current form for the foreseeable future. We cannot predict what additional challenges to the Affordable Care Act may arise in the future, the outcome thereof, or the impact any such actions may have on our business. Additionally, the Biden administration has introduced various measures in recent years, focusing on healthcare and medical-product pricing, in particular. It remains to be seen how these measures will affect our business and there is uncertainty as to what other healthcare programs and regulations may be implemented or changed at the federal and/or state level in the U.S., but it is possible that such initiatives could have an adverse effect on our ability to obtain FDA approval or clearance and/or successfully commercialize products in the U.S. in the future. For example, any changes that reduce, or impede the ability of healthcare providers to obtain reimbursement for medical procedures in which the products we currently, or intend to, commercialize are used, or that reduce medical procedure volumes, could adversely affect our operations and/or future business plans. The financial impact of U.S. healthcare reform legislation over the next few years will depend on a number of factors, including the policies reflected in implementing regulations and guidance and changes in sales volumes for medical devices affected by the legislation. From time to time, legislation is drafted, introduced, and passed that could significantly change the statutory provisions governing coverage, reimbursement, pricing, and marketing of medical device products. In addition, third-party payor coverage and reimbursement policies are often revised or interpreted in ways that may significantly affect our business and our products.

On April 5, 2017, the European Parliament passed the MDR which repeals and replaces the EU Medical Device Directive and became effective on May 26, 2021. The Medical Devices Regulation, among other things, is intended to establish a uniform, transparent, predictable, and sustainable regulatory framework across the EEA for medical devices and ensure a high level of safety and health while supporting innovation. The new regulations, among other things:

strengthen the rules on placing devices on the market and reinforce surveillance once they are available;

establish explicit provisions on manufacturers’ responsibilities for the follow-up of the quality, performance and safety of devices placed on the market;

improve the traceability of medical devices throughout the supply chain to the end-user or patient through a unique identification number;

set up a central database to provide patients, healthcare professionals and the public with comprehensive information on products available in the European Union; and

strengthen rules for the assessment of certain high-risk devices, such as implants, which may have to undergo an additional check by experts before they are placed on the market.

These modifications may have an effect on the way we conduct our business in the EEA.

Any change in the laws or regulations that govern the clearance and approval processes relating to our current, planned and future products could make it more difficult and costly to obtain clearance or approval for new products or to produce, market and distribute existing products. Significant delays in receiving clearance or approval or the failure to receive clearance or approval for our new products would have an adverse effect on our ability to expand our business.

We may be subject to certain federal, state, and foreign fraud and abuse laws, health information privacy and security laws, and transparency laws, which, if violated, could subject us to substantial penalties. Additionally, any challenge to or investigation into our practices under these laws could cause adverse publicity and be costly to respond to, and thus could harm our business.

There are numerous U.S. federal and state, as well as foreign, laws pertaining to healthcare fraud and abuse, including anti-kickback, false claims, and physician transparency laws. Efforts to ensure that our business arrangements with third parties will comply with applicable healthcare laws and regulations may involve substantial costs. Our business practices and relationships with providers and patients are subject to scrutiny under these laws. We may also be subject to patient information privacy and security regulation by both the federal government and the states and foreign jurisdictions in which we conduct our business. The healthcare laws and regulations that may affect our ability to operate include:

the federal healthcare Medicare and Medicaid Patient Protection Act of 1987 (the “Anti-Kickback Statute”), which prohibits, among other things, persons, and entities from knowingly and willfully soliciting, offering, receiving or providing remuneration, directly or indirectly, in cash or in kind, to induce or reward either the referral of an individual for, or the purchase, lease, order, or arrange for or recommend a good or service, for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under federal healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid. The term “remuneration” has been broadly interpreted to include anything of value. The government can establish a violation of the Anti-Kickback Statute without proving that a person or entity had actual knowledge of the law or a specific intent to violate. Moreover, the government may assert that a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal healthcare Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the federal civil False Claims Act. Although there are a number of statutory exceptions and regulatory safe harbors to the federal healthcare Anti-Kickback Statute protecting certain common business arrangements and activities from prosecution or regulatory sanctions, the exceptions and safe harbors are drawn narrowly. Practices that involve remuneration to those who prescribe, purchase, or recommend medical device products, including discounts, or engaging individuals as speakers, consultants, or advisors, may be subject to scrutiny if they do not fit squarely within an exception or safe harbor. Our practices may not in all cases meet all of the criteria for safe harbor protection from anti- kickback liability. Moreover, there are no safe harbors for many common practices, such as reimbursement support programs, educational or research grants, or charitable donations;

the federal civil False Claims Act, which prohibits, among other things, individuals or entities from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, false or fraudulent claims for payment of federal government funds, and knowingly making, using or causing to be made or used a false record or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim to avoid, decrease or conceal an obligation to pay money to the federal government. Private individuals, commonly known as “whistleblowers,” can bring civil False Claims Act qui tam actions, on behalf of the government and such individuals and may share in amounts paid by the entity to the government in recovery or settlement. False Claims Act liability is potentially significant in the healthcare industry because the statute provides for treble damages and serious mandatory penalties for each false or fraudulent claim or statement. The government may assert that a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim under the federal civil False Claims Act. Many pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers have been investigated and have reached substantial settlements under the federal civil False Claims Act in connection with alleged off-label promotion of their products and allegedly providing free products to customers with the expectation that the customers would bill federal health care programs for the product. In addition, manufacturers can be held liable under the federal civil False Claims Act even when they do not submit claims directly to government payers if they are deemed to “cause” the submission of false or fraudulent claims. There are also criminal penalties, including imprisonment and criminal fines, for making or presenting false, fictitious or fraudulent claims to the federal government;

the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”), which created additional federal criminal statutes that prohibit, among other things, knowingly and willfully executing or attempting to execute a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program, including private third-party payers, knowingly and willfully embezzling or stealing from a healthcare benefit program, willfully obstructing a criminal investigation of a healthcare offense, and knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statements or representations, or making or using any false writing or document knowing the same to contain any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or entry in connection with the delivery of, or payment for, healthcare benefits, items or services. Similar to the federal healthcare Anti-Kickback Statute, a person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent to violate it to have committed a violation;

the federal Physician Payments Sunshine Act under the Affordable Care Act, which requires certain manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologics and medical supplies for which payment is available under Medicare, Medicaid or the Children’s Health Insurance Program (with certain exceptions) to report annually to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians (defined to include doctors, dentists, optometrists, podiatrists and chiropractors) and teaching hospitals, and applicable manufacturers and group purchasing organizations, as well as ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members. Since January 2022, applicable manufacturers are also required to report information regarding payments and transfers of value provided to physician assistants, nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, certified nurse anesthetists, and certified nurse-midwives;

HIPAA, as amended by Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (“HITECH”), and their respective implementing regulations, which imposes privacy, security, and breach reporting obligations with respect to Protected Health Information (“PHI”), upon entities subject to the law, such as health plans, healthcare clearinghouses and certain healthcare providers, and their respective business associates that perform services on their behalf that involve PHI. HITECH also created new tiers of civil monetary penalties, amended HIPAA to make HIPAA compliance as well as civil and criminal penalties directly applicable to business associates, and gave state attorneys general new authority to file civil actions for damages or injunctions in federal courts to enforce the HIPAA laws and seek attorneys’ fees and costs associated with pursuing federal civil actions; and

analogous state and foreign law equivalents of each of the above federal laws, such as anti-kickback and false claims laws which may apply to items or services reimbursed by any third-party payer, including commercial insurers or patients; state laws that require device companies to comply with the industry’s voluntary compliance guidelines and the applicable compliance guidance promulgated by the federal government or otherwise restrict payments that may be made to healthcare providers and other potential referral sources; state and local laws that require the licensure of sales representatives; state laws that require device manufacturers to report information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians and other healthcare providers or marketing expenditures and pricing information; data privacy and security laws and regulations in foreign jurisdictions that may be more stringent than those in the United States (such as the EU, which adopted the General Data Protection Regulation, which became effective in May 2018); state laws governing the privacy and security of health information in certain circumstances, many of which differ from each other in significant ways and may not have the same effect, thus complicating compliance efforts; and state laws related to insurance fraud in the case of claims involving private insurers.

These laws and regulations, among other things, constrain our business, marketing, and other promotional activities by limiting the kinds of financial arrangements, including sales programs, we may have with physicians or other potential purchasers of our products. We have also entered into consulting agreements with physicians, which are subject to these laws. Further, while we do not submit claims and our future customers will make the ultimate decision on how to submit claims, we may provide reimbursement guidance and support regarding our products. Due to the breadth of these laws, the narrowness of statutory exceptions and regulatory safe harbors available, and the range of interpretations to which they are subject, it is possible that some of our current or future practices might be challenged under one or more of these laws.

Certain enforcement bodies have recently increased their scrutiny of interactions between healthcare companies and healthcare providers, which has led to a number of investigations, prosecutions, convictions and settlements in the healthcare industry. For example, U.S. federal and state regulatory and enforcement agencies continue to actively investigate violations of healthcare laws and regulations, including pursuing novel theories of liability under these laws. These government agencies recently have increased regulatory scrutiny and enforcement activity with respect to manufacturer reimbursement support activities and patient support programs, including bringing criminal charges or civil enforcement actions under the federal healthcare Anti-Kickback statute, federal civil False Claims Act, the health care fraud statute, and HIPAA privacy provisions. Responding to investigations can be time and resource consuming and can divert management’s attention from the business. Any such investigation or settlement could increase our costs or otherwise have an adverse effect on our business. Even an unsuccessful challenge or investigation into our practices could cause adverse publicity, and be costly to respond to.

If our operations are found to be in violation of any of the healthcare laws or regulations described above or any other healthcare regulations that apply to us, we may be subject to administrative, civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, substantial monetary penalties, exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, imprisonment, additional reporting obligations, and oversight if we become subject to a corporate integrity agreement or other agreement to resolve allegations of non-compliance with these laws, reputational harm, and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations.

Our products may cause or contribute to adverse medical events that we are required to report to the FDA and other governmental authorities, and if we fail to do so, we would be subject to sanctions that could harm our reputation, business, results of operations, and financial condition. The discovery of serious safety issues with our products, or a recall of our products either voluntarily or at the direction of the FDA or another governmental authority, could have a negative impact on us.

We are required to timely file various reports with the FDA, including reports required by the medical device reporting regulations which require us to report to the FDA when we receive or become aware of information that reasonably suggests that one of our products may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or malfunctioned in a way that, if the malfunction were to recur in the device or a similar device that we market, could cause or contribute to a death or serious injury. If we fail to comply with our reporting obligations, the FDA or other governmental authorities could take action, including warning letters, untitled letters, administrative actions, criminal prosecution, imposition of civil monetary penalties, revocation of our device clearance, seizure of our products, or delay in clearance of future products. The FDA and certain foreign regulatory bodies have the authority to require the recall of commercialized products under certain circumstances.

A government-mandated or voluntary recall by us could occur as a result of an unacceptable risk to health, component failures, malfunctions, labeling or design deficiencies, packaging defects, or other deficiencies, or failures to comply with applicable regulations. If we do not adequately address problems associated with our devices, we may face additional regulatory requirements or enforcement action, including required new marketing authorizations, FDA warning letters, product seizure, injunctions, administrative penalties, or civil or criminal proceedings.

We may initiate voluntary withdrawals, removals, or corrections for our products in the future that we determine do not require notification of the FDA because no material compliance issue or safety risk is involved. If the FDA disagrees with our determinations, it could require us to report those actions and we may be subject to enforcement action. A future recall announcement or other corrective action could harm our financial results and reputation, potentially lead to product liability claims against us, require the dedication of our time and capital, and negatively affect our sales.

In addition, the FDA’s and other regulatory authorities’ policies may change, and additional government regulations may be enacted that could prevent, limit, or delay regulatory clearance or approval of our future products. For example, in November 2018, the FDA announced that it plans to develop proposals to drive manufacturers utilizing the 510(k) pathway toward the use of newer predicates. It is unclear the extent to which any proposals, if adopted, could impose additional regulatory requirements on us that could delay our ability to obtain new 510(k) clearances, increase the costs of compliance, or restrict our ability to maintain our current clearances.

We also cannot predict the likelihood, nature, or extent of government regulation that may arise from future legislation or administrative or executive action, either in the U.S. or abroad. For example, the Trump Administration previously enacted several executive actions that could impose significant burdens on, or otherwise materially delay, the FDA’s ability to engage in routine regulatory and oversight activities. It is difficult to predict how these executive actions and executive actions that may be taken under the Biden Administration or future administrations may affect the FDA’s ability to exercise its regulatory authority. If these executive actions impose constraints on the FDA’s ability to engage in oversight and implementation activities in the normal course, our business may be negatively impacted.

Disruptions at the FDA, other agencies or notified bodies caused by funding shortages or global health concerns could hinder their ability to hire, retain, or deploy key leadership and other personnel, or otherwise prevent new or modified products from being developed, cleared or approved, or commercialized in a timely manner, or at all, which could negatively impact our business.

The ability of the FDA, other agencies and notified bodies to review and authorize or certify for marketing new products can be affected by a variety of factors, including government budget and funding levels, statutory, regulatory and policy changes, agency’s or notified body’s ability to hire and retain key personnel and accept the payment of user fees, and other events that may otherwise affect the agency’s or notified body’s ability to perform routine functions. Average review times at the FDA and other agencies and notified bodies have fluctuated in recent years as a result. In addition, government funding of other government agencies that fund research and development activities is subject to the political process, which is inherently fluid and unpredictable. Disruptions at the FDA, other agencies and notified bodies may also slow the time necessary for new medical devices or modifications to be reviewed and/or cleared, approved or certified by necessary agencies or notified bodies, which would adversely affect our business. For example, over the last several years, the U.S. government has shut down several times and certain regulatory agencies, such as the FDA, have had to furlough critical FDA employees and stop critical activities. If a prolonged government shutdown occurs, or if global health concerns, including pandemics, were to prevent the FDA or other regulatory authorities from conducting their regular inspections, reviews, or other regulatory activities, it could significantly impact the ability of the FDA or other regulatory authorities to timely review and process our regulatory submissions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

In the EU, notified bodies must be officially designated to certify products and services in accordance with the MDR, which regulates the development and sale of medical devices in Europe. While several notified bodies have been designated, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly slowed down their designation process and the current designated notified bodies are facing a large amount of requests with the new regulation, as a consequence of which review times have lengthened although a regulation amending the EU MDR was adopted in March 2023, extending existing transitional provisions to December 31, 2028. Despite a recent increase in designations, the current number of notified bodies designated under the MDR remains significantly lower than the number of notified bodies designated under the previous regime. The current designated notified bodies are therefore facing a backlog of requests as a consequence of which review times have lengthened. This situation could impact our ability to grow our business in the EU and EEA and the ability of the notified body to timely review and process our regulatory submissions and perform its audits.

Changes in internet regulations could adversely affect our business.

Laws, rules, and regulations governing internet communications, advertising, and e-commerce are dynamic, and the extent of future government regulation is uncertain. Federal and state regulations govern various aspects of our online business, including intellectual property ownership and infringement, trade secrets, the distribution of electronic communications, marketing and advertising, user privacy and data security, search engines, and internet tracking technologies. Future taxation on the use of the internet or e-commerce transactions could also be imposed. Existing or future regulation or taxation could increase our operating expenses and expose us to significant liabilities.

Increased focus on current and anticipated environmental, social and governance ( “ ESG ” ) laws and increased scrutiny of our ESG policies and practices may materially increase our costs, expose us to potential liability, adversely impact our reputation, employee retention, willingness of potential customers and suppliers to do business with us and willingness of investors to invest in us.

Our operations are subject to a variety of existing local, regional and global ESG laws and regulations, and we will likely be required to comply with new, broader, more complex and more costly laws and regulations that focus on ESG matters. Our compliance obligations will likely span all aspects of our business and operations, including product design and development, materials sourcing and other procurement activities, product packaging, product safety, energy and natural resources usage, facilities design and utilization, recycling and collection, transportation, disposal activities and workers’ rights.

Environmental regulations related to greenhouse gases are expected to have an increasingly larger impact on our or our suppliers’ energy sources. Many U.S. and foreign regulators have enacted or are considering enacting new or additional disclosure requirements or limits on the emissions of greenhouse gases, including, but not limited to, carbon dioxide and methane, from power generation units using fossil fuels. The effects of greenhouse gas emission limits on power generation are subject to significant uncertainties, including the timing of any new requirements, levels of emissions reductions and the scope and types of emissions regulated. These limits may have the effect of increasing our costs and those of our suppliers and could result in manufacturing, transportation and supply chain disruptions and delays if clean energy alternatives are not readily available in adequate amounts when required. Moreover, alternative energy sources, coupled with reduced investments in traditional energy sources and infrastructure, may fail to provide the predictable, reliable, and consistent energy that we, our suppliers and other businesses need for operations.

Meeting our obligations under existing ESG laws, rules, or regulations is already costly to us and our suppliers, and we expect those costs to increase as new laws are enacted, possibly materially. Additionally, we expect regulators to perform investigations, inspections and periodically audit our compliance with these laws and regulations, and we cannot provide assurance that our efforts or operations will be compliant. If we fail to comply with any requirements, we could be subject to significant penalties or liabilities and we may be required to implement new and materially more costly processes and procedures to come into compliance. Further, these laws are subject to unpredictable changes. Even if we successfully comply with these laws and regulations, our suppliers may fail to comply. We may also suffer financial and reputational harm if future customers require, and we are unable to deliver, certification that our products are conflict free. In all of these situations, our future customers may stop purchasing products from us, and may take legal action against us, which could harm our reputation, revenues and results of operations.

Investor advocacy groups, institutional investors, investment funds, proxy advisory services, stockholders, and consumers are also increasingly focused on corporate ESG practices. Additionally, public interest and legislative pressure related to public companies’ ESG practices continues to grow. If our ESG practices fail to meet investors’ or other industry stakeholders’ evolving expectations and standards, including environmental stewardship, support for local communities, board of director and employee diversity, human capital management, employee health and safety practices, product quality, supply chain management, corporate governance and transparency and employing ESG strategies in our operations, our brand, reputation and employee retention may be negatively impacted, potential customers and suppliers may be unwilling to do business with us and investors may be unwilling to invest in us. In addition, as we work to align our ESG practices with industry standards, we have expanded and will likely continue to expand our disclosures in these areas. We also expect to incur additional costs and require additional resources to monitor, report, and comply with our various ESG practices. If we fail to adopt ESG standards or practices as quickly as stakeholders desire, report on our ESG efforts or practices accurately, or satisfy the disclosure and other expectations of stakeholders, our reputation, business, financial performance, growth, and stock price may be adversely impacted.

We are subject to consumer protection laws that regulate our marketing practices and prohibit unfair or deceptive acts or practices. Our actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could harm our business, and changes in such regulations or laws could require us to modify our products, marketing or advertising efforts.

In connection with the marketing or advertisement of our products and services, we could be the target of claims relating to false, misleading, deceptive, or otherwise noncompliant advertising or marketing practices, including under the auspices of the FTC and state consumer protection statutes. If we rely on third parties to provide any marketing and advertising of our products and services, we could be liable for, or face reputational harm as a result of, their marketing practices if, for example, they fail to comply with applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.

If we are found to have breached any consumer protection, advertising, unfair competition, or other laws or regulations, we may be subject to enforcement actions that require us to change our marketing and business practices in a manner which may negatively impact us. This could also result in litigation, fines, penalties, and adverse publicity that could cause reputational harm and loss of patient trust, which could have an adverse effect on our business.

Risks Related to Our Operations in Israel

We conduct our operations in Israel. Conditions in Israel, including the recent attack by Hamas and other terrorist organizations from the Gaza Strip, and the region, and Israel’s war against them, may affect our operations.

We have operations in the State of Israel, and we are directly affected by political, economic and security conditions in that country. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its Arab neighbors and a state of hostility, varying in degree and intensity, has led to security and economic problems for Israel. In addition, acts of terrorism, armed conflicts or political instability in the region could negatively affect local business conditions and harm our results of operations. We cannot predict the effect on the region of any diplomatic initiatives or political developments involving Israel or the Palestinians or other countries and territories in the Middle East. Recent political events, including political uprisings, social unrest and regime change, in various countries in the Middle East and North Africa have weakened the stability of those countries and territories, which could result in extremists coming to power. In addition, Iran has threatened to attack Israel and is widely believed to be developing nuclear weapons. Iran is also believed to have a strong influence among extremist groups in the region, such as Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon. This situation has escalated in the past and may potentially escalate in the future to violent events which may affect Israel and us. On October 7, 2023, the State of Israel was attacked by and subsequently declared war on Hamas. Israel has been in an ongoing state of war with Hamas since that time. Following the attack by Hamas, Hezbollah, a terrorist organization in Lebanon has also launched missile, rocket, and shooting attacks against Israeli military sites, troops, and Israeli towns in northern Israel. In response to these attacks, the Israeli army has carried out a number of targeted strikes on sites belonging to Hezbollah in southern Lebanon and in October 2024, the Israeli military initiated a ground operation in Lebanon, primarily near the Israel-Lebanon border. In November 2024, Israel entered into a ceasefire agreement with Hezbollah, but there are no guarantees as to whether the agreement will hold or whether further hostilities will resume.

During 2024, Iran launched missile and unmanned aerial vehicle, or UAV, attacks on Israel. Most of the missiles and UAVs were intercepted by Israel’s defense systems, with support from the United States and other countries, including regional allies, preventing significant damage and resulting in no casualties. Despite the successful interceptions, the attacks posed an elevated threat to Israel’s security. On June 13, 2025, in light of continued nuclear threats and intelligence assessments indicating imminent attacks, Israel launched a preemptive strike directly targeting military and nuclear infrastructure inside Iran aimed to disrupt Iran’s capacity to coordinate or launch further hostilities against Israel, as well as disrupt its nuclear program. For 12 days, both sides launched attacks against one another, with Iran targeting civilian infrastructure. As a result of the escalation with Iran, Israel temporarily closed its airspace and ceased all port activity related to commercial shipments. On June 22, 2025, the U.S. military joined Israel in launching strikes directly targeting nuclear infrastructure in Iran. A U.S. brokered ceasefire took effect on June 24, 2025.

On February 28, 2026, Israel and the United States commenced coordinated military strikes against targets in Iran, including military and strategic infrastructure in response to ongoing regional tensions and recent escalations involving Iran’s nuclear and military activities. In response, Iran launched a series of retaliatory attacks against Israel, targeting major cities and strategic sites, which are ongoing. While most of these attacks have been intercepted to date, some resulted in civilian casualties and damage to property. Subsequently, Hezbollah launched attacks against Israel in retaliation for the killing of Ali Hosseini Khamenei, the former Supreme Leader of Iran, and in response, Israel launched attacks against Lebanon and Israeli ground forces have entered into Southern Lebanon, and hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah are ongoing. Iran subsequently began launching retaliatory strikes against U.S. and other targets in the Gulf region. The Israeli government has raised its alert level nationwide, and the situation remains highly unstable, with ongoing exchanges of fire and heightened risk of further escalation. Regional and international responses are ongoing, and the risk of broader conflict in the Middle East has increased.

In addition, in December 2024, Ba’athist Syria, led by President Bashar al-Assad, collapsed during a major offensive by opposition forces made up of several competing rebel groups. In response, the Israeli Defense Forces took control over a United Nations-designated buffer zone over Mount Hermon that separates Israel and Syria. Simultaneously, Israel conducted targeted military strikes against military assets in Syria, aiming to eliminate any chemical weapons storage sites that could be used by rebel groups and further weaken Iran’s operational capabilities in the region. While the transitional government of Syria has indicated that it is interested in reconstruction and stability rather than a continuation of conflicts with Israel, there are no guarantees that there will be no future escalation of hostilities or that Syria will not permit other neighboring countries to launch attacks at Israel from its territory.

Any hostilities involving Israel, or the interruption or curtailment of trade within Israel or between Israel and its trading partners, or the ability to ship our products overseas, could adversely affect our operations and results of operations and could make it more difficult for us to raise capital. Parties with whom we may do business have sometimes declined to travel to Israel during periods of heightened unrest or tension, forcing us to make alternative arrangements when necessary. The conflict situation in Israel could cause situations where medical product certifying or auditing bodies could not be able to visit manufacturing facilities of our subcontractors in Israel in order to review our certifications or clearances, thus possibly leading to temporary suspensions or even cancellations of our product clearances or certifications. The conflict situation in Israel could also result in parties with whom we have agreements involving performance in Israel claiming that they are not obligated to perform their commitments under those agreements pursuant to force majeure provisions in such agreements.

There have been travel advisories issued related to travel to Israel, restriction on travel, and delays and disruptions as related to imports and exports may be imposed in the future. An inability to receive supplies and materials, shortages of materials or difficulties in procuring our materials, among others, or conversely, our ability to ship products to our US facilities or overseas customers, may adversely impact our ability to commercialize and manufacture our product candidates and products in a timely manner. This could cause a number of delays and/or issues for our operations, including delay of the review of our product candidates by regulatory agencies, which in turn would have a material adverse impact on our ability to commercialize our product candidates.

We currently have 12 full-time employees, including 5 employees who are members of senior management, as well as engagements with 2 contractors, who are located in and/or reside in Israel. As a result, our business and operations are directly affected by economic, political, geopolitical and military conditions in Israel. Shelter-in-place and work-from-home measures, government-imposed restrictions on movement and travel, and other precautions taken to address the ongoing conflict may temporarily disrupt our management and employees’ ability to effectively perform their daily tasks.

The IDF, the national military of Israel, is a conscripted military service, subject to certain exceptions. None of our employees are subject to military service in the IDF and have been called to serve, but many do serve on guard duty in their local communities from time to time. It is possible that there will be further military reserve duty call-ups in the future, which may affect our business due to a shortage of skilled labor and loss of institutional knowledge, and necessary mitigation measures we may take to respond to a decrease in labor availability, such as overtime and third-party outsourcing, for example, which may have unintended negative effects and adversely impact our results of operations, liquidity, or cash flows.

It is currently not possible to predict the duration or severity of the ongoing conflict or its effects on our business, operations, and financial conditions. The ongoing conflict is rapidly evolving and developing, and could disrupt our business and operations, interrupt our sources and availability of supply, and hamper our ability to raise additional funds or sell our securities, among others.

The impact of planned changes in the Israeli Judicial System on capital raising in the high-tech sector is difficult to predict.

In January and February 2023, the Israeli government began promoting a plan to implement changes in the judicial system in Israel, as well as additional legislative changes. According to various assessments and publications, the proposed changes (some of which have already passed the first, second, and even third readings in the Knesset) are causing significant controversy and, therefore, may also impact the performance and resilience of the Israeli economy. According to some forecasts, this plan may lead, among other things, to a downgrade in Israel’s credit rating, damage to the local currency, increased inflation, a reduction in investments in the Israeli economy, capital outflow from Israel, an increase in the cost of capital raising in the Israeli economy, and harm to the activity of the economic sector in general and the high-tech sector in particular. The forecast from the Bank of Israel’s research unit in July 2023 provided evidence of a decline in the volume of fundraising for investments in start-up companies in Israel.

Since October 2023, following the start of Israel-Hamas war, public and media focus on legislative changes has diminished. It is currently not possible to predict whether the legislative efforts will be renewed and or their effects on our business, operations and financial conditions.

Our “Israeli identity” may have negative impact on our sales.

Part of our management, and the majority of development, are based in Israel, while all our product sales including operations are made outside of Israel. Accordingly, the political status of the State of Israel may impact our activity. The Israeli identity sometimes serves as a sales promoter (due to the recognition of Israel’s technological advantages), while in other cases, it may be a disadvantage and could even lead to the cancellation of deals (such as within the framework of coordinated efforts to boycott Israeli products and/or divest from Israel). Additionally, some countries worldwide have imposed or may impose restrictions on doing business in or with Israeli companies from time to time.

Because a certain portion of our expenses is incurred in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, our results of operations may be harmed by currency fluctuations and inflation.

We expect our revenues from future licensing agreements to be denominated mainly in U.S. dollars or in Euros. We pay a substantial portion of our expenses in U.S. dollars; however, a portion of our expenses, related to salaries of the employees in Israel and payment to part of the service providers in Israel and other territories, are paid in New Israeli Shekels, or NIS, and in other currencies. In addition, a portion of our financial assets is held in NIS and in other currencies. As a result, we are exposed to the currency fluctuation risks, and we do not attempt to hedge against such risks. For example, if the NIS strengthens against the U.S. dollar, our reported expenses in U.S. dollars may be higher than anticipated. In addition, if the NIS weakens against the U.S. dollar, the U.S. dollar value of our financial assets held in NIS will decline.

It may be difficult for investors in the United States to enforce any judgments obtained against us or any of our directors or officers.

Almost all of our assets are located outside the United States, although we do maintain a permanent place of business within the United States. In addition, some of our officers and directors are nationals and/or residents of countries other than the United States, and all or a substantial portion of such persons’ assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to enforce within the United States any judgments obtained against us or any of our non-U.S. directors or officers, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof. Additionally, it may be difficult to assert U.S. securities law claims in actions originally instituted outside of the United States. Israeli courts may refuse to hear a U.S. securities law claim because Israeli courts may not be the most appropriate forums in which to bring such a claim. Even if an Israeli court agrees to hear a claim, it may determine that the Israeli law, and not U.S. law, is applicable to the claim.

Further, if U.S. law is found to be applicable, certain content of applicable U.S. law must be proved as a fact, which can be a time-consuming and costly process, and certain matters of procedure would still be governed by the Israeli law. Consequently, you may be effectively prevented from pursuing remedies under U.S. federal and state securities laws against us or any of our non-U.S. directors or officers.

Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property

Our success depends in part on our proprietary technology, and if we are unable to successfully enforce our intellectual property rights, our competitive position may be harmed.

Our success will depend in part on our ability to maintain existing intellectual property and to obtain and maintain further intellectual property protection for our products and services, both in the U.S. and in other countries. We intend to protect our intellectual property rights, including our AI technology and related algorithms, through a combination of patent, trademark, copyright, and trade secret laws, as well as third-party confidentiality and assignment agreements. Our inability to do so could harm our competitive position.

We rely on our portfolio of issued and pending patent applications in the U.S. and other countries to protect a large part of our intellectual property and our competitive position; however, our currently pending or future patent filings may not result in the issuance of patents. While we generally apply for patents in those countries where we intend to make, have made, use, or sell patented products, we may not accurately predict all of the countries where patent protection will ultimately be desirable. If we fail to timely file for a patent, we may be precluded from doing so at a later date.

Patent rights are territorial, and patent protection extends only to those countries where we have issued patents. Filing, prosecuting and defending patents on our products and our future products in all countries and jurisdictions throughout the world would be prohibitively expensive, and our intellectual property rights in some countries outside the United States could be less extensive than those in the United States. Many countries do not protect intellectual property to the same extent as the U.S. or Europe, and their litigation processes differ. Competitors may successfully challenge or avoid our patents, or manufacture products in countries where we have not applied for patent protection. Changes in the patent laws in the U.S. or other countries may diminish the value of our patent rights. As a result of these and other factors, the scope, validity, enforceability, and commercial value of our patent rights are uncertain and unpredictable.

Furthermore, the patent positions of medical device companies involve complex legal and factual questions, and, therefore, the issuance, scope, validity and enforceability of any patent claims that we may obtain cannot be predicted with certainty. The issuance of a patent, while presumed valid and enforceable, is not conclusive as to its validity or its enforceability and it may not provide us with adequate proprietary protection or competitive advantages against competitors with similar products. Any patents issued to us may be challenged, invalidated, held unenforceable, circumvented, or may not be sufficiently broad to prevent third parties from producing competing products similar in design to our products. In addition, any protection afforded by foreign patents may be more limited than that provided under U.S. patent and intellectual property laws. There can be no assurance that any of our patents, any patents licensed to us, or any patents which we may be issued in the future, will provide us with a competitive advantage or afford us protection against infringement by others, or that the patents will not be successfully challenged or circumvented by third parties, including our competitors. Further, there can be no assurance that we will have adequate resources to enforce our patents. Competitors may also be able to design around our patents. Other parties may develop and obtain patent protection for more effective technologies, designs or methods.

Our ability to enforce our patent rights depends on our ability to detect infringement. It is difficult to detect infringers who do not advertise the components that are used in their products. Moreover, it may be difficult or impossible to obtain evidence of infringement in a competitor’s or potential competitor’s product, particularly in litigation in countries other than the U.S. that do not provide an extensive discovery procedure. Any litigation to enforce or defend our patent rights, if any, even if we were to prevail, could be costly and time-consuming and would divert the attention of our management and key personnel from our business operations. We may not prevail in any lawsuits that we initiate and the damages or other remedies awarded if we were to prevail may not be commercially meaningful.

Moreover, advances in AI technology may generate developments that existing IP laws do not adequately protect. The legislative and regulatory environment is out of our control, may change rapidly and unpredictably, and may negatively influence our revenue, costs, earnings, and growth. Some rules and regulations may be subject to litigation or other challenges that delay or modify their implementation and impact on us.

We also may seek to rely on protection of copyright, trade secrets, know-how, and confidential and proprietary information. We generally enter into confidentiality and non-compete agreements with our employees, consultants, and collaborative partners upon their commencement of a relationship with us. However, these agreements may not provide meaningful protection against the unauthorized use or disclosure of our trade secrets or other confidential information, and adequate remedies may not exist if unauthorized use or disclosure were to occur. The exposure of our trade secrets and other proprietary information would impair our competitive advantages and could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, and future growth prospects. In particular, a failure to protect our proprietary rights might allow competitors to copy our technology, which could adversely affect our pricing and market share. We may not be able to prevent the unauthorized disclosure or use of our technical knowledge or trade secrets by consultants, vendors, former employees and current employees. Further, other parties may independently develop substantially equivalent know-how and technology.

We currently own registered trademarks for our products, and we intend to rely on both registered and common law rights for our trademarks in the future. There can be no assurance that our future trademark applications will be approved. Third parties may also oppose our trademark applications, or otherwise challenge our use of the trademarks. In the event that our trademarks are successfully challenged, we could be forced to rebrand our products and services, which could result in loss of brand recognition, and could require us to devote resources to advertising and marketing new brands. Further, there can be no assurance that competitors will not infringe our trademarks, or that we will have adequate resources to enforce our trademarks.

Litigation, interferences, oppositions, re-exams, inter partes reviews, post grant reviews, or other proceedings are, have been, and may in the future be necessary in some instances to determine the validity and scope of certain of our proprietary rights, and in other instances to determine the validity, scope, or non-infringement of certain proprietary rights claimed by third parties to be pertinent to the manufacture, use, or sale of our products or provision of our services. These types of proceedings are unpredictable and may be protracted, expensive, and distracting to management. The outcome of such proceedings could adversely affect the validity and scope of our patent or other proprietary rights, hinder our ability to manufacture and market our products and provide our services, require us to seek a license for the infringed product or technology, or result in the assessment of significant monetary damages. An unfavorable ruling could include monetary damages or, in cases where injunctive relief is sought, an injunction prohibiting us from selling our products or providing our services. Any of these results from litigation could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Successful cybersecurity attacks, data breaches, unapproved use of machine learning or AI tools, or other security incidents could result in the loss of IP and key technological advantages. Security incidents could result in, for example, unauthorized access to, disclosure, modification, misuse, loss, or destruction of company, patient, or other third party data; theft or import of sensitive, regulated, or confidential data including personal information and IP, such as key innovations in AI; the loss of access to critical data or systems through ransomware; and business delays.

If we infringe or violate the patents or proprietary rights of other parties or are subject to an intellectual property infringement or misappropriation claim, our ability to grow our business may be severely limited.

Our commercial success also depends upon our ability, and the ability of any third party with which we may partner, to develop, manufacture, market and sell our products, if approved, and use our patent-protected technologies without infringing the patents of third parties. Extensive litigation over patents and other intellectual property rights is common in the medical device industry.

We may not have identified all patents, published applications or published literature that affect our business either by blocking our ability to commercialize our products, by preventing the patentability of one or more aspects of our products, or by covering the same or similar technologies that may affect our ability to market our products. For example, we may not have conducted a patent clearance search sufficient to identify potentially obstructing third party patent rights. Moreover, patent applications in the United States are maintained in confidence for up to 18 months after their filing. In some cases, however, patent applications remain confidential in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or the USPTO, for the entire time prior to issuance as a U.S. patent. Patent applications filed in countries outside of the United States are not typically published until at least 18 months from their first filing date. Similarly, publication of discoveries in scientific or patent literature often lags behind actual discoveries. We cannot be certain that we were the first to invent, or the first to file, patent applications covering our products. We also may not know if our competitors filed patent applications for technology covered by our pending applications or if we were the first to invent the technology that is the subject of our patent applications. Competitors may have filed patent applications or received patents and may obtain additional patents and proprietary rights that block or compete with our patents.

We may therefore in the future be the subject of patent or other litigation. From time to time, we may in the future receive letters from third parties drawing our attention to their patent rights. While we do not believe that we infringe upon any valid and enforceable rights that have been brought to our attention, and we take necessary steps to ensure that we do not infringe on the rights of others, there may be other more pertinent rights of which we are presently unaware. The defense and prosecution of intellectual property suits, interference proceedings, and related legal and administrative proceedings could result in substantial expense to us and significant diversion of effort by our technical and management personnel. An adverse determination of any litigation or interference proceeding to which we may become a party could subject us to significant liabilities. An adverse determination of this nature could also put our patents at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly or require us to seek licenses from third parties. Licenses may not be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all, in which event, our business would be materially adversely affected. Intellectual property litigation or claims could force us to cease developing, selling or otherwise commercializing one or more of our products; to pay substantial damages for past use of the asserted intellectual property; and redesign, or rename in the case of trademark claims, our product(s) to avoid such third party rights, which may not be possible or which could be costly and time-consuming. Any of these risks coming to fruition could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

Our failure to secure trademark registrations could adversely affect our ability to market our products and operate our business.

Any future trademark applications in the United States and any other jurisdictions where we may file may not be allowed registration, and we may not be able to maintain or enforce our registered trademarks. During trademark registration proceedings, we may receive rejections. Although we are given an opportunity to respond to those rejections, we may be unable to overcome such rejections. In addition, in the USPTO and in corresponding foreign agencies, third parties are given an opportunity to oppose pending trademark applications and to seek to cancel registered trademarks. Opposition or cancellation proceedings may be filed against our applications and/or registrations, and our applications and/or registrations may not survive such proceedings. Failure to secure such trademark registrations in the United States and in foreign jurisdictions could adversely affect our ability to market our products and our business.

We may be subject to claims that our employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their former employers.

As is common in the medical device industry, we may employ individuals who were previously employed at other companies similar to ours, including our competitors or potential competitors. We may become subject to claims that these employees or we have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management.

Obtaining and maintaining patent protection depends on compliance with various procedures and other requirements, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated in case of non-compliance with these requirements.

Periodic maintenance fees, renewal fees, annuity fees and various other governmental fees on patents and/or applications will be due to the relevant patent agencies in several stages over the lifetime of the patents and /or applications. The relevant patent agencies require compliance with a number of procedures, documentation, fee payment and other provisions during the patent application process. In many cases, an inadvertent lapse can be cured by payment of a late fee or by other means in accordance with the applicable rules. However, there are situations in which the failure to comply with the relevant requirements can result in the abandonment or lapse of the patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. In such an event, our competitors might be able to use our technologies and know-how which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operation.

Patent terms may be inadequate to protect our competitive position on our products for an adequate amount of time.

Patents have a limited lifespan. In the United States, if all maintenance fees are timely paid, the natural expiration of a patent is generally 20 years from its earliest U.S. non-provisional filing date. Various extensions may be available, but the life of a patent, and the protection it affords, is limited. Even if patents covering our products are obtained, once the patent life has expired for a product, we may be open to competition from competitive products. Given the amount of time required for the development, testing and regulatory review of new products, patents protecting such products might expire before or shortly after such products are commercialized. As a result, our patent portfolio may not provide us with sufficient rights to exclude others from commercializing products similar or identical to ours.

We may be subject to claims challenging the inventorship of our patents and other intellectual property.

We may be subject to claims that former employees, collaborators or other third parties have an interest in our patents or other intellectual property as an inventor or co-inventor or an author. For example, we may have inventorship or ownership disputes arise from conflicting obligations of consultants or others who are involved in developing our products. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these and other claims challenging inventorship or our ownership of our patents or other intellectual property. If we fail in defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights, such as exclusive ownership of, or right to use, valuable intellectual property. Such an outcome could have a material adverse effect on our business. Even if we are successful in defending against such claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management and other employees.

We use AI in our business, and challenges with properly managing its use could result in reputational harm, competitive harm, and legal liability, and adversely affect our results of operations.

We incorporate AI solutions into our ENvue System, services, and features, and these applications are important in our operations. Our competitors or other third parties may incorporate AI into their products more quickly or more successfully than us, which could impair our ability to compete effectively and adversely affect our results of operations.

Additionally, if the content, analyses, or recommendations that AI applications assist in producing are or are alleged to be deficient, inaccurate, or biased, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely affected. Our use of AI and machine learning is subject to risks related to flaws in our algorithms and datasets that may be insufficient or contain biased information. The development of AI technologies is complex, and there are several challenges associated with achieving the desired level of accuracy, efficiency, and reliability. The algorithms and models used in our AI systems may have limitations, including biases, errors, or inability to handle certain data types or scenarios. There is a risk of system failures, disruptions, or vulnerabilities that could compromise the integrity, security, or privacy of our platform. These failures could result in reputational damage, legal liabilities, or loss of user confidence, which could materially affect our business.

The use of AI applications has resulted in, and may in the future result in, cybersecurity incidents that implicate the personal data of patients and users of such applications. Any such cybersecurity incidents related to our use of AI applications could adversely affect our reputation and results of operations. AI also presents emerging ethical issues, and if our use of AI becomes controversial, we may experience brand or reputational harm, competitive harm, or legal liability. The rapid evolution of AI, including potential government regulation of AI, will require significant resources to develop, test and maintain our platform, services, and features to help us implement AI ethically in order to minimize unintended, harmful impact.

Legislative and governmental activity in the privacy area may result in new laws or regulations that are applicable to us and that may hinder our business, for example, by restricting use or sharing of patient data, limiting our ability to provide certain data to our customers, limiting our ability to develop or modify our AI systems, or otherwise regulating AI and machine learning, including the use of algorithms and automated processing in ways that could materially affect our business, or which may lead to significant increases in the cost of compliance.

Risks Related to Our Organization and Securities

The price of our securities may be volatile, and the market price of our securities may drop below the price you pay.

We expect that the price of our securities will fluctuate significantly. Market prices for securities of early-stage medical device companies have historically been particularly volatile. In addition to the factors discussed in this “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in this Annual Report, these factors include:

progress, or lack of progress, in developing and commercializing our products;

favorable or unfavorable decisions about our products or intellectual property from government regulators, insurance companies or other third-party payers;

our ability to recruit and retain qualified regulatory and research and development personnel;

changes in investors’ and securities analysts’ perception of the business risks and conditions of our business;

changes in our relationship with key collaborators;

changes in the market valuation or earnings of our competitors or companies viewed as similar to us;

changes in key personnel;

depth of the trading market in our common stock;

changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt;

the granting or exercise of employee stock options or other equity awards;

realization of any of the risks described under this section entitled “Risk Factors”; and

general market and economic conditions.

In recent years, the stock markets, in general, have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations especially in the biotechnology sector. Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of shares of our common stock. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against that company. If we were involved in any similar litigation, we could incur substantial costs and our management’s attention and resources could be diverted. In the recent past, the U.S. and global markets have been experiencing volatility and disruption following the escalation of geopolitical tensions and the start of the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and Israel and certain hostile entities. A continuation or worsening of the levels of market disruption and volatility could have an adverse effect on our ability to access capital, on our business, results of operations and financial condition, and on the market price of our common stock.

We have a significant number of warrants and options, and future sales of our common stock upon exercise of these options or warrants, or the perception that future sales may occur, may cause the market price of our common stock to decline, even if our business is doing well.

Sales of a significant number of shares of our common stock in the public market could harm the market price of our common stock and make it more difficult for us to raise funds through future offerings of common stock. Our stockholders and the holders of our outstanding warrants and options, upon exercise of these options or warrants, may sell substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market. The availability of these shares of our common stock for resale in the public market has the potential to cause the supply of our common stock to exceed investor demand, thereby decreasing the price of our common stock.

In addition, the fact that our stockholders and holders of our warrants and options can sell substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, whether or not sales have occurred or are occurring, could make it more difficult for us to raise additional financing through the sale of equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we deem reasonable or appropriate.

If we fail to comply with the continued listing requirements of Nasdaq, our common stock may be delisted and the price of our common stock and our ability to access the capital markets could be negatively impacted.

Our common stock is currently listed for trading on Nasdaq. We must satisfy Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements, including, among other things, a minimum stockholders’ equity of $2.5 million and a minimum closing bid price of $1.00 per share or risk delisting, which would have a material adverse effect on our business. A delisting of our common stock from Nasdaq could materially reduce the liquidity of our common stock and result in a corresponding material reduction in the price of our common stock. In addition, delisting could harm our ability to raise capital through alternative financing sources on terms acceptable to us, or at all, and may result in the potential loss of confidence by investors, suppliers, customers and employees and fewer business development opportunities.

On April 10, 2024, we received the Letter from the Staff of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC indicating that, based upon the closing bid price of our common stock for the 30 consecutive business days between February 27, 2024 and April 9, 2024, we did not meet the minimum bid price of $1.00 per share required for continued listing on Nasdaq pursuant to the Bid Price Rule. The Letter also indicated that we were provided with a compliance period of 180 calendar days, or until October 7, 2024, in which to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A). We did not regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule by October 7, 2024, and on October 8, 2024, Nasdaq notified us that our securities were subject to delisting from Nasdaq unless we timely requested a hearing before the Panel. We subsequently and timely requested a hearing before the Panel, which was held on December 5, 2024.

On November 19, 2024, we received an additional deficiency notice from the Staff indicating that we no longer satisfied the $2.5 million stockholders’ equity requirement set forth in the Equity Rule for continued listing on Nasdaq. The Staff indicated that our non-compliance with the Equity Rule would be considered by the Panel at the Hearing and could serve as an additional basis for delisting of our securities from Nasdaq.

On December 26, 2024, we received a letter (the “Decision Letter”) from the Panel granting a limited extension of time for us to demonstrate compliance with the Bid Price Rule and the Equity Rule for continued listing on Nasdaq, subject to the following conditions: (i) on or before February 27, 2025, we will have obtained stockholder approval to effect a reverse stock split of our common stock; (ii) on or before March 31, 2025, we shall have effected a reverse stock split and, thereafter, maintain a $1.00 closing bid price of our common stock for a minimum of ten consecutive trading days; (iii) on or before March 31, 2025, we are required to demonstrate compliance with the Equity Rule by filing public disclosure with the SEC and demonstrate long-term compliance with the Equity Rule; and (iv) on or before March 31, 2025, we are required to demonstrate compliance with all continued listing requirements for Nasdaq. On February 24, 2025, we obtained approval from our stockholders to file a certificate of amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation to effectuate the March 2025 Reverse Stock Split, among others, and on March 13, 2025, the March 2025 Reverse Stock Split became effective.

On April 9, 2025, we received a letter (the “April Letter”) from the Staff notifying us that we had demonstrated compliance with the Bid Price Rule and the Equity Rule as required by the Panel pursuant to the Decision Letter.

Pursuant to the April Letter, we will be subject to a mandatory panel monitor for a period of one year from the date of the April Letter. If, within that one-year monitoring period, Staff finds us again out of compliance with the Equity Rule that was subject of the exception, notwithstanding Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(2), we will not be permitted to provide the Staff with a plan of compliance with respect to that deficiency and Staff will not be permitted to grant additional time for us to regain compliance with respect to that deficiency, nor will the company be afforded an applicable cure or compliance period pursuant to Rule 5810(c)(3). Instead, the Staff will issue a Delist Determination Letter and we will have an opportunity to request a new hearing with the Panel or a newly convened Hearings Panel if the initial Panel is unavailable.

There is no assurance that we will maintain compliance with such minimum listing requirements if we regain compliance with all applicable requirements for continued listing on Nasdaq. If our common stock were delisted from Nasdaq, trading of our common stock would most likely take place on an over-the-counter market established for unlisted securities, such as the OTCQB or the Pink Market maintained by OTC Markets Group Inc. An investor would likely find it less convenient to sell, or to obtain accurate quotations in seeking to buy, our common stock on an over-the-counter market, and many investors would likely not buy or sell our common stock due to difficulty in accessing over-the-counter markets, policies preventing them from trading in securities not listed on a national exchange or other reasons. In addition, as a delisted security, our common stock would be subject to SEC rules as a “penny stock,” which impose additional disclosure requirements on broker-dealers. The regulations relating to penny stocks, coupled with the typically higher cost per trade to the investor of penny stocks due to factors such as broker commissions generally representing a higher percentage of the price of a penny stock than of a higher-priced stock, would further limit the ability of investors to trade in our common stock. In addition, delisting could harm our ability to raise capital through alternative financing sources on terms acceptable to us, or at all, and may result in the potential loss of confidence by investors, suppliers, customers and employees and fewer business development opportunities. For these reasons and others, delisting would adversely affect the liquidity, trading volume and price of our common stock, causing the value of an investment in us to decrease and having an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, including our ability to attract and retain qualified employees and to raise capital.

The Certificate of Designations of the Series H Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series H Certificate of Designations”) provides for the payment of cumulative dividends in shares of our common stock which will require us to have shares of common stock available to pay the dividends.

Each share of the Series H Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series H Preferred Stock”) is entitled to receive cumulative dividends at the rate per share of 9% per annum (as a percentage of the stated value per share), payable on each conversion date (with respect to only the shares of Series H Preferred Stock being converted), in duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of common stock at the conversion price then on effect in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designations. As such, we may rely on having available shares of common stock to pay such dividends, which will result in dilution to our shareholders. If we do not have such available shares, we may not be able to satisfy our obligations as related to these dividends pursuant to the terms of the Certificate of Designations.

The Series G Certificate of Designations and the Series H Certificate of Designations both contain certain anti-dilution provisions, which may dilute the interests of our stockholders, depress the price of our common stock, and make it difficult for us to raise additional capital.

Certain events, for example, a Dilutive Issuance (as defined in each of the Series G Certificate of Designations and the Series H Certificate of Designations) may reduce the conversion price of the Series G Preferred Stock and/or Series H Preferred Stock, as applicable, which in turn may lead to further dilution to the holders of our common stock. In addition, the perceived risk of dilution may cause our shareholders to be more inclined to sell their common stock, which may in turn depress the price of common shares regardless of our business performance. We may also find it more difficult to raise additional equity capital while any of the shares of the Series G Preferred Stock or the Series H Preferred Stock remain outstanding.

Under the Series H Purchase Agreement and the September 2025 Purchase Agreement, we are subject to certain restrictive covenants that may make it difficult to procure additional financing.

Both the Series H Purchase Agreement and the September 2025 Purchase Agreement provide that until the one year anniversary of the date of the applicable closing contemplated by such agreement, we shall be prohibited from entering into any variable rate transactions, subject to certain exceptions. If we require additional funding while this restrictive covenants remain in effect, we may be unable to effect a financing transaction on terms acceptable to us, or at all, while also remaining in compliance with the terms of the Series H Purchase Agreement and the September 2025 Purchase Agreement, or we may be forced to seek a waiver from the investor party to such agreements, which such investor is not obligated to grant to us.

Mandatory conversion of Series G Preferred Stock on Mandatory Conversion Date can result in substantial dilution to our existing shareholders.

Pursuant to the terms of the Series G Certificate of Designations, on the fifth (5 th ) anniversary of the issuance date (the “Mandatory Conversion Date”), all then outstanding shares of Series G Preferred Stock and, to the extent that we elect to pay dividends in duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of common stock, all accrued but unpaid dividends thereon through and including the Mandatory Conversion Date shall be automatically converted into shares of common stock, subject to beneficial ownership limitations applicable to each holder.

Such mandatory conversion could result in substantial dilution to our existing shareholders, including a significant increase in the number of shares of our common stock outstanding, which may reduce the ownership percentage and voting power of existing stockholders. In addition, the issuance of a large number of shares of common stock upon conversion, or the expectation that such issuance may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and increase volatility in our trading price.

Furthermore, to the extent that at the time of such mandatory conversion we do not have a sufficient number of authorized but unissued and unreserved shares of common stock to effect the conversion in full, we may be required to seek stockholder approval to increase our authorized share capital, which may not be obtained in a timely manner or at all. Any delay in obtaining such approval could result in a failure to timely satisfy our obligations under the Series G Preferred Stock, potentially constituting a breach of the applicable Certificate of Designations and giving rise to additional rights or remedies for holders, including potential penalties or adjustments that could be adverse to us.

Even if sufficient authorized shares are available, effecting such mandatory conversion will reduce the number of shares of common stock available for future issuances, including for financings, acquisitions, equity incentive plans, or other corporate purposes. This reduction could limit our flexibility to raise additional capital or pursue strategic transactions on favorable terms, or at all, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Future issuances of preferred stock may adversely affect the market price for our common stock.

Additional issuances and sales of preferred stock, or the perception that such issuances and sales could occur, may cause prevailing market prices for our common stock to decline and may adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital in the financial markets at times and prices favorable to us.

We are a smaller reporting company, and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to our filing status will make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are a “smaller reporting company” and, thus, have certain decreased disclosure obligations in our SEC filings, including, among other things, simplified executive compensation disclosures and only being required to provide two years of audited financial statements in annual reports. Decreased disclosures in our SEC filings due to our status as a “smaller reporting company” may make it harder for investors to analyze our results of operations and financial prospects and may make our common stock a less attractive investment. If some investors find our common stock less attractive, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.

Although our shares of common stock are listed on Nasdaq, we currently have a limited trading volume, which results in higher price volatility for, and reduced liquidity of, our common stock.

Although our shares of common stock are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “FEED,” trading volume in our common stock has been limited and an active trading market for our shares of common stock may never develop or be maintained. The absence of an active trading market increases price volatility and reduces the liquidity of our common stock. As long as this condition continues, the sale of a significant number of shares of common stock at any particular time could be difficult to achieve at the market prices prevailing immediately before such shares are offered.

Anti-takeover provisions of our certificate of incorporation, our bylaws and Delaware law could make an acquisition of us, which may be beneficial to our stockholders, more difficult and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove the current members of our board and management.

Certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws could discourage, delay or prevent a Merger, acquisition or other change of control that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which you might otherwise receive a premium for your shares. Furthermore, these provisions could prevent or frustrate attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove members of our Board of Directors (the “Board” or “Board of Directors”). These provisions also could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for our securities, thereby depressing the market price of our securities. Stockholders who wish to participate in these transactions may not have the opportunity to do so. These provisions, among other things:

allow the authorized number of directors to be changed only by resolution of our Board;

authorize our Board to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock, the rights of which will be determined at the discretion of the Board and that, if issued, could operate as a “poison pill” to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer to prevent an acquisition that our Board does not approve;

establish advance notice requirements for stockholder nominations to our Board or for stockholder proposals that can be acted on at stockholder meetings; and

limit who may call a stockholder meeting.

In addition, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law that may, unless certain criteria are met, prohibit large stockholders, in particular those owning 15% or more of the voting rights on our common stock, from merging or combining with us for a prescribed period of time.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports or publish unfavorable research about our business, the price of our securities and their trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our securities will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. Currently there is only one research coverage by a securities and industry analyst. If one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades our securities, the price of our securities would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases to cover us or fails to publish regular reports on us, interest in the purchase of our securities could decrease, which could cause the price of our securities and their trading volume to decline.

Because we do not expect to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future, you must rely on appreciation of our common stock price for any return on your investment. Even if we change that policy, we may be restricted from paying dividends on our common stock.

We do not intend to pay cash dividends on shares of our common stock for the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our Board and will depend upon results of operations, financial performance, contractual restrictions, restrictions imposed by applicable law and other factors our Board deems relevant. Accordingly, you will have to rely on capital appreciation, if any, to earn a return on your investment in our common stock. Investors seeking cash dividends in the foreseeable future should not purchase our common stock.

Our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

Our ability to utilize our federal net operating loss, carry forwards and federal tax credit may be limited under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The limitations apply if an “ownership change,” as defined by Section 382, occurs. Generally, an ownership change occurs if the percentage of the value of the stock that is owned by one or more direct or indirect “five percent shareholders” increases by more than 50% over their lowest ownership percentage at any time during the applicable testing period (typically three years). If we have experienced an “ownership change” at any time since our formation, we may already be subject to limitations on our ability to utilize our existing net operating losses and other tax attributes to offset taxable income. In addition, future changes in our stock ownership, which may be outside of our control, may trigger an “ownership change” and, consequently, Section 382 and 383 limitations. As a result, if we earn net taxable income, our ability to use our pre-change net operating loss carry forwards and other tax attributes to offset U.S. federal taxable income may be subject to limitations, which could potentially result in increased future tax liability to us.

If we fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

As a public reporting company, we are required to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting. Failure to establish such internal control, or any failure of such internal control once established, could adversely impact our public disclosures regarding our business, financial condition or results of operations. Any failure of our internal control over financial reporting could also prevent us from maintaining accurate accounting records and discovering accounting errors and financial frauds.

Rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 require annual assessment of our internal control over financial reporting. The standards that must be met for management to assess the internal control over financial reporting as effective are complex, and require significant documentation, testing and possible remediation to meet the detailed standards. We may encounter problems or delays in completing activities necessary to make an assessment of our internal control over financial reporting. If we cannot assess our internal control over financial reporting as effective, investor confidence and share value may be negatively impacted. In addition, management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting may identify weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal control over financial reporting or other matters that may raise concerns for investors. Any actual or perceived weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal control over financial reporting (including those weaknesses identified in our periodic reports), or disclosure of management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting may have an adverse impact on the price of our securities.

As disclosed in Part II, Item 9A, “Controls and Procedures,” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting due to lack of adequate controls over management’s review procedures for processing, recording and reviewing transactions related to certain contracts, accounting memos and certain monthly closing procedures. Therefore, we concluded that our internal control over financial reporting and related disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2025.

Risks Related to the ENvue System

If we are not successful in enhancing awareness of our ENvue System, driving adoption across our current target population and expanding the population of eligible patients, our sales, business, financial condition and results of operations will be negatively affected.

Our business currently depends primarily on our ability to successfully market our ENvue System, which involves successfully engaging with group purchasing organizations or GPOs (i.e. entities that assist healthcare providers, such as hospitals, nursing homes, and home health agencies, to achieve savings and efficiency by using aggregate purchasing volume to negotiate discounts with manufacturers, distributors, and other suppliers) to increase adoption of and utilization our ENvue System.

The medical community’s awareness of performing the feeding tube insertion procedure using our product and the medical community’s adoption of the solution offered by us, instead of existing methods and products in the market for performing the procedure, is significant and crucial for our success. We are aiming to increase awareness about our ENvue System, work with medical professionals in the United States to raise awareness among the medical community and grow the number of facilities that utilize our ENvue System, but there can be no assurance that we will succeed.

Our commercial success and revenues will depend on the future adoption of the ENvue System into patient work streams in facilities and other healthcare settings. If we are unable to successfully drive interest in our ENvue System, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be harmed.

Our commercial success and revenues will depend in large part on the future adoption of the ENvue System into patient work streams in facilities and other healthcare settings. Our revenues are based and are expected to be based on the sale of the ENvue System and the sale of the dedicated feeding tubes (which are consumable products) to hospitals. Hospital procurement budgets, including capital equipment budgets, are sometimes shared by the entire institution or several departments within it. As such, expenses related to the purchase of other equipment by certain departments of a medical institution may reduce the budgets available for the purchase of our products by other departments interested in purchasing them.

The commercial success of our ENvue System will continue to depend on a number of factors, including the following:

the actual and perceived effectiveness and clinical benefit, of our ENvue System;

the prevalence and severity of any adverse patient events involving our ENvue System;

our ability to provide earlier awareness of and education about our ENvue System to GPOs;

the degree to which medical professionals and GPOs adopt our ENvue System;

the availability, relative cost and perceived advantages and disadvantages of alternative technologies or treatment methods for cognitive disorders;

the results of future clinical and other studies relating to the health, economic or other benefits of our ENvue System;

whether key thought leaders in the medical community accept that our future clinical utility is sufficiently meaningful to influence their decision to adopt our ENvue System;

the extent to which we are successful in educating medical professionals, GPOs and patients about the benefits of our ENvue System;

our reputation among GPOs and medical professionals;

our ability to predict product performance;

the strength of our marketing and distribution infrastructure, including our ability to drive adoption and utilization of our ENvue System;

our ability to obtain, maintain, protect, enforce and defend our intellectual property rights, including those covering our ENvue System;

our ability to maintain compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements, including FDA medical device postmarket surveillance regulations applicable to our ENvue System; and

our ability to continue to attract and retain key talent.

If we fail to market and sell our ENvue System cost-effectively, our sales, business, financial condition and results of operations will be negatively affected.

If we are unable to successfully scale our marketing, training and quality control systems our business, financial condition and results of operations would be harmed.

We began our marketing and sales activities of ENvue System in the beginning of 2020, and as of the date of this filing, we have not yet begun large-scale production and marketing. Accordingly, the use of the ENvue System has not yet been tested and proven on a large commercial scale. We are in a continuous process of receiving feedback from product users, developing, and improving products, distributing the improved products, and continuously reviewing our training procedures and quality control. We estimate that we will need to develop our marketing, training, and quality control systems to a scale not currently available to us (or alternatively, enter into an agreement with a strategic distributor or marketer who has such capabilities). There is no assurance that we will be able to do so in a way that allows us to achieve our objectives. If we are unable to successfully implement such marketing, training and quality control systems our business, financial condition and results of operations would be harmed.

We may be unable to compete successfully with competitive technologies, which could harm our sales, business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our industry is competitive and has been evolving rapidly. As of February 13, 2019, the ENvue System and ENvue Feeding Tube has received FDA clearance for marketing in the U.S. under the 510(k) procedure for use in adults (age 22 and older). As we continue to engage with target GPOs to increase adoption and utilization of our ENvue System, we expect to face competition in the market from competing technologies, as well as competition from new companies that may enter the market or introduce new technologies in the future. Third-party payors may encourage the use of competitors’ products due to lower costs of competing products or alternatives. Additionally, treating physicians may promote the use of other competitors’ products or alternative therapies.

Our current and future competitors may include large, well-capitalized companies with significant market share and resources. They may have more established sales and marketing programs than we do and have greater name recognition. In addition to competing for market share, competitors may develop or acquire patents or other rights that may limit our ability to compete.

W e believe that the competitive advantages of our ENvue System will be important factors in our future success. Our continued success depends on, among other things, our ability to:

successfully engage with GPOs to increase adoption of and utilization our ENvue System;

attract and retain skilled research, development, sales, marketing and clinical personnel;

continue to innovate in order to improve our ENvue System and enhance the patient and provider experience;

adequately predict and respond to product performance and safety;

obtain and maintain regulatory clearances, including for expanded indications;

cost-effectively market and sell our ENvue System;

obtain, maintain, protect, enforce and defend our intellectual property rights and operate our business without infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating the intellectual property rights of others; and

acquire products or technologies complementary to or necessary for our business.

The medical device industry is intensely competitive, subject to rapid change and significantly affected by new product introductions and other market activities of industry participants. There can be no assurance that other companies or institutions will not succeed in developing or marketing devices and products that are more effective than our ENvue System or that would render our ENvue System obsolete or noncompetitive.

The misuse or off-label use of our ENvue System may harm our reputation in the marketplace, result in injuries that lead to product liability suits or result in costly investigations, fines or sanctions by regulatory bodies, particularly if we are deemed to have engaged in the promotion of these uses, any of which could be costly to our business.

Our ENvue System is a Class II medical device cleared by FDA for commercialization in the U.S. to aid qualified operators in the placement of ENvue Medical Enteral Feeding Tube into the stomach or small intestine pursuant to the 510(k) notification process in February 2019 for use in adults (aged 22 and over). We, thus, are not currently able to promote the ENvue System for any other indications for use or make any promotional claims that are inconsistent with, or outside the scope of, such FDA clearance (often referred to as “off-label” claims). However, the assessment of whether a given claim is or is not consistent with a given FDA clearance or approval can often be subjective, and we cannot guarantee that FDA will always agree with our position regarding a particular claim or that all of our employees, representatives, and agents will abide by our marketing policies. If FDA determines that we have promoted any product without the requisite clearance or approval and/or for an off-label or unapproved use, it could take any number of enforcement actions against us, including (among others), issuing untitled or warning letters and/or pursuing an injunction, seizure, civil fine and/or criminal penalties. It is also possible that other federal, state or foreign enforcement authorities might take action under other regulatory authority, such as laws prohibiting false claims for reimbursement, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and/or business as a whole.

Additionally, we must have competent and reliable scientific evidence or, where applicable, other adequate substantiation for each reasonable interpretation of every promotional claim we make. In particular, comparative or superiority claims generally require adequate, well controlled, head-to-head clinical studies, comparing the product to the applicable competing products. To the extent we make any claims, or are otherwise held responsible for third-party claims about any product we may market in the United States, without the requisite clinical substantiation, we could be subject to enforcement action by FDA and/or the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), as well as a competitor challenge via the National Advertising Division (NAD) of the Better Business Bureau. Our plans to utilize social media as a primary promotional tool for our device(s) increases the applicable enforcement risk, as it makes it easier for our employees, affiliates, and any third parties with which we may have a relationship and/or arrangement under which we are deemed responsible for such party’s claims about our product(s) to disseminate promotional claims about our product(s) that may be inconsistent with applicable regulations governing device promotions. Further, consumers can bring private false-advertising lawsuits, including class actions, against us for any material misrepresentations and/or deceptive or unsubstantiated claims (among other similar causes of action) in our promotional materials or other advertising. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Use of our ENvue System requires appropriate training and inadequate training may lead to negative clinician experiences, which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The successful use of our ENvue System depends in part on the training and skill of the clinician. According to the regulatory clearance of the ENvue System by the FDA, users of the system are required to undergo training provided by us, according to a unique and easy-to-implement training model developed by us for system users. The training is usually provided in a concentrated manner to system users on behalf of the hospital, lasts approximately five days, and includes both theoretical and practical components regarding the system and its use. Providers could experience difficulty using our ENvue System. Moreover, medical providers rely on their previous medical training and experience when recommending or utilizing our ENvue System, and we cannot guarantee that all clinicians will have the necessary skills to properly utilize the ENvue System. We cannot be certain that clinicians that will use our ENvue System will have received sufficient training, and clinicians who have not received adequate training may nonetheless attempt to use our ENvue System with their patients. If medical providers utilize our ENvue System incorrectly, or without adhering to or completing all relevant training, their patient outcomes may not be consistent with the outcomes achieved in our research studies and any future clinical studies. Adverse safety outcomes that arise from improper or incorrect use of our ENvue System may negatively impact the perception of patient benefit and the safety of our ENvue System, notwithstanding results from our research studies and any future clinical studies. These results could limit adoption of our ENvue System, which would harm our sales, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our business could be adversely affected by professional and legal challenges to our business model or by new state actions restricting our ability to provide our products and services in certain states.

Since the success of our business will be dependent on the widespread adaptation of our ENvue System as an efficient and safer solution for feeding tube insertion compared to the alternative methods currently available on the market, clinicians and medical professionals across multiple geographies will be needed to use our ENvue System and provide positive feedback and results. This will expose the Company to legal risk of patients or medical providers who may have a negative experience with our ENvue System filing lawsuits claiming damages or other claims. Although the Company will seek insurance coverage for such legal actions, there is no assurance that the amount of coverage will be sufficient to cover these claims. In addition, such legal actions from consumers and medical providers may result in material and adverse effects on our ability to continue to conduct business due to negative press.

We may not be able to achieve or maintain satisfactory pricing and margins for our ENvue System, which could harm our business and results of operations.

The medical device industry has a history of price competition, and we can give no assurance that we will be able to maintain satisfactory prices for our ENvue System or any future products at competitive levels. The pricing of our products could be impacted by several factors, including change of supplies, price changes of components, and shipping costs. If we are forced to lower or are unable to increase the price we charge for our ENvue System, our gross margins will decrease, which will harm our ability to invest in and grow our business. If we are unable to maintain our prices, or if our costs increase and we are unable to offset such increase with an increase in our prices, our margins could erode, which could harm our business and results of operations.

Future sales of our ENvue System may depend on providers’ and patients ’ ability to obtain reimbursement from third-party payors, such as insurance carriers.

Future sales of our ENvue System may depend on our provider customers’ and patients’ ability to obtain reimbursement from third-party payors, such as insurance carriers. Our customers typically rely significantly on insurance or third-party reimbursement for the treatment and care they provide to patients. Any reduction in insurance or other third-party payor reimbursement for such patient care may cause negative price pressure that affects their ability to purchase our ENvue System, which would reduce our revenues. Without a corresponding reduction in the cost to produce such products, the result would be a reduction in our overall gross profit. Similarly, any increase in the cost of such products would likely reduce our overall gross profit unless there was a corresponding increase in third-party payor reimbursement. Failure by our provider customers or their patients to obtain or maintain coverage or to secure adequate reimbursement for treatment by third-party payors could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Our results of operations may be harmed if we are unable to accurately forecast clinician demand for our ENvue System or any future products.

Our ability to accurately forecast demand for our ENvue System or our future our products could be negatively affected by many factors, including our failure to accurately manage our expansion strategy, product introductions by competitors, our inability to forecast the lifecycle of our products, an increase or decrease in customer demand for our products or for competitor products, our failure to accurately forecast customer adoption of new products, unanticipated changes in general market conditions or regulatory matters and weakening of economic conditions or consumer confidence in future economic conditions. For us to succeed, it is essential to introduce and integrate the ENvue System into our target market, including through the creation of strategic partnerships and the establishment of effective marketing and distribution networks, as well as the successful execution of commercial validation of the ENvue System. Inventory levels in excess of customer demand may result in inventory write-downs or write-offs, which would cause our gross margin to be adversely affected and could impair the strength of our brand, which may negatively affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Adoption of our ENvue System depends on positive clinical data as well as medical providers’ acceptance of the data and our products, and negative clinical data, publicly reported adverse events, or perceptions among these medical providers would harm our sales, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The rate of adoption and sales of our products is heavily influenced by clinical data. There can be no assurance that future clinical studies, including those to demonstrate the efficacy of our ENvue System or future products in current target patient populations and those to support label retention and expansion for our products, will demonstrate clinical utility and effectiveness. Unfavorable or inconsistent clinical data from future clinical studies conducted by us, our competitors, or third parties, adverse events publicly reported by us, patients, or healthcare providers, or the negative interpretation of our clinical data internally and externally, including by customers, competitors, patients, and regulators could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The rate of adoption and sales of our products are also influenced by clinician perceptions. Negative perceptions of our products by medical providers, including due to negative clinical data or adverse events, could result in decreased adoption or use of our products, which would harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Further, if we are not able to attain strong working relationships with medical providers and receive their advice and input, the marketing of our products could suffer, which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our future success also depends upon patients having an experience with our products that meets their expectations in order to increase clinician demand for our products as a result of positive feedback and word-of-mouth. Patients may experience negative clinical outcomes if the performing medical providers are not adequately trained on use of our ENvue System. If the results of our products do not meet the expectations of the patients or their providers, it could discourage continuing use of our device or referring our products to others. Dissatisfied providers or patients may express negative opinions through social media, advocacy, or other publicity. Any failure to meet provider or patient expectations and any resulting negative publicity could harm our reputation and future sales.

Risks Related to the 2025 Reverse Stock Split

The 2025 Reverse Stock Split may not increase the price of our common stock over the long-term and our common stock may be delisted.

The principal purpose of the 2025 Reverse Stock Split was to increase the trading price of our common stock to meet the minimum stock price standards of Nasdaq. However, the effect of a reverse stock split on the market price of our common stock cannot be predicted with any certainty, and we cannot assure you that a reverse stock split will accomplish this objective for any meaningful period of time, or at all. While we expect that the reduction in the number of outstanding shares of common stock will proportionally increase the market price of our common stock, we cannot assure you that a reverse stock split will increase the market price of our common stock by a multiple of any reverse stock split ratio, or result in any permanent or sustained increase in the market price of our common stock sufficient to regain compliance with the conditions required by the Panel. The market price of our common stock may be affected by other factors which may be unrelated to the number of shares outstanding, including our business and financial performance, general market conditions, and prospects for future success.

The 2025 Reverse Stock Split may decrease the liquidity of our common stock.

The 2025 Reverse Stock Split reduced the total number of outstanding shares of common stock, which may lead to reduced trading and a smaller number of market makers for our common stock, particularly if the price per share of our common stock does not increase as a result of a reverse stock split.

The 2025 Reverse Stock Split may result in some stockholders owning “odd lots” that may be more difficult to sell or require greater transaction costs per share to sell.

The 2025 Reverse Stock Split had the effect of increasing the number of stockholders who own “odd lots” of less than 100 shares of common stock. A purchase or sale of less than 100 shares of common stock (an “odd lot” transaction) may result in incrementally higher trading costs through certain brokers, particularly “full service” brokers. Therefore, those stockholders who own fewer than 100 shares of common stock following a reverse stock split may be required to pay higher transaction costs if they sell their common stock.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of our management on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and certain other factors that may affect our future results. You should read the following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to historical information, the following discussion and analysis includes forward-looking information that involves risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results and the timing of events could differ materially from those anticipated by these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those discussed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10 -K. See “Item 1. Business - Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statement; Risk Factors Summary” included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10 -K.

Overview

We were organized as a Delaware corporation in October 2003. On February 14, 2025, we completed the Merger pursuant to the Merger Agreement, as further described below. Following the consummation of the Merger, NanoVibronix will conduct its operations through its two wholly-owned subsidiaries: (i) NanoVibronix Ltd., a private company incorporated under the laws of the State of Israel (“Nano OpCo”) and (ii) ENvue Medical Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (together with its respective subsidiaries, “ENvue”). Nano OpCo focuses on non-invasive biological response-activating devices that target biofilm prevention, pain therapy, and wound healing and can be administered at home, without the assistance of medical professionals. ENvue is a medical device company engaged in the research, development, production, marketing, and sale of medical devices in the field of enteral feeding and are in the initial stage of commercializing our products.

Agreement and Plan of Merger

On February 14, 2025, pursuant to the terms of that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), dated as of February 14, 2025, by and among us, NVEH Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“First Merger Sub”), NVEH Merger Sub II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Second Merger Sub”), and ENvue Medical Holdings, Corp. (“Predecessor ENvue” or “ENvue”), the Company and Predecessor ENvue effected (i) a merger of First Merger Sub with and into Predecessor ENvue, with the First Merger Sub ceasing to exist and Predecessor ENvue becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary the Company and (ii) the merger of Predecessor ENvue with and into Second Merger Sub (the “Second Merger” and, together with the First Merger, the “ENvue Merger”), with Second Merger Sub being the surviving entity of the Second Merger (“Surviving Entity”). At the effective time of the Second Merger, the certificate of formation of the Surviving Entity was amended and restated to, among other things, to change the name of the Surviving Entity to “ENvue Medical Holdings LLC.” In connection with the Merger Agreement, we issued (i) 3,318 shares of common stock (the “Merger Shares”), which such number of shares represented no more than 4.9% of the outstanding shares of common stock as of immediately before the First Effective Time and (ii) Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase up to 12,526 shares of our common stock (the “Merger Pre-Funded Warrants”) at an exercise price of $0.001 per share, and (iii) 57,720 shares of Series X Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series X Preferred Stock”). In addition, the Company issued 3,626 shares of Series X Preferred Stock to a service provider of ENvue, replacing its equity interest in ENvue, resulting in a total of 61,346 shares of Series X Preferred Stock outstanding after the Merger.

Nasdaq Minimum Stockholder’s Bid Price Requirement and Minimum Stockholder’s Equity Requirement

As previously disclosed, on April 10, 2024, we received a letter (the “Letter”) from the Listing Qualifications Department (the “Staff”) of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC indicating that, based upon the closing bid price of our Common Stock for the 30 consecutive business days between February 27, 2024 and April 9, 2024, we did not meet the minimum bid price of $1.00 per share required for continued listing on Nasdaq pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (the “Bid Price Rule”). The Letter also indicated that we were provided with a compliance period of 180 calendar days, or until October 7, 2024, in which to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A). We did not regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule by October 7, 2024, and on October 8, 2024, Nasdaq notified us that our securities were subject to delisting from Nasdaq unless we timely requested a hearing before the Nasdaq Hearings Panel (the “Panel”). We subsequently timely requested a hearing before the Panel, which was held on December 5, 2024 (the “Hearing”).

On November 19, 2024, we received an additional deficiency notice from the Staff indicating that we no longer satisfied the $2.5 million stockholders’ equity requirement set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) (the “Equity Rule”) for continued listing on Nasdaq. The Staff indicated that our non-compliance with the Equity Rule would be considered by the Panel at the Hearing and could serve as an additional basis for delisting of our securities from Nasdaq.

On December 26, 2024, we received a decision letter (the “Decision Letter”) from the Panel granting a limited extension of time for us to demonstrate compliance with the Bid Price Rule and the Equity Rule for continued listing on Nasdaq, subject to the following conditions: (i) on or before February 27, 2025, we will have obtained stockholder approval to effect a reverse stock split; (ii) on or before March 31, 2025, we shall have effected a reverse stock split and, thereafter, maintain a $1.00 closing bid price of our common stock for a minimum of ten consecutive trading days; (iii) on or before March 31, 2025, we are required to demonstrate compliance with the Equity Rule by filing public disclosure with the SEC and demonstrate long-term compliance with the Equity Rule; and (iv) on or before March 31, 2025, we are required to demonstrate compliance with all continued listing requirements for Nasdaq. On February 24, 2025, we obtained approval from our stockholders to file a certificate of amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation to effectuate the Reverse Stock Split, among others, and on March 13, 2025, the Reverse Stock Split became effective.

On April 9, 2025, we received a letter (the “April Letter”) from the Staff notifying us that we had demonstrated compliance with the Bid Price Rule and the Equity Rule as required by the Panel pursuant to the Decision Letter.

Pursuant to the April Letter, we are subject to a mandatory panel monitor for a period of one year from the date of the April Letter. If, within that one-year monitoring period, Staff finds us again out of compliance with the Equity Rule that was subject of the exception, notwithstanding Rule 5810(c)(2), we will not be permitted to provide the Staff with a plan of compliance with respect to that deficiency and Staff will not be permitted to grant additional time for us to regain compliance with respect to that deficiency, nor will the company be afforded an applicable cure or compliance period pursuant to Rule 5810(c)(3). Instead, Staff will issue a Delist Determination Letter and we will have an opportunity to request a new hearing with the Panel or a newly convened Hearings Panel if the initial Panel is unavailable.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates

This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported period. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates if conditions differ from our assumptions. While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the “Notes to Financial Statements”, we believe the following accounting policies are critical to the process of making significant estimates in preparation of our financial statements.

Inventory

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. Cost is determined using the “first-in, first-out” method.

Inventory write-offs are provided to cover risks arising from slow-moving items and obsolete items. The Company periodically evaluates the quantities on hand relative to current and historical selling prices and historical and projected sales volume. Based on this evaluation, provisions are made when required to write-down inventory to its net market value.

Impairment of long-lived assets

The long-lived assets of the Company, including finite-lived intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC No. 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment”, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an assets to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If such review indicates that the carrying amount of long-lived assets is not recoverable, the carrying amount of such assets is reduced to fair value.

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded a long-lived asset impairment charge of $645 and $0, respectively. See Note 21

Goodwill impairment

Management also evaluates goodwill for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Any impairment loss is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Business combination

The Company applies the provisions of ASC 805, “Business Combination” and allocates the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill generated from a business combination is primarily attributable to synergies.

When determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include but are not limited to future expected cash flows from acquired technology and acquired customer relationships from a market participant perspective, useful lives and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, which may extend up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company may record adjustments to the provisional fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the earlier of the end of the measurement period or the final determination of the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, any subsequent adjustments are recorded in earnings.

Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred. See Note 4 Merger, for further information.

Warrants

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance. The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments, meet the definition of a liability under ASC 480, and meet all of the requirements for equity classification, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock and whether the warrants meet the required conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent reporting period end date while the warrants are outstanding. Warrants that meet all the criteria for equity classification, are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital. Warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance and remeasured to fair value at each balance sheet date thereafter. The liability-classified warrants are recorded under non-current liabilities. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized in Financial expenses or income in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Revenue recognition

Revenues from product and services are recognized in accordance with ASC 606 “Revenue Recognition.” Five basic steps must be followed before revenue can be recognized; (1) Identifying the contract(s) with a customer that create(s) enforceable rights and obligations; (2) Identifying the performance obligations in the contract, such as promising to transfer goods or services to a customer; (3) Determining the transaction price, meaning the amount of consideration in a contract to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer; (4) Allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, which requires the company to allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation on the basis of the relative standalone selling prices of each distinct good or services promised in the contract; and (5) Recognizing revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation by transferring a promised good or service to a customer.

The Company’s performance obligation is generally the sale and delivery of its products. Revenues from product sales is recorded at the net sales price, or “transaction price,” which includes estimates of variable consideration that result from discounts as well as allowances for returns. Revenue from product sales is recognized at a point in time when control of the product is transferred, which is generally upon shipment to the customer.

Regarding its ENvue sales, the Company regularly sells its Systems and Nasoenteral tubes on a stand-alone basis and therefore concludes these products are separate performance obligations. Revenue from product sales is recognized at a point in time when control of the product is transferred, which is generally upon shipment to the customer.

When a contract includes a combination of products and services, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a stand-alone selling price basis. The stand-alone selling prices are generally determined based on the prices at which the Company separately sells the products and services.

The Company’s contracts with its ENvue customers generally do not include rights of return.

For customers of both NanoVibronix and ENvue, payments are typically due between 30 and 60 days.

The Company applied the practical expedient in ASC 606 and did not evaluate payment terms of one year or less for the existence of a significant financing component. The related revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers which are subsequently remitted to governmental entities (e.g., sales tax and other indirect taxes). The Company elected to not disclose information about the remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.

In some of its contracts, the Company provides assurance type warranty services to its customers, in accordance with legal provisions or industry standards to ensure the quality of the products. As such, the Company recognizes a provision for warranties in its financial statements as applicable.

Income taxes

We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes”. This topic prescribes the use of the liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liability account balances are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. We provide full valuation allowance, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

We implemented a two-step approach to recognize and measure uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that, on an evaluation of the technical merits, the tax position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% (cumulative basis) likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement.

We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions on the income tax expense line in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included on the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance sheet.

Recently adopted accounting standards

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures , which requires disaggregated information about the effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The guidance is effective for the Company for annual periods beginning January 1, 2025. The Company adopted this guidance for the year ended December 31, 2025 on a prospective basis.

Recently issued accounting standards

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40), Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses , which requires disclosure of disaggregated information about certain expense captions presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as well as disclosure about selling expense. The guidance will be effective for the Company for annual periods beginning January 1, 2027 and interim periods beginning January 1, 2028, with early adoption permitted. It could be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its financial statement disclosures.

In July 2025, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-05, “Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets” (“ASU 2025-05”), which provides a practical expedient for estimating expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets. ASU 2025-05 will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025 and interim periods within those annual reporting periods and should be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2025-05 on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40):Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, to modernize the accounting for costs related to internal-use software and better align it with current software development practices. The amended guidance removes references to project stages and clarifies when entities are required to begin capitalizing eligible costs. This guidance will be effective for the Company for annual periods beginning January 1, 2028, with early adoption permitted. The guidance may be applied prospectively, retrospectively, or using a modified prospective transition method. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-03, Business Combinations (Topic 805) and Consolidation (Topic 810): Determining the Accounting Acquirer in the Acquisition of a Variable Interest Entity, which clarifies current guidance for determining the accounting acquirer for a transaction effected primarily by exchanging equity interests in which the legal acquiree is a variable interest entity that meets the definition of a business. ASU 2025-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

Results of Operations

Year Ended December 31, 2025, Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2024

Revenues. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, revenues were approximately $2,553 and $2,558, respectively, representing a decrease of approximately $5, or 0.2%, year over year. The decrease was primarily attributable to the removal of PainShield Ultra from the market, partially offset by revenues generated from ENvue systems, as well as continued revenues from Veterans Administration facilities and workers’ compensation programs and sales through certain sales representatives and our largest direct medical equipment distributor. Revenues may fluctuate as new customers are added or when existing distributors or customers place large orders in one period and not in another.

For the year ended December 31, 2025, the percentage of revenues attributable to our products was: PainShield and monthly kits 73%– Envue system and tubes 27%. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the percentage of revenues attributable to our products was: PainShield and monthly kits – 99% and UroShield – 1%. For the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, the portion of our revenues that was derived from our largest direct medical equipment distributor, were 31% and 36%, respectively.

Gross Profit . For the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, gross profit was approximately $153 and $1,508, respectively, a decrease of approximately 90% or $1,355. Gross margin was also significantly impacted, declining primarily due to the removal of PainShield Ultra from the market, which historically generated higher margins, as well as inventory write-downs associated with PainShield Ultra. In addition, amortization expense related to intangible assets recognized in connection with the ENvue merger, which is recorded within cost of goods sold, further contributed to the decline in gross margin.

Gross profit as a percentage of revenues were approximately 6% and 59% for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of revenues is mainly due to the reasons described above.

Research and Development Expenses . For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, research and development expenses were approximately $1,762 and $909, respectively, representing an increase of approximately $853, or 94%. The increase was primarily attributable to additional costs related to new intellectual property and patent activities, increased quality assurance and regulatory audit efforts associated with the ENvue system, along with continued expenses related to product development activities.

Research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues were approximately 69% and 36% for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively.

Our research and development expenses consist mainly of expenses related to subcontracting research and development and clinical trial activities, as well as payroll expenses to employees, and the associated facilities’ costs, who are involved with research and development activities.

Selling and Marketing Expenses . For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, selling and marketing expenses were approximately $2,493 and $720, respectively, representing an increase of approximately $1,773, or 246%. The increase was primarily attributable to amortization expense related to intangible assets recognized in connection with the purchase price allocation, as well as higher consulting fees and travel costs associated with system reactivation, new installations, commercialization activities, and rebranding efforts for the ENvue system.

Selling and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues were approximately 98% and 28% for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively.

Selling and marketing expenses consist mainly of payroll expenses to direct sales and marketing employees, travel expenses, conventions, advertising and marketing expenses, rent and facilities expenses associated with and allocated to selling and marketing activities.

General and Administrative Expenses . For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, general and administrative expenses were approximately $7,633 and $3,461, respectively, representing an increase of approximately $4,172, or 121%. The increase was primarily attributable to higher legal fees related to securities matters, merger-related expenses, and litigation, as well as increased accounting and professional consulting fees incurred in connection with the business combination, severance costs associated with former executive management and termination costs with former board members.

Our general and administrative expenses consist mainly of payroll expenses for management and administrative employees, stock-based compensation expenses, accounting, legal and facilities expenses associated with general and administrative activities and costs associated with being a publicly traded company.

General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues were approximately 299% and 135% for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Impairment Expense. For the year ended December 31, 2025, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of approximately $11,154 related to goodwill and intangible assets associated with the ENvue reporting unit, consisting of approximately $10,509 related to goodwill and $645 related to intangible assets. The impairment resulted from our annual impairment assessment, during which the estimated fair value of the reporting unit and certain long-lived assets was determined to be below their respective carrying values.

Financial income (expense). For the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, financial income (expense), net was income of approximately $4,397 and expense of approximately $(104), respectively. This was primarily driven by a gain of approximately $6,204 related to the change in fair value of warrant liabilities that was partially offset by warrant liability issuance expenses of $1,418, and interest expense of $288 related to the Company’s loan.

Income tax expense. F or the year ended December 31, 2025, our income tax benefit was approximately $307. For the year ended December 31, 2024, our income tax expense was approximately $19. For 2025 and 2024 we recorded tax expense at our Israeli subsidiary based on the appropriate tax rate and in addition for 2025 we recorded a change in the valuation allowance

Net Loss . Our net loss increased by approximately $14,480 or 391%, to approximately $18,185 for the year ended December 31, 2025, from approximately $3,705 during the same period in 2024. The increase in net loss resulted primarily from the factors described above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have incurred net losses of approximately $18,185 during the year ended December 31, 2025. We also had negative cash flow from operating activities of $9,372 for the year ended December 31, 2025. Although we had a cash balance of just over $4,254 as of December 31, 2025, we expect to continue to incur losses and negative cash flows from operating activities, and therefore, we do not have sufficient resources to fund our operation for the next twelve months from the date of this filing causing us to have substantial doubt of our ability to continue as a going concern. We will need to continue to raise additional capital to finance its losses and negative cash flows from operations beyond the next years and may continue to be dependent on additional capital raising as long as our products do not reach commercial profitability.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, we met our short-term liquidity requirements from our existing cash reserves and equity financings. Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of our available funds will depend on many factors, including our ability to successfully commercialize our products, advance development of new products, and respond to evolving technological and market conditions. We expect to continue to incur losses and negative cash flows from operations.

We intend to fund our operations through a combination of equity financings and potential strategic alliances with third parties. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to raise additional capital, when needed, on terms favorable to us, or at all.

We do not have any material commitments to capital expenditures as of December 31, 2025, and we are not aware of any material trends in capital resources that would impact our business.

As of December 31, 2025, we have no off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements, obligations (including contingent obligations), or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons that have, or may have, a material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

September 2025 Registered Direct Offering

On September 16, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with a single institutional investor, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell (i) 74,114 shares of common stock, and (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 217,090 shares of common stock in a registered direct offering for $2.04 million, pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (the “September 2025 Registered Direct Offering”). The offering price was $7.01 per share of common stock and $7.009 per pre-funded warrant, which was the price of each share of common stock sold, minus the nominal $0.001 exercise price per pre-funded warrant. The net proceeds from the September 2025 Registered Direct Offering were approximately $1.88 million, after deducting placement agent fees of $163.

July 2025 Private Placement of Series H Preferred Stock

On July 18, 2025, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Series H Purchase Agreement”) with a certain institutional investor (the “Series H Investor”), pursuant to which we agreed to sell to the Series H Investor (i) an aggregate of 8,889 shares of our newly-designated Series H Convertible Preferred Stock, with a par value of $0.001 per share and a stated value of $1,000 per share, initially convertible into up to 880,099 shares of our common stock, at an initial conversion price of $10.10 per share (the “Series H Preferred Stock”) pursuant to the Certificate of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of the Series H Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series H Certificate of Designations”) and (ii) warrants to acquire up to an aggregate of 467,836 shares of common stock (the “Series H Warrants”) at an exercise price of $22.50 (such closing, the “July 2025 Initial Closing”).

Pursuant to the terms of the Series H Purchase Agreement, we also agreed to issued 2,222 shares of Series H Preferred Stock with a total stated value of $2,222 in a second closing and warrants to acquire up to an aggregate of 116,960 shares of common stock the Series H Warrants at an exercise price of $22.50 (such closing, the “Series H Second Closing”), subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. Additionally, pursuant to the terms of the Series H Purchase Agreement, we have agreed that during the period ending 36 months from the effective date of the registration statement (the “Series H Resale Registration Statement”) registering the resale of the shares of common stock underlying the Series H Preferred Stock and the Series H Warrants, the Series H Investor shall have the right, but no obligation, upon notice to us from time to time, to purchase up to an aggregate of $44,000 stated value (representing 44,000 shares of Series H Preferred Stock and $39,600 of subscription amount) of additional Series H Preferred Stock.

The Series H Initial Closing occurred on July 22, 2025, and the Series H Second Closing of the private placement occurred October 30, 2025. The aggregate net proceeds from the Private Placement of Series H Preferred Stock was $9 million, after deducting placement agent fees and other offering expenses payable by the Company of $958.

On January 30, 2026, we entered into that certain Amendment Agreement (the “Series H Amendment Agreement”) with the Required Holders (as defined in the Series H Amendment Agreement). Pursuant to the Series H Amendment Agreement, the Required Holders agreed to amend the Series H Certificate of Designations by filing a Certificate of Amendment (the “Series H Certificate of Amendment”) to the Series H Certificate of Designations with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware to remove the Floor Price (as defined in the Series H Certificate of Designations) in consideration of the holders of the Series H Preferred Stock exercising $2,500,000 of the Additional Investment Right (as such concept is described in the Series H Purchase Agreement by and between us and the holders of the Series H Preferred Stock.

May 2025 Underwritten Public Offering, Series G Convertible Preferred Stock

On May 16, 2025, we announced the closing of an underwritten public offering (the “2025 Underwritten Offering”) of 40,000 shares of our Series G Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series G Preferred Stock”), with a par value $0.01 per share and a stated value equal to $25, and warrants to purchase up to 490,198 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share at an exercise price of $20.40 per share (the “May 2025 Warrants”). The combined public offering price of each share of Series G Preferred Stock together with an accompanying May 2025 Warrant was $25. The May 2025 Warrants have a term of five years from the initial issuance date and are exercisable immediately upon issuance. We also issued to Dawson James Securities, Inc. warrants (the “May 2025 Representative’s Warrants”) to purchase up to 24,510 shares of common stock the May 2025 Representative’s Warrants expire five years from the date of commencement of sales in the 2025 Underwritten Offering.

Pursuant to the terms of the Series G Certificate of Designations, the holders of the Series G Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative dividends at the rate per share of 9% per annum of the stated value per share until the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance of the Series G Preferred Stock, which such dividends may be paid, at our option, in up to an aggregate of 220,588 shares of common stock. The Series G holder may convert at any time and receive the full amount of dividends.

The aggregate net proceeds of the 2025 Underwritten Offering were approximately $8.2 million, after deducting approximately $1.8 million of underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering costs and expenses.

April 2025 Promissory Note and Guaranty

On April 11, 2025, we issued a promissory note (the “April Note”) to Alpha (“Alpha” in the principal amount of $360 (the “April Note Principal Amount”), together with all accrued interest thereon. The April Note has a maturity date of June 11, 2025 (the “April Note Maturity Date”) and on the April Note Maturity Date, the aggregate unpaid April Note Principal Amount, all accrued and unpaid interest and all other amounts payable under the April Note shall be due and payable. The April Note bore interest at an annual rate equal to 8.0% and was payable “in kind” by adding such accrued interest to the April Note Principal Amount. On May 19, 2025, we paid the April Note in full using proceeds from the 2025 Underwritten Offering, pursuant to the terms of the April Note.

Summary of Cash Flow

General . As of December 31, 2025, we had cash of approximately $4,241, net compared to approximately $752 as of December 31, 2024. We have historically met our cash needs through a combination of issuance of equity, borrowing activities and sales. Our cash requirements are generally for product development, research and development costs, marketing and sales activities, general and administrative costs, capital expenditures and general working capital.

Cash used in our operating activities was approximately $9,372 for the years ended December 31, 2025, and approximately $2,516 for the same period in 2024. The increase in net cash used in operating activities of approximately $8,330 was primarily attributable to non-cash charges, including goodwill and intangible asset impairment, issuance costs allocated to warrant liabilities, depreciation and amortization, and non-cash interest expense, partially offset by a gain related to the change in fair value of warrant liabilities and a benefit from deferred taxes.

Cash provided by (used in) our investing activities was approximately $148 and ($3) for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively, from cash acquired in the ENvue Merger and purchases of fixed assets.

Cash provided by financing activities during the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, was approximately $12,786 and $1, respectively, which was primarily composed of net proceeds received from the issuance of common stock and preferred stock and warrants. Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of available funds will depend on many factors, including our ability to successfully commercialize our products, our development of future products and competing technological and market developments.

Factors That May Affect Future Operations

We believe that our future operating results will continue to be subject to quarterly variability based on a number of factors, including the ordering patterns of our distributors, the timing of regulatory approvals, the progress and implementation of clinical trials, and manufacturing efficiencies associated with the adoption of new materials and equipment.

Our operating results may also be impacted by geopolitical developments, including hostilities in Israel and the broader Middle East, which could disrupt trade, impact our ability to ship products, or affect our operations and those of our partners. In addition, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, including a weakening of the Euro or strengthening of the New Israeli Shekel against the U.S. dollar, may adversely affect our results of operations.

More broadly, macroeconomic conditions, including changes in reimbursement policies and healthcare spending in the markets in which we operate, may impact customer demand for our products.