ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis of Mirion’s financial condition and results of operations together with the consolidated financial statements and related notes of Mirion Technologies, Inc. that are included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under the section entitled “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” or in other parts of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Please also see the section entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this section to “we,” “us,” “our,” “Mirion” and “the Company” refer to the business and operations of Mirion and its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless the context otherwise requires or unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts in this section are in millions.
Overview
We are a global provider of products, services, and software that allow our customers to safely leverage the power of ionizing radiation for the greater good of humanity through critical applications in the nuclear, medical and defense markets, as well as laboratories, scientific research, analysis, and space exploration.
Nuclear power plant product offerings are used for the full nuclear power plant lifecycle including core detectors, essential measurement devices and security systems for new build, maintenance, decontamination and decommission, and equipment for monitoring and control during fuel dismantling and remote environmental monitoring. We provide dosimetry solutions for monitoring the total amount of radiation medical staff members are exposed to over time, radiation therapy quality assurance solutions for calibrating and verifying imaging and treatment accuracy, and radionuclide therapy products for nuclear medicine applications such as product handling, medical imaging furniture, and rehabilitation products. We provide robust, field-ready personal radiation detection and identification equipment for defense applications and radiation detection and analysis tools for power plants, labs, and research applications.
We manage and report results of operations in two business segments: Nuclear & Safety and Medical.
• Our revenues were $925.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, of which 66.4% and 33.6% were generated in the Nuclear & Safety segment and the Medical segment, respectively. Revenues were $860.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, of which 65.2% and 34.8% were generated in the Nuclear & Safety and the Medical segment, respectively. Revenues were $800.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, of which 64.5% and 35.5% were generated in the Nuclear & Safety segment and the Medical segment, respectively.
• Remaining performance obligations (representing committed but undelivered contracts and purchase orders) were $1,104.3 million and $811.9 million as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Key Factors Affecting Our Performance
We believe that our business and results of operations and financial condition may be impacted in the future by various trends, conditions and risks. The Board has overall oversight responsibility for our risk management. During 2024, the Company initiated a formal Enterprise Risk Management program ("ERM") where management and Internal Audit provide updates to the Board. These discussions include identification and scoring of key business risks and management’s plans and progress to address identified focus areas.
The following key factors affecting our performance have included, and we anticipate they will continue to affect our future results:
• Nuclear power end market trends —Growth and operating results in our Nuclear & Safety segment are impacted by:
• Our products are installed at the vast majority of addressable active nuclear power reactors globally, creating full lifecycle sales opportunities. This installed base drives recurring revenue through replacement and service cycles associated with our offerings and the typical 40 to 100 year operating life cycle of an NPP;
• The emerging megatrends surrounding the power demands of data centers, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence that can be served by Nuclear;
• Increased government and industry acceptance of Nuclear as a) a clean energy source, and b) a viable option for domestic energy production in efforts to rely less on international imports; and
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• Decisions by governments to build new power plants or decommission existing plants can positively and negatively impact our customer base.
• Medical end market trends —Growth and operating results in our Medical segment are impacted by:
• Medical radiation therapy quality assurance (“RT QA”) growth driven by growing and aging population demographics, low penetration of RT QA technology in emerging markets, and increased adoption of advanced software and hardware solutions for improved outcomes and administrative and labor efficiencies;
• Changes to global regulatory standards, including new or expanded standards;
• Increased focus on healthcare safety;
• Medical/lab dosimetry growth supported by growing and aging demographics, increased number of healthcare professionals, and penetration of radiation therapy/diagnostics;
• Changes to healthcare reimbursement; and
• Potential budget constraints in hospitals and other healthcare providers.
• Nuclear new build projects —A portion of our remaining performance obligations is driven by contracts associated with the construction of new nuclear power plants. These contracts can be long-term in nature and provide us with a strong pipeline for the recognition of future revenues in our Nuclear & Safety segment. We perform our services and provide our products at a fixed price for certain contracts. Fixed-price contracts carry inherent risks, including risks of losses from underestimating costs, operational difficulties and other changes that may occur over the contract period. If our cost estimates for a contract are inaccurate or if we do not execute the contract within our cost estimates, we may incur losses or the contract may not be as profitable as we expected. In addition, even though some of our longer-term contracts contain price escalation provisions, such provisions may not fully provide for cost increases, whether from inflation, the cost of goods and services to be delivered under such contracts or otherwise.
• Geopolitical and Trade Conditions —Geopolitical and trade conditions, including related to matters affecting Russia, the relationships between the United States and China, and conflict in the Middle East and risks related to tariffs and global trade relations, export controls and other trade barriers have impacted and may continue to impact us, through increased inflation, limited availability of certain commodities, supply chain disruption, disruptions to our global technology infrastructure. including cyberattacks, increased terrorist activities, volatility or disruption in the capital markets, and delays or cancellations of customer projects.
• Inflation and Interest Rates— We continue to actively monitor, evaluate and respond to developments relating to operational challenges in the current inflationary environment. Global supply chain disruptions and the higher inflationary environment remain unpredictable and our past results may not be indicative of future performance. In addition, the increase in interest rates has in turn led to increases in the interest rates applicable to our indebtedness and increased our debt service costs.
• Sanctions— There are, at any given time, a multitude of ongoing or threatened armed conflicts around the world. As one example, sanctions by the United States, the European Union, and other countries against Russian entities or individuals related to the Russia-Ukraine conflict, along with any Russian retaliatory measures could increase our costs, adversely affect out operations, or impact our ability to meet existing contractual obligations.
• Strategic transactions —A large driver of our historical growth has been the acquisition and integration of related businesses. Our ability to integrate, restructure, and leverage synergies of these businesses will impact our operating results over time. From time to time we also divest businesses which could also impact our operating results.
• Environmental objectives of governments —Growth and operating results in our Nuclear & Safety segment are impacted by environmental policy decisions made by governments in the countries where we operate. Our nuclear power customers may benefit from decarbonization efforts given the relatively low carbon footprint of nuclear power to other existing energy sources.
• Government budgets —While we believe that we are poised for growth from governmental customers in both of our segments, our revenues and cash flows from government customers are influenced, particularly in the short-term, by budgetary cycles. This impact can be either positive or negative.
• Research and development —A portion of our operating expenses is associated with research and development activities associated with the design of new products. Given the specific design and application of these products, there is some risk that these costs will not result in successful products in the market. Further, the timing of these products can move and be challenging to predict.
• Financial risks —Our business and financial statements can be adversely affected by foreign currency exchange rates, changes in interest rates, recognition of impairment charges for our goodwill or other intangible assets and fluctuations in the cost and availability of commodities.
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• Global risk, including tariffs— Our business depends in part on operations and sales outside the United States. Risks related to those international operations and sales include new foreign investment laws, new export/import regulations, global trade relations and additional trade restrictions (such as tariffs, sanctions, and embargoes). New laws that favor local competitors could prevent our ability to compete outside the United States. Additional potential issues are associated with the impact of these same risks on our suppliers and customers. If our customers or suppliers are impacted by these risk factors, we may see the reduction or cancellation of customer orders, or interruptions in raw materials and components.
• Tax risks— Our business and financial statements can be adversely affected by changes in tax rates or exposure to tax liabilities/assessments:
• Our effective tax rate could be impacted by changes in tax laws;
• Audits or assessments by tax authorities could result in additional tax payments for prior periods;
• Foreign remittance taxes have not been provided on undistributed earnings of certain of our non-US subsidiaries to the extent such earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested in operations. Changes in our intentions regarding reinvestment of such earnings could impact our income tax provision, cash taxes paid and effective tax rate; and
• The OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) has proposed a global minimum tax of 15% of reported profits (Pillar Two) and many countries have incorporated Pillar Two model rule concepts into their domestic laws. Pillar Two legislation is effective for the Company for the year ended December 31, 2025. Although the model rules provide a framework for applying the minimum tax, countries may enact Pillar Two slightly differently than the model rules and on different timelines. While we expect the impact to be immaterial, Pillar Two could impact our cash taxes paid and effective tax rate.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We report our financial results in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. (“GAAP”). However, management believes certain non-GAAP financial measures provide investors and other users with additional meaningful information that should be considered when assessing our ongoing performance. Management also uses these non-GAAP financial measures in making financial, operating, and planning decisions, and in evaluating our performance. Non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative for, our GAAP results. The non-GAAP financial measures we present may differ from similarly captioned measures presented by other companies. Investors are encouraged to review the related GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.
We use the non-GAAP financial measures “EBITA,” “EBITDA,” and “Adjusted EBITDA.” “Adjusted EBITDA" is used in the calculation of the First Lien Net Leverage Ratio in the 2021 Credit Agreement described in Note 8, Borrowings. See the “Results of Operations” sections below for definitions of our non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliation to their most directly comparable GAAP measures. Tax impacts for the non-GAAP financial measures are calculated based on the appropriate tax rate for each individual item presented.
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The following table presents a reconciliation of certain non-GAAP financial measures for the years ended December 31, 2025, December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023.
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2025
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Net income (loss)
Interest expense, net
Income tax expense (benefit)
Amortization
EBITA
Depreciation
EBITDA
Stock-based compensation expense
Increase in fair value of warrant liabilities
Loss on debt extinguishment and other related costs
Foreign currency (gain) loss, net
Non-operating expenses (1)(2)(3)(4)
Adjusted EBITDA
(1) Non-operating expenses relate to costs that are nonrecurring in nature in our operations and are further described below.
(2) Pre-tax non-operating expenses of $23.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, include $15.7 million of mergers and acquisitions costs associated with our acquisitions of Paragon and Certrec; $2.9 million of restructuring and other related costs; $1.9 million of consulting costs related to Nuclear & Safety segment enterprise resource planning implementations which were substantially completed as of December 31, 2025; $1.3 million of one-time consulting fees related to IT services sourcing excellence; and a $1.0 million asset impairment of an equity investment (100% impairment).
(3) Pre-tax non-operating expenses of $12.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, include $5.5 million of restructuring related costs primarily from the closure of our Middleton, WI facility, $4.1 million in costs for one time set-up and integration for operational initiatives of which $3.6 million related to one-time set-up fees of our global procurement office, $2.4 million of information technology system set-up costs for our Radiation Therapy and Nuclear Medicine divisions which was substantially completed as of December 31, 2024, and $1.9 million related to mergers and acquisition expenses of which $1.4 million was for a one-time employee retention. Offsetting these items was a $1.2 million gain on the disposals of Rehab business.
(4) Pre-tax non-operating expenses of $17.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, include a $5.9 million loss on disposal of Rehab business, net of gain on lease termination, $4.2 million related to mergers and acquisition expenses, $1.8 million of information technology system set-up costs to support public company requirements, $1.7 million in costs for one time set-up and integration for operational initiatives, $1.6 million of restructuring costs, $1.0 million secondary offering fees incurred pursuant to our registration rights agreement in connection with offerings by one of our former investors, and $0.8 million related to incremental one-time costs associated with becoming a public company.
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The following tables present reconciliations of non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA by segment for the years ended December 31, 2025, December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023.
Year Ended December 31, 2025
(In millions)
Nuclear & Safety
Medical
Corporate & Other
Consolidated
Income (loss) from operations
Amortization
Depreciation
Stock-based compensation
Non-operating expenses
Other income / expense
Adjusted EBITDA
Year Ended December 31, 2024
(In millions)
Nuclear & Safety
Medical
Corporate & Other
Consolidated
Income (loss) from operations
Amortization
Depreciation
Stock-based compensation
Non-operating expenses
Other income / expense
Adjusted EBITDA
Year Ended December 31, 2023
(In millions)
Nuclear & Safety
Medical
Corporate & Other
Consolidated
Income (loss) from operations
Amortization
Depreciation
Stock-based compensation
Non-operating expenses
Other income / expense
Adjusted EBITDA
Our Business Segments
We manage and report our business in two business segments: Nuclear & Safety and Medical.
Nuclear & Safety includes products and services focused on addressing critical radiation safety, measurement and analysis applications across nuclear energy, laboratories and research and other industrial markets such as defense. For Nuclear Power Plants (“NPPs”), we sell products and services for use at any stage of their life (construction, operation, decommissioning and dismantling), with NPPs representing the majority of our sales into the nuclear end market.
Medical includes products and services for radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and personal dosimetry. This segment’s principal product offering is in Radiation Therapy Quality Assurance, which includes solutions for calibrating and/or verifying imaging, treatment machine, patient treatment plan, and patient treatment accuracy. The advancing field of Nuclear Medicine is also served by this market including products for radiation measurement, product handling, and medical imaging, inclusive of software across the radiopharmaceutical lifecycle. Dosimetry solutions monitoring the total amount of radiation medical staff members are exposed to over time.
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Recent Developments in 2025
May 2025 Convertible Notes Offering
On May 23, 2025, the Company completed a private offering of $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2030 (the “2030 Notes”), which included the initial purchasers' exercise in full of their option to purchase additional 2030 Notes. The Notes have a maturity date of June 1, 2030. Refer to discussion included within Liquidity and Capital Resources for more details.
June 2025 Term Loan Refinancing
The Company's 2021 Credit Agreement provides for an $830.0 million senior secure first lien term loan facility (initially scheduled to mature in October 2028). On June 5, 2025, the Company utilized funds from the offering of the 2030 Notes completed on May 23, 2025 to repay $244.6 million in outstanding principal and $8.3 million in accrued interest as well as extend the maturity date of the term loan to June 5, 2032. There were no other changes to the terms of the Credit Facilities as a result of the refinancing. The change was accounted for prospectively as a partial debt extinguishment in accordance with ASC 470-50, Debt - Modifications and Extinguishments . Refer to discussion included within Liquidity and Capital Resources for more details.
Certrec Acquisition
On July 31, 2025, Mirion acquired 100% of the equity interest of Certrec for $82.9 million of purchase consideration ($80.6 million net of cash), subject to final closing statement balances. As part of the Nuclear & Safety segment, Certrec is a leading supplier of regulatory compliance and digital integration solutions for the energy industry. Mirion management believes the Certrec business will be pivotal in expanding our offerings in the nuclear power market and further strengthen the development of our digital ecosystem.
September 2025 Class A Common Stock Offering, September 2025 Convertible Notes Offering, and Agreement to Purchase Paragon Energy Solutions
On September 30, 2025, the Company completed a public offering of 19,906,322 shares of Mirion's Class A common stock at a public offering price of $21.35 per share, including the underwriters' exercise in full of their option to purchase additional shares. Additionally, on September 30, 2025, the Company completed a private offering of $375.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2031, including the initial purchasers’ exercise in full of their option to purchase additional Notes (the “2031 Notes” and, together with the 2030 Notes, the “Convertible Notes). The Notes have a maturity date of October 1, 2031. The Company used the net proceeds from the Class A common stock offering, together with the net proceeds from the offering of 2031 Notes, to fund the acquisition of all of the outstanding membership interests of WCI-Gigawatt Intermediate Holdco, LLC, as the indirect parent of Paragon Energy Solutions, LLC, for approximately $585.0 million pursuant to the equity purchase agreement signed September 24, 2025. Remaining funds from the offerings will be used for general corporate purposes and working capital. Refer to discussion included within Liquidity and Capital Resources for more details.
Paragon Acquisition
On December 1, 2025, Mirion acquired 100% of the outstanding membership interest of WCI-Gigawatt Intermediate Holdco, LLC, the indirect parent of Paragon Energy Solutions, LLC (“Paragon”) for $588.4 million of gross purchase consideration ($581.3 million, net of cash and net working capital adjustment), subject to final closing statement balances. As part of the Nuclear & Safety segment, Paragon is a leading provider of highly engineered solutions for large-scale nuclear power plants and small modular reactors (SMRs) in the United States. Mirion management believes that Paragon will provide Mirion's nuclear power customers with a more comprehensive suite of product offerings and services to meet their growing needs. Additionally, the addition of Paragon significantly enhances our presence in the U.S. nuclear power market and the developing SMR commercial entrants.
Russia and Ukraine
The United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom and other governments have implemented major trade and financial sanctions against Russia and related parties in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. We do business with Russian customers both within and outside of Russia and with customers who have contracts with Russian counterparties. The conflict’s impact on the Company is predominantly in our Nuclear & Safety segment. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has approximately $15.8 million in net contract assets and accounts receivable for Russian customers and channel partners. The Company maintains $3.2 million in advance payment guarantees and $9.8 million in performance guarantees in support of these projects. The remaining performance obligations in our backlog for Russian-related projects
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were approximately $103.2 million at December 31, 2025. While we have not experienced significant impacts to our business results from these sanctions, the Company will continue to monitor the social, political, regulatory and economic environment in Ukraine and Russia, and will consider actions as appropriate.
Basis of Presentation
Financial information presented was derived from our historical consolidated financial statements and accounting records, and they reflect the historical financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the business in conformity with U.S. GAAP for financial statements and pursuant to the accounting and disclosure rules and regulations of the SEC. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned and majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries. For consolidated subsidiaries where our ownership is less than 100%, the portion of the net income or loss allocable to noncontrolling interests is reported as “Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests” in the consolidated statements of operations. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Results of Operations
Year ended December 31, 2025 compared to year ended December 31, 2024
(Dollars in millions)
Year Ended
December 31, 2025
Year Ended
December 31, 2024
Change
Change
Revenues
Cost of revenues
Gross profit
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Research and development
Gain on disposal of business
Income from operations
Interest expense, net
Loss on debt extinguishment
Foreign currency (gain) loss, net
Increase in fair value of warrant liabilities
Other expense (income), net
Income (loss) before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income (loss)
Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders
Overview
Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2025 were $925.4 million, an increase of $64.6 million, or 7.5%, from the prior year. Our Nuclear & Safety segment contributed $614.6 million and $561.1 million of revenues for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our Medical segment contributed $310.8 million and $299.7 million of revenues for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Gross profit was $438.6 million and $399.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, resulting in a $38.9 million increase from the prior year.
Net income (loss) was $29.8 million and $(36.6) million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our Nuclear & Safety segment was responsible for $101.1 million income from operations and $78.9 million income from operations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our Medical segment contributed $46.9 million income from operations and $22.3 million income from operations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The overall increase in net income is primarily driven by increased revenues in both Nuclear & Safety and Medical segments, decreased interest expense, a $17.4 million unrealized foreign currency gain as a result of fluctuations in
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the exchange rate between the US Dollar and the Euro in the current period, decreased amortization of intangible assets, and a $5.3 million decrease in the loss from fair value of warrant liabilities in the prior year that no longer impacts the current year. Partially offsetting these items were increased mergers and acquisition expenses, increased compensation costs in the current year, a $5.8 million loss on debt extinguishment in the current period, and increased depreciation expense.
Revenues
Revenues were $925.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $860.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, which represents a $64.6 million increase period over period.
Nuclear & Safety segment revenues increased $53.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the year ended December 31, 2024 primarily due to current period acquisitions, foreign exchange fluctuations, organic volume growth, and price increases.
Medical segment revenues increased $11.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the year ended December 31, 2024 primarily due to price increases, recovery from operational delays in the comparable prior period, foreign exchange fluctuations, and organic volume growth.
Cost of revenues
Cost of revenues was $486.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $461.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, which represents a $25.7 million increase period over period.
Cost of revenues related to the Nuclear & Safety segment increased $28.5 million period over period. The increase was primarily driven by increased costs of material and labor of $7.4 million, foreign exchange impacts of $7.3 million, costs related to current period acquisitions of $6.2 million, domestic volume growth of $4.7 million, and increased depreciation of $2.9 million.
Cost of revenues related to the Medical segment decreased $2.8 million period over period primarily due to favorable margins as a result of product mix in the current period, partially offset by inflationary impacts.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses were $348.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $341.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, resulting in an increase of $7.1 million.
Our Nuclear & Safety segment incurred higher SG&A expenses of $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the previous period. The increase was primarily driven by current period costs associated with mergers and acquisition as well as higher compensation costs in the current year, partially offset by decreased amortization expense resulting from fully amortized intangible assets.
Our Medical segment incurred lower SG&A expenses of $10.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the previous period. The decrease was primarily driven by lower amortization expense related to intangible assets.
Corporate SG&A expenses were $88.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $70.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The higher SG&A expenses of $17.3 million were driven by current period expenses associated with mergers and acquisitions and increased compensation costs, partially offset by decreased stock-based compensation expense and general corporate spend.
Research and development
Research and development (“R&D”) expenses were $38.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $35.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, resulting in an increase of $3.9 million. The increase in R&D expense was primarily due to increased compensation costs and deprecation expense for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024.
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Income from operations
Income from operations was $51.5 million and $24.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, representing an increase of $26.7 million. On a segment basis, income from operations in the Nuclear & Safety segment was $101.1 million and $78.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, representing an increase of $22.2 million. Income from operations in the Medical segment was $46.9 million and $22.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, representing an increase of $24.6 million. Corporate expenses were $96.5 million and $76.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, representing an increase in loss from operations of $20.1 million. See “Business segments” and “Corporate and other” below for further details.
Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net, was $30.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $51.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease in interest expense was attributable to decreased interest rates from the prior period, the $244.6 million decrease in the term loan balance as a result of the debt refinancing during the year ended December 31, 2025, the 0.25% interest rate negotiated on the $400.0 million offering of Convertible Senior Notes due 2030 completed during the year ended December 31, 2025, and additional interest earned on cash deposits in the current period. For more information, see Note 8, Borrowing s, Note 9, Convertible Debt , and Note 19, Derivatives and Hedging , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Foreign currency loss (gain), net
We recorded a gain of $17.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and a loss of $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 from foreign currency exchange. The change in net foreign currency loss (gain) is due primarily to fluctuations in European local currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar and the related impact on our intercompany loans.
Loss on debt extinguishment
Loss on debt extinguishment was $5.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, related to the refinancing of the term loan completed on June 5, 2025. See discussion in " Recent Developments - Term Loan Refinancing " for further details.
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities
We recognized a loss of $5.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we settled the Public Warrant and Private Placement Warrant liabilities in conjunction with the Public Warrant redemption and the Private Placement Warrant exchange. See Note 1, Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 17, Fair Value Measurements , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Income taxes
The effective income tax rate was 8.9% and (7.9)% for the year ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The difference in effective tax rate between the periods was primarily attributable to mix of earnings and valuation allowances.
The effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% due primarily to U.S. federal permanent differences and the impact of valuation allowances.
Business segments
The following provides detail for business segment results for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. Segment income from operations includes revenues of the segment less expenses that are directly related to those revenues but excludes certain charges to cost of revenues and SG&A expenses predominantly related to corporate costs, which are included in Corporate and Other in the table below. Interest expense, loss on debt extinguishment, foreign currency loss (gain), net, and other income, net, are not allocated to segments.
For reconciliations of segment revenues and operating income to our consolidated results, see Note 17, Segment Information , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Nuclear & Safety
(Dollars in millions)
December 31,
December 31,
Change
Change
Revenues
Income from operations
Income from operations as a % of revenues
Nuclear & Safety segment revenues were $614.6 million for year ended December 31, 2025 and $561.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, representing an increase of $53.5 million. The increase is primarily driven by $15.1 million in revenue from current year acquisitions, positive foreign exchange fluctuations of $13.9 million, $13.3 million in organic volume growth primarily from the Nuclear Power end market, and $11.2 million of price increases.
Income from operations was $101.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $78.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. Income from operations increased $22.2 million period over period driven primarily by the changes in revenues described above and $11.7 million in lower amortization expenses due to fully amortized intangible assets. Partially offsetting the increases in income from operations were the operating costs from the current year mergers and acquisitions of $10.6 million and increased stock compensation costs of $2.6 million.
Medical
(Dollars in millions)
December 31,
December 31,
Change
Change
Revenues
Income from operations
Income from operations as a % of revenues
Medical segment revenues were $310.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $299.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, which is an increase of $11.1 million. Revenues increased due to $6.0 million of price increases, $2.7 million of revenue recoveries from operational delays in the comparable prior period, $1.4 million of foreign exchange fluctuations, and $1.0 million in organic volume growth. Organic volume growth is down from the prior year as a result of softer demand within the cancer care end-market in certain geographies.
Income from operations was $46.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and loss from operations was $22.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, respectively, representing an increase in income from operations of $24.6 million. The increase in income from operations period over period was largely due to the increased revenues noted previously, improved margin mix, a reduction in amortization expense of $7.3 million, lower restructuring and related impairment costs of $3.4 million, and lower compensation costs of $1.6 million.
Corporate and other
Corporate and other costs include costs associated with our corporate headquarters located in Georgia, as well as centralized global functions including Executive, Finance, Legal and Compliance, Human Resources, Technology, Strategy, and Marketing and other costs related to company-wide initiatives.
Corporate and other costs were $96.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $76.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, which represents an increase in loss from operations of $20.1 million. The increase versus the comparable period was predominantly driven by one-time mergers and acquisition advisor expenses of $15.7 million and increased compensation costs of $6.2 million, partially offset by decreased stock compensation costs of $1.7 million (predominantly from lower incentive compensation) and other general corporate expenses.
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For the Year Ended December 31, 2024 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions)
Year Ended
December 31, 2024
Year Ended
December 31, 2023
Change
Change
Revenues
Cost of revenues
Gross profit
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Research and development
(Gain) loss on disposal of business
Income (loss) from operations
Interest expense, net
Loss on debt extinguishment
Foreign currency (gain)/loss, net
Increase in fair value of warrant liabilities
Other income, net
Loss before benefit from income taxes
Income tax expense (benefit)
Net loss
Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net loss attributable to stockholders
Overview
Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $860.8 million resulting in an increase of $59.9 million, or 7.5%, from the prior year. Our Medical segment contributed $299.7 million and $284.5 million of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our Nuclear & Safety segment contributed $561.1 million and $516.4 million of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Gross profit was $399.7 million and $356.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, resulting in a $43.3 million increase from the prior year.
Net loss was $36.6 million and $98.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our Medical segment contributed $22.3 million income from operations and $13.0 million income from operations for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our Nuclear & Safety segment was responsible for $78.9 million income from operations and $46.0 million income from operations for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The overall decrease in net loss is primarily driven by increased revenues in both Medical and Nuclear & Safety segments, decreased amortization expense in the current year, lower selling, general and administrative costs associated with reduced stock-based compensation expense, lower net interest expense of $5.8 million, and a $19.5 million change in the loss from fair value of warrant liabilities. Partially offsetting these items were higher provision for/lower benefit from income taxes in the current year, increased restructuring costs due to the closure of our Middleton facility, and higher costs associated with information technology systems implementations and our global procurement office establishment.
Revenues
Revenues were $860.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $800.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which represents a $59.9 million increase period over period. Revenues increased $15.6 million due to price increases, $41.0 million from volume growth, and $11.4 million due to the acquisition of the ec 2 business. Partially offsetting the increases were reduced revenues from China and Russia in our Medical segment by $4.7 million, and reduced revenues from the disposal of Rehab by $3.6 million.
Medical segment revenues increased $15.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the year ended December 31, 2023 primarily due to price increases, organic volume growth, and the current year impact of the ec 2 acquisition. Partially offsetting the increase in Medical segment revenues period over period were reduced revenues from China and Russia orders compared to the prior year and reduced revenues from the disposal of the Rehab business in the
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prior year (see Note 2, Business Combinations, Acquisitions, and Business Disposals, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K).
Nuclear & Safety segment revenues increased $44.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the year ended December 31, 2023 primarily due to price increases and organic volume growth, partially offset by projects execution timing.
Cost of revenues
Cost of revenues was $461.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $444.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which represents a $16.6 million increase period over period.
Cost of revenues related to the Medical segment increased $6.6 million period over period due to an increase in cost of revenues due to higher operations from organic growth over the same period, increased depreciation, increased costs from the ec 2 acquisition, and inflation, partially offset by a reduction of cost of revenues from the disposal of Rehab (see Note 2, Business Combinations, Acquisitions, and Business Disposals, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K) and various cost productivity initiatives.
Cost of revenues related to the Nuclear & Safety segment increased $10.0 million period over period. The increase was primarily driven by increased revenues over the same period and inflation, partially offset by a positive product mix from higher margin projects and products in the current year, projects execution timing, and other cost saving initiatives.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses were $341.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $340.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, resulting in an increase of $1.0 million.
Our Medical segment incurred lower SG&A expenses of $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the previous period. The decrease was primarily due to decreased depreciation and amortization, bonus expenses in the current year, and lower SG&A expenses from the disposal of Rehab. Offsetting these increases were inflation, bad debt expense, higher SG&A associated with restructuring, and the impact from the ec 2 acquisition.
Our Nuclear & Safety segment incurred higher SG&A expenses of $0.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the previous period. The increase was primarily driven by increased compensation and facility costs due to inflation and higher headcount in the current year, partially offset by decreased amortization expense resulting from fully amortized intangible assets.
Corporate SG&A expenses were $70.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $70.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The higher SG&A expenses of $0.7 million were driven by a decrease in stock-based compensation expense under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan and Profit Interests (see Note 15, Stock-Based Compensation, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere this Annual Report on Form 10-K) and lower costs for mergers and acquisitions, partially offset by increased compensation costs, higher costs associated with information technology systems implementations and additional professional services associated with our global procurement office establishment.
Research and development
Research and development (“R&D”) expenses were $35.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $31.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, resulting in a increase of $3.3 million. The increase in R&D expense was primarily due to increased compensation costs (inflation and headcount) for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023.
(Gain) loss on disposal of business
(Gain) loss on disposal of business were $(1.2) million and $6.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to the sale of the Rehab business. For more information, see Note 2, Business Combinations, Acquisitions, and Business Disposals , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Income (loss) from operations
Income (loss) from operations were $24.8 million and $(21.9) million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, representing an increase of $46.7 million. On a segment basis, income from operations in the Medical segment were $22.3 million and $13.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, representing an increase of $9.3 million. Income from operations in the Nuclear & Safety segment were $78.9 million and $46.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, representing an increase of $32.9 million. Corporate expenses were $76.4 million and $80.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, representing a decrease in loss from operations of $4.5 million. See “Business segments” and “Corporate and other” below for further details.
Interest expense
Interest expense, net, was $51.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $57.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease in interest expense was due to the $127.3 million early debt repayment using proceeds from the $150.0 million T. Rowe Price direct investment in 2023, lower interest rates negotiated with the debt refinancing during the year ended December 31, 2024, lower SOFR rates compared to prior year, interest from derivatives, and additional interest earned on cash deposits in the current year. For more information, see Note 8, Borrowing s, and Note 19, Derivatives and Hedging , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Foreign currency (gain) loss, net
We recorded a loss of $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and a gain of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 from foreign currency exchange. The change in net foreign currency loss is due primarily to fluctuations in European local currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar.
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities
We recognized an unrealized loss of $5.3 million and $24.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, representing a $19.5 million reduction in loss period over period. This change is due to the settlement of the Public Warrant and Private Placement Warrant liabilities in conjunction with the warrants redemptions/exchange during the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. See Note 1, Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 18, Fair Value Measurements , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Income taxes
The effective income tax rate was (7.9)% and 6.3% for the year ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The difference in effective tax rate between the periods was primarily attributable to mix of earnings and valuation allowances.
The effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% due primarily to U.S. federal permanent differences and the impact of valuation allowances.
Business segments
The following provides detail for business segment results for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Segment income from operations includes revenues of the segment less expenses that are directly related to those revenues but excludes certain charges to cost of revenues and selling, general and administrative expenses predominantly related to corporate costs, which are included in Corporate and Other in the table below. Interest expense, loss on debt extinguishment, foreign currency loss (gain), net, and other expense (income), net, are not allocated to segments.
For reconciliations of segment revenues and operating income to our consolidated results, see Note 17, Segment Information , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Medical
(Dollars in millions)
December 31,
December 31,
Change
Change
Revenues
Income (loss) from operations
Income (loss) from operations as a % of revenues
Medical segment revenues were $299.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $284.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is an increase of $15.2 million. Revenues increased $12.1 million due to price increases and volume growth excluding China and Russia, and $11.4 million due to the acquisition of the ec 2 business. Partially offsetting the increase in the Medical segment revenues period over period were reduced revenues from the disposal of Rehab by $3.6 million and reduced revenues from China , due to increased regulation requirements, and Russia due to geopolitical impacts, compared to the prior year by $4.7 million.
Income from operations was $22.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and loss from operations was $13.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, respectively, representing an increase in income from operations of $9.3 million. The increase in income from operations period over period was largely due to the increased revenues noted previously, lower bonus expenses of $3.3 million, and a net impact from the ec 2 business of $1.9 million. Partially offsetting the increase in income were higher restructuring and related impairment costs of $4.2 million, and $0.9 million of additional bad debt expense in the current year.
Nuclear & Safety
(Dollars in millions)
December 31,
December 31,
Change
Change
Revenues
Income (loss) from operations
Income (loss) from operations as a % of revenues
Nuclear & Safety segment revenues were $561.1 million for year ended December 31, 2024 and $516.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, representing an increase of $44.7 million. The increase is primarily driven from price increases and volume growth.
Income from operations was $78.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $46.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Income from operations increased $32.9 million period over period driven primarily by the changes in revenues described above, improved gross margins due to a positive product mix compared to prior year, and $10.7 million in lower amortization expenses due to fully amortized intangible assets. Partially offsetting the increases in income from operations were increased compensation costs of $6.1 million and increased facility costs of $2.4 million (primarily utilities and repairs and maintenance costs).
Corporate and other
Corporate and other costs were $76.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $80.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which represents a decrease of $4.5 million. The decrease versus the comparable period was predominantly driven by a decrease in stock-based compensation expense of $7.3 million (see Note 15, Stock-Based Compensation, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K), and a $3.8 million reduction in mergers and acquisitions costs, offset by an increase of $3.1 million in compensation expenses, $1.5 million in informational technology systems implementation costs, and $3.0 million in professional services related to the establishment of our global procurement office. For reconciliations of segment operating income and corporate and other costs to our consolidated results, see Note 17, Segment Information , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview of Liquidity
Our primary future cash needs relate to working capital, operating activities, capital spending, strategic investments, and debt service.
Mirion management believes that net cash provided by operating activities, augmented by long-term debt arrangements, will provide adequate liquidity for the next 12 months of independent operations, as well as the resources necessary to invest for growth in existing businesses and manage its capital structure on a short- and long-term basis. Access to capital and availability of financing on acceptable terms in the future will be affected by many factors, including our credit rating, economic conditions, and the overall liquidity of capital markets. There can be no assurance of continued access to financing from the capital markets on acceptable terms or at all.
At December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $412.3 million and $175.2 million, respectively, in cash and cash equivalents, which include amounts held by entities outside of the United States of approximately $205.7 million and $131.9 million, respectively, primarily in Europe and Canada. Non-U.S. cash is generally available for repatriation without legal restrictions, subject to certain taxes, mainly withholding taxes. We are asserting indefinite reinvestment of cash for certain non-U.S. subsidiaries. The Company has alternative repatriation options other than dividends should the need arise. The 2021 Credit Agreement provides for up to $175.0 million of revolving borrowings. The amount available on the revolver as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was approximately $159.3 million and $72.1 million, respectively.
For information on our lease commitments and other commitments and contingencies, see Note 10, Leased Assets , and Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies , respectively, to the Consolidated Financial Statements, included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Debt Profile
2021 Credit Agreement
The Company maintains a credit agreement (the “2021 Credit Agreement”) among Mirion IntermediateCo Inc., a Delaware corporation, as Holdings, Mirion Technologies (US Holdings), Inc., as the Parent Borrower, Mirion Technologies (US), Inc., as the Subsidiary Borrower, the lending institutions party thereto, and Citibank, N.A., as the Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent.
The 2021 Credit Agreement provides for an $830.0 million senior secured first lien term loan facility and a $175.0 million senior secured revolving facility (collectively, the “Credit Facilities”). The term loan facility is scheduled to mature on June 5, 2032 and the revolving facility is scheduled to expire and mature on March 21, 2030 (subject to other terms and conditions). The agreement requires the payment of a commitment fee of 0.50% per annum for unused revolving commitments, subject to stepdowns to 0.375% per annum and 0.25% per annum upon the achievement of specified leverage ratios. Any outstanding letters of credit issued under the 2021 Credit Agreement reduce the availability under the revolving line of credit.
The 2021 Credit Agreement is secured by a first priority lien on the equity interests of the Parent Borrower owned by Holdings and substantially all of the assets (subject to customary exceptions) of the borrowers and the other guarantors thereunder. Interest with respect to the facilities is based on, at the option of the borrowers, (i) a customary base rate formula for borrowings in U.S. dollars or (ii) a floating rate formula based on London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) (with customary fallback provisions described below) for borrowings in U.S. dollars, a floating rate formula based on EURIBOR for borrowings in Euro or a floating rate formula based on SONIA for borrowings in Pounds Sterling, each as described in the 2021 Credit Agreement with respect to the applicable type of borrowing. The 2021 Credit Agreement includes fallback language that seeks to either facilitate an agreement with our lenders on a replacement rate for LIBOR in the event of its discontinuance or that automatically replaces LIBOR with benchmark rates based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") or other benchmark replacement rates upon triggering events.
On June 23, 2023, the 2021 Credit Agreement was amended, among other things, to replace the interest rate based on LIBOR and related LIBOR-based mechanics applicable to U.S. Dollar borrowings under the Credit Agreement with an interest rate based on SOFR (including, solely with respect to currently outstanding term loans, a customary spread adjustment of 0.11448%, 0.26161%, and 0.42826% for borrowing with interest periods of 1, 3, and 6 months, respectively) and related SOFR-based mechanics.
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The 2021 Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties as well as customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The negative covenants include, among others and in each case subject to certain thresholds and exceptions, limitations on incurrence of liens, limitations on incurrence of indebtedness, limitations on making dividends and other distributions, limitations on engaging in asset sales, limitations on making investments, and a financial covenant that the “First Lien Net Leverage Ratio” (as defined in the 2021 Credit Agreement) as of the end of any fiscal quarter is not greater than 7.00 to 1.00 if on the last day of such fiscal quarter certain borrowings outstanding under the revolving credit facility exceed 40% of the total revolving credit commitments at such time. The covenants also contain limitations on the activities of Mirion IntermediateCo, Inc. as the “passive” holding company. If any of the events of default occur and are not cured or waived, any amounts under the 2021 Credit Agreement may be declared immediately due and payable, the revolving credit commitments may be and remedies the collateral may be exercised. Mirion IntermediateCo, Inc. was in compliance with all debt covenants on December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Term Loan - The term loan initially had a seven-year term (expiring October 2028) and bore interest at the greater of LIBOR (through June 30, 2023) / SOFR (subsequent to June 30, 2023 through May 21, 2024) or 0.50%, plus 2.75%. On May 22, 2024, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 (“Amendment No. 3”) to the Credit Agreement. Amendment No. 3 reduced the applicable margin rate on the term loans from 2.75% to 2.25% and reduced the credit spread based upon rate term to 0%, with other terms and conditions remaining consistent (effectively the existing loan was refinanced). Amendment No. 3 was accounted for prospectively as a debt modification in accordance with ASC 470-50, Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments.
On June 5, 2025, the Company entered into Amendment No. 5 to the 2021 Credit Agreement ("Amendment No. 5"). Under Amendment No. 5, the Company utilized funds from the private offering of Convertible Senior Notes due 2030 completed on May 23, 2025 (see Note 9, Convertible Debt ) to repay $244.6 million in outstanding principal and $8.3 million in accrued interest as well as to extend the maturity date of the term loan to June 5, 2032 (collectively, the "June 2025 Refinancing"). The June 2025 Refinancing was accounted for as a partial extinguishment and partial modification of the term loan debt. The Company accounted for $244.6 million of the term loan principal as an extinguishment of debt; the remaining $450.0 million of principal was accounted for as a modification to the extent the principal holdings at the syndicated lender level remained unchanged. As a result, the Company recorded a loss on partial debt extinguishment of $5.8 million within the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the period ended December 31, 2025 attributed to the derecognition of a proportionate amount of unamortized deferred financing costs.
On December 8, 2025, the Company entered into Amendment No. 6 to the 2021 Credit Agreement ("Amendment No. 6"). Amendment No. 6 reduced the applicable margin rate on the term loans from 2.25% to 2.00%, with other terms and conditions remaining consistent (effectively the existing loan was refinanced). Amendment No. 6 was accounted for prospectively as a debt modification in accordance with ASC 470-50, Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments.
The interest rate was 5.78% and 6.85% as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Company repaid $244.6 million and zero for the period ended December 31, 2025, and the period ended December 31, 2024, respectively.
Revolving Line of Credit - The revolving line of credit arrangement initially had a five year term (expiring October 2026) and bore interest at the greater of LIBOR (through June 30, 2023) / SOFR (subsequent to June 2023) or 0%, plus 2.25%. The terms of the revolving line of credit were amended on March 21, 2025, through Amendment No. 4 to the 2021 Credit Agreement ("Amendment No. 4"). Under Amendment No. 4, revolving credit commitments from lenders increased from $90.0 million to $175.0 million, and the maturity date extended to March 21, 2030, subject to a "springing" maturity date that is 91 days prior to the maturity date of the outstanding term loan under the 2021 Credit Agreement (but only to the extent the outstanding principal amount of the term loan exceeds $100.0 million on the date of determination, and a final statement maturity date that is early than 91 days after March 21, 2030).
The 2021 Credit Agreement requires the payment of a commitment fee of 0.25% per annum for unused commitments. Any outstanding letters of credit reduce the availability of the revolving line of credit. There was no outstanding balance under the arrangement as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024. Additionally, the Company has standby letters of credit issued under its 2021 Credit Agreement that reduce the availability under the revolver of $15.7 million and $17.9 million as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively. The amount available on the revolver as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024 was approximately $159.3 million and $72.1 million, respectively.
Convertible Senior Notes due 2030
On May 23, 2025, the Company comple ted a private offering of $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2030, including the initial purchasers ’ exercise in full of their option to purchase additional Notes (the “2030 Notes ” ). The 2030 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated May 23, 2025 (the “May
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Indenture ” ). The May Indenture includes customary covenants and sets forth certain events of default after which the 2030 Notes may be declared immediately due and payable and sets forth certain types of bankruptcy or insolvency events of default involving the Company after which the outstanding principal and accrued interest of the 2030 Notes becomes automatically due and payable.
The 2030 Notes will mature on June 1, 2030, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased. The 2030 Notes will bear interest from May 23, 2025 at a rate of 0.25% per year payable semiannually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning on December 1, 2025. The 2030 Notes will be convertible at the option of the holders in certain circumstances discussed below. The 2030 Notes will be convertible into cash, shares of Mirion’s Class A common stock or a combination of cash and shares of Mirion’s Class A common stock, at the Company’s election.
The initial conversion rate is 43.2751 shares of Mirion’s Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2030 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $23.11 per share of Mirion's Class A common stock. The initial conversion price of the 2030 Notes represents a conversion premium of 32.5% to the last reported sale price of Mirion’s Class A common stock of $17.44 per share on May 20, 2025. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances in accordance with the terms of the May Indenture.
The Company may not redeem the 2030 Notes prior to June 6, 2028. The Company may redeem for cash 100% of the principal amount of the 2030 Notes being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest or any portion of the 2030 Notes, at its option, on or after June 6, 2028, but only if a certain liquidity condition has been satisfied and the last reported sale price of Mirion's Class A common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period. If the Company redeems less than all of the outstanding 2030 Notes, at least $100.0 aggregate principal amount of the 2030 Notes must be outstanding and not subject to redemption as of, and after giving effect to, delivery of the relevant redemption notice.
If the Company undergoes a fundamental change at any point, as defined in the May Indenture, then subject to certain conditions and limited exceptions, holders may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their 2030 Notes in principal amounts of $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2030 Notes to be repurchased plus accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, if specific corporate events occur prior to the maturity date or if the Company issues a notice of redemption, the Company will increase the conversion rate for holders who elect to convert their 2030 Notes in connection with such a corporate event. The conditions allowing holders of the 2030 Notes to convert were not met during the year ended December 31, 2025.
Convertible Senior Notes due 2031
On September 30, 2025, concurrently with an offering of Mirion's Class A common stock, the Company completed a private offering of $375.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2031, including the initial purchasers’ exercise in full of their option to purchase additional Notes (the “2031 Notes”). The 2031 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated September 30, 2025 (the “September Indenture”). The September Indenture includes customary covenants and sets forth certain events of default after which the 2031 Notes may be declared immediately due and payable and sets forth certain types of bankruptcy or insolvency events of default involving the Company after which the outstanding principal and any unpaid special interest of the 2031 Notes becomes automatically due and payable.
The 2031 Notes will mature on October 1, 2031, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased. The 2031 Notes will not bear regular interest, and the principal amount of the 2031 Notes will not accrete. Special interest will accrue on the 2031 Notes in the circumstances at the rates set forth within the September Indenture. The 2031 Notes will be convertible at the option of the holders in certain circumstances discussed below. The 2031 Notes will be convertible into cash, shares of Mirion’s Class A common stock or a combination of cash and shares of Mirion’s Class A common stock, at the Company’s election.
The initial conversion rate is 34.6951 shares of Mirion’s Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2031 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $28.82 per share of Mirion's Class A common stock. The initial conversion price of the 2031 Notes represents a conversion premium of 35.0% to the related public offering price per share of Mirion Class A common stock of $21.35 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances in accordance with the terms of the September Indenture.
The Company may not redeem the 2031 Notes prior to October 5, 2028. The Company may redeem for cash 100% of the principal amount of the 2031 Notes being redeemed plus any unpaid special interest or any portion of the 2031 Notes, at its option, on or after October 5, 2028, but only if a certain liquidity condition has been satisfied and the last reported sale price of Mirion's Class A common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period. If the Company redeems less than all of
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the outstanding 2031 Notes, at least $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2031 Notes must be outstanding and not subject to redemption as of, and after giving effect to, delivery of the relevant redemption notice.
If the Company undergoes a fundamental change at any point, as defined in the September Indenture, then subject to certain conditions and limited exceptions, holders may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their 2031 Notes in principal amounts of $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2031 Notes to be repurchased plus any unpaid special interest. In addition, if specific corporate events occur prior to the maturity date or if the Company issues a notice of redemption, the Company will increase the conversion rate for holders who elect to convert their 2031 Notes in connection with such a corporate event. The conditions allowing holders of the 2031 Notes to convert were not met during the year ended December 31, 2025.
Interest and Maturity
As of December 31, 2025, the 2030 Notes and 2031 Notes are classified as long-term liabilities, net of issuance costs of $12.4 million and $9.9 million, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2025, the net carrying amount of the 2030 Notes and 2031 Notes approximates fair value. As the 2030 Notes and 2031 Notes were not issued at a premium, no portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the 2030 Notes and 2031 Notes met the requirements to be accounted for separately as a component of stockholders’ equity. The 2030 Notes and 2031 Notes were issued at par, and costs associated with the issuance of the 2030 Notes and 2031 Notes are amortized to interest expense over the contractual term of the respective Notes. Interest expense (including amortization of deferred issuance costs) recognized related to the 2030 Notes and the 2031 Notes for the year ended December 31, 2025 was $2.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively. No special interest was recorded for the 2031 Notes during the year ended December 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2025, the effective interest rate of the 2030 Notes is 0.88%.
The net proceeds from the issuance of the 2030 Notes was approximately $387.7 million and was used as follows: $31.0 million to repurchase shares of Mirion’s Class A Common Stock, $44.6 million to pay the cost of Capped Call Transactions, $256.0 million to refinance the term loan (principal repayment, accrued interest and financing fees), and the balance for general corporate purposes and working capital.
The net proceeds from the issuance of the 2031 Notes was approximately $365.1 million and was received in conjunction with $409.7 million in net proceeds from the concurrent offering of Mirion's Class A common stock completed on September 30, 2025. The proceeds were used as follows: $581.3 million for the acquisition of the Paragon business, $38.0 million to pay the cost of Capped Call Transactions, and the balance for general corporate purposes and working capital.
For more discussion on the Company's debt profile, see Note 8, Borrowings , and Note 9, Convertible Debt , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Share Repurchase Program
In December 2024, we instituted a share repurchase program for up to $100 million of the currently outstanding shares of our Class A common stock, as approved by our Board of Directors. Under the share repurchase program, we intend to repurchase shares through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, block purchases and otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. We have repurchased 1.2 million shares under this program as of December 31, 2025 for $18.6 million.
Hedges
As a result of the Company’s European operations, we are exposed to fluctuations in exchange rates between the Euro and U.S. dollar (our functional currency). As such, we entered into cross-currency rate swaps during the year ended December 31, 2022, to manage currency risks related to foreign exchange in foreign operations. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company extended a cross-currency rate swap derivative by one-year (notional amount of 123.2 million euros). During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company extended the same cross-currency rate swap derivative by two years. The Company is also subject to interest rate risk related to the Credit Facilities. As such, we entered into an interest rate swap (notional amount of $75.0 million) during the year ended December 31, 2023, as well as an additional interest rate swap (notional amount of $100.0 million) during the year ended December 31, 2025 to mitigate the risk of adverse changes in benchmark interest rates on the Company's future interest payments (collectively, the "interest rate swaps").
The interest rate swaps are derivative financial instrument that have been designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. The changes in the fair values of the cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) and are reclassified into the line item in our Consolidated Statements of Operations in which the hedged items are recorded in the same period the hedged items affect earnings. The changes in the fair values of hedges that are determined to be ineffective
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are immediately reclassified from AOCL into earnings. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the interest rate swap resulted in a loss of $0.4 million recognized in other comprehensive income ("OCI"). Gains of $0.7 million were recognized in income through interest expense and reclassified from OCI during the same periods.
The cross-currency rate swaps are derivative financial instruments that have been designated and qualify as hedges of net investments in our foreign operations. Accordingly, the changes in the fair values of the swaps are recognized in net investment hedges adjustments, a component of AOCL, to offset the changes in the values of the net investments being hedged. Any ineffective portions of net investment hedges are reclassified from AOCL into earnings during the period of change. The following table summarizes the notional values and pretax impact of changes in the fair values of instruments designated as net investment hedges (in millions):
Notional Amount
Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCL
Year Ended December 31, 2025
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Year Ended December 31, 2023
December 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Cross-currency rate swaps
Total
For more discussion of the hedges of net investments and cash flows, see Note 18, Fair Value Measurement, and Note 19, Derivatives and Hedging , to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Cash Flows
(In millions)
Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2025
Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2024
Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2023
Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to year ended December 31, 2024
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Operating activities provided net cash of $143.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, as compared to net cash provided of $99.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was $44.2 million. The change is primarily due to an increase in net income of $66.4 million and $10.2 million from changes in various items in net working capital, partially offset by $19.6 million of foreign currency translation adjustments and $12.4 million from the decrease in depreciation and amortization expense.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $694.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to net cash used of $43.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase in net cash used of $650.9 million was driven primarily by the $581.3 million outflow for the acquisition of the Paragon business and the $80.6 million outflow for the acquisition of the Certrec business, partially offset by a $12.4 million decrease in capital expenditures related to purchases of badges and related software supporting our launch of the Instadose Vue product in the prior year.
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities
Net cash used provided by financing activities was $775.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to net cash used of $3.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase in net cash provided of $779.2 million primarily relates to the debt transactions described above in the Liquidity and Capital Resources section ($755.0 million from the issuance of convertible senior notes) and $409.7 million from the issuance of common stock net of issuance costs, offset by term loan principal repayments of $244.6 million, $82.6 million of purchases of capped calls
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related to convertible senior notes, and repurchases of Company stock for treasury and tax witholdings for vesting restricted stock units of $56.0 million.
Year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to year ended December 31, 2023
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Operating activities provided net cash of $99.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to net cash provided of $95.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was $3.9 million. The primary causes of the change were an improvement in net loss of $62.1 million, partially offset by a $19.5 million decrease in the loss from fair values of warrant liabilities which were redeemed during 2024, a $7.2 million decrease in loss on disposal of business related to the Rehab business, a $6.3 million decrease in stock compensation expense primarily due to the completed vesting of profit interests and a $26.1 million decrease in cash flows from operating assets and liabilities. The decrease in cash flows from operating assets and liabilities was primarily the result of a $42.1 million increase in contracts in progress (see Note 3, Contracts in Progress, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K) due to both an increased number of contracts and timing of milestone billing as compared to prior year, partially offset by an increased cash flow of $11.3 million in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities due to increased customer deposits for new contracts and other increased accrued liabilities (primarily bonus and income taxes) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $43.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to net cash used of $64.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease in net cash used of $21.0 million was driven primarily by the $31.4 million cash consideration paid for the purchase of ec 2 during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, offset by the $11.7 million increase in purchases of property, plant and equipment, primarily in support of our InstadoseVUE badge product introduction in our dosimetry services business and continued investment in digital products across both segments.
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to net cash provided of $22.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease in net cash provided of $25.9 million was primarily due to the $22.7 million change relating to the $150.0 million of gross proceeds received from the T. Rowe direct investment in the prior year partially offset by debt repayments made with those funds of $127.3 million.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses and related disclosures. Such estimates are based on historical experience and on various other factors that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these judgments and estimates under different assumptions or conditions and any such differences may be material. We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management's judgments and estimates.
Business Combinations
We account for business acquisitions in accordance with ASC 805, "Business Combinations." This standard requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction and establishes the acquisition date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Certain provisions of this standard prescribe, among other things, the determination of acquisition date fair value of consideration paid in a business combination (including contingent consideration) and the exclusion of transaction and acquisition-related restructuring costs from acquisition accounting.
The determination of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed involves assessments of factors such as the expected future cash flows associated with individual assets and liabilities and appropriate discount rates at the closing date
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of the acquisition. For non-observable market values, the Company determines fair value using acceptable valuation principles (e.g., multiple excess earnings, relief from royalty and cost methods).
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition of a business.
Goodwill has an indefinite useful life, and is not amortized, but instead tested for impairment annually as of October 1 or more often if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may exceed fair value as set forth in ASC 350, “Intangibles — Goodwill and Other.” The Company tests for goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level, which is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. The amount of goodwill acquired in a business combination that is assigned to one or more reporting units as of the acquisition date is the excess of the purchase price of the acquired businesses (or portion thereof) included in the reporting unit, over the fair value assigned to the individual assets acquired or liabilities assumed from a market participant perspective. Goodwill is assigned to the reporting unit(s) expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination even though other assets or liabilities of the acquired entity may not be assigned to that reporting unit.
ASC 350 allows an optional qualitative assessment as part of annual impairment testing, prior to a quantitative assessment test, to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount. If a qualitative assessment determines an impairment is more likely than not, the Company is required to perform a quantitative impairment test. Otherwise, no further analysis is required. Alternatively, the Company may elect to proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test.
In conducting a qualitative assessment, the Company analyzes actual and projected growth trends for net sales and margin for each reporting unit, as well as historical performance versus plan and the results of prior quantitative tests performed. Additionally, the Company assesses factors that may impact its business, including macroeconomic conditions and the related impact, market-related exposures, plans to market for sale all or a portion of the business, competitive changes, new or discontinued product lines, changes in key personnel, and any potential risks to projected financial results.
If performed, the quantitative test compares the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. We determine the fair value of each reporting unit by estimating the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted by the applicable discount rate, and/or peer company multiples. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, the Company recognizes an impairment loss in the amount equal to the excess, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
The Company may reorganize its reporting unit structure to better align the Company's operations within its reporting unit structure. In such cases, the Company assesses and re-defines reporting units effective as of the reorganization date including reallocation of goodwill on a relative fair value basis as applicable to affected reporting units. Goodwill impairment analysis will be performed as of the effective reorganization date both before and after the reorganization to test for any goodwill impairment. Refer to Note 7, Goodwill and Intangible Assets , for further detail.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets relate to the value associated with our developed technology, customer relationships, remaining performance obligations, and trade names at the time of acquisition through business combinations.
The Company determined the fair value of intangible assets acquired through an income approach, using the excess earnings method for customer relationships and remaining performance obligations. Under the excess earnings method, an intangible asset’s fair value is equal to the present value of the incremental after-tax cash flows attributable solely to the intangible asset over its remaining useful life. The relief from royalty method was used to determine the fair value of developed technology and trade name. The valuation models were based on estimates of future operating projections of the acquired business and rights to sell products as well as judgments on the discount rates used and other variables. We determined the forecasts based on a number of factors, including our best estimate of near-term net sales expectations and long-term projections, which include review of internal and independent market analyses. The discount rate used was representative of the weighted average cost of capital.
The customer relationships definite lived intangible assets are amortized either using the double declining balance method or on a straight-line basis, with estimated useful lives ranging from 6 to 13 years, while all other definite lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 5 to 16 years for developed
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technology and 1 to 10 years for trade names and other. The Company regularly evaluates the amortization period assigned to each intangible asset to ensure that there have not been any events or circumstances that warrant revised estimates of useful lives. Refer to Note 7, Goodwill and Intangible Assets , for further detail.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue from arrangements that include performance obligations to design, engineer, manufacture, deliver, and install products. The Company identifies a performance obligation for each promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer. As part of its assessment, the Company considers all goods and/or services promised in the contract, regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or implied by customary business practices. The Company’s contracts may contain either a single performance obligation, including the promise to transfer individual goods or services that are not separately distinct within the context of the respective contracts, or multiple performance obligations. For contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the consideration to which it expects to be entitled to each performance obligation based on relative standalone selling prices and recognizes the related revenue when or as control of each individual performance obligation is transferred to customers. The Company does not assess whether promised goods or services are performance obligations if they are immaterial in the context of the contract with the customer. The Company combines multiple contracts entered into at or around the same time with a customer if the contracts are negotiated as a package with a single commercial objective, the consideration paid under the contracts depends on the price or performance of the other contract, or if the goods or services promised in the contracts are a single performance obligation.
In most cases, installation services represent a separate performance obligation. The customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits as the installation services are performed. The Company determines if the installation is a separate performance obligation by evaluating whether the service is distinct within the context of the contract and capable of being distinct. In evaluating whether the installation service is capable of being distinct, we consider whether other entities could complete the installation (based on the technical complexity of the service) and whether third parties offer a similar installation service. When the product and installation service are determined to be a combined performance obligation, revenue is recognized over time as the installation is performed and included in product revenue in the consolidated statement of operations.
The Company’s costs to obtain contracts are typically comprised of sales commissions. A majority of these costs relate to revenue that is recognized over a period that is less than one year. For costs related to revenue recognized over a period less than one year, the Company has elected the practical expedient under ASC 606 to expense these costs as incurred. The amount of deferred cost assets and related amortization was immaterial to our financial statements.
Assurance-type warranties guarantee that a product complies with agreed-upon specifications and accordingly are not separate performance obligations. A provision for the cost of fulfilling these warranties is recognized in the period during which the associated revenue is recognized.
Variable consideration such as sales rebates, sales discounts and sales returns are estimated and treated as a reduction of revenue in the same period the related revenue is recognized. These are estimated based on contractual terms, historical practices, and current trends, and are adjusted as new information becomes available. In some of our long contracts, variable consideration includes future increases based on published price indexes in the country of the underlying contract. We constrain our estimate of this variable consideration until the price index has been published by the applicable authority. Revenues exclude any taxes that the Company collects from customers and remits to tax authorities. Amounts billed to customer for shipping and handling are included in revenue, while the related shipping and handling costs are reflected in cost of products in the period in which revenue is recognized. The Company has elected a practical expedient under ASC 606 that allows for shipping and handling activities that occur after the customer has obtained control of a good to be accounted for as a fulfillment cost. The Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component, if, at contract inception, the Company expects the period between the time when the Company transfers a promised good or service to the customer and the time when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.
Certain of the Company’s products are sold through distributors and third-party sales representatives under standard agreements whereby distributors purchase products from the Company and resell them to customers. These agreements give distributors the right to sell the Company’s products within certain territories and establish minimum order requirements. These arrangements do not provide stock rotation or price protection rights and do not contain extended payment terms. Rights of return are limited to repair or replacement of delivered products that are defective or fail to meet the Company’s published specifications. Provisions for these warranty costs are recognized in the same period that the related revenue is recorded similar to other assurance-type warranties.
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Performance Obligations Satisfied Over Time:
The Company exercises judgment in determining the timing of revenue by analyzing the point in time or the period over which the customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits of the performance obligation. Typically, over-time revenue recognition is based on the utilization of the input measure of costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs to measure progress. Throughout the life of a contract, this measure of progress captures the timing of our underlying technical performance activities (engineering design, customized material assembly, quality testing, and solution integration) which can fluctuate in the timing of delivering the customer's specifically designed solution versus the original project plans. Changes in total estimated costs are recognized using the cumulative catch-up method of accounting which recognize the cumulative effect of the changes on current and prior periods in the current period. Accordingly, the effect of the changes on future periods of contract performance is recognized as if the revised estimate had been the original estimate. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in which such losses are first determined. A significant change in an estimate on one or more contracts could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results from operations, or cash flows. However, there were no significant changes in estimated contract costs for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, or 2023.
Service revenues (service-type warranty, post contract support, installation, and subscription-based services) are recognized over time as the customers receive and consume benefits of such services simultaneously.
Revenue derived from passive dosimetry and analytical services is of a subscription nature and is provided to customers on an agreed-upon recurring monthly, quarterly or annual basis. Services are provided to the customer via passive dosimeter badges that the Company supplies to customer personnel. Depending on the type of badge utilized, either customers return the used badges to the Company for analysis, or they obtain the analysis directly via a self-service web portal. The Company believes that badge production, badge wearing, badge analysis and report preparation are not individually distinct and therefore a single performance obligation recognized over time. Revenue is recognized ratably over the service period as the service is continuous, and no other discernible pattern of recognition is evident.
Performance Obligations Satisfied at a Point in Time:
If a performance obligation does not qualify for over-time revenue recognition, revenue is then recognized at the point-in-time in which control of the distinct good or service is transferred to the customer, typically based upon the terms of delivery. Where arrangements include customer acceptance provisions based on seller or customer-specified objective criteria, we recognize revenue when we have concluded that the customer has control of the equipment and that acceptance has occurred.
Contract Balances, Deferred Revenue and Customer Deposits
Revenue earned in excess of billings on contracts in progress (contract assets) are classified in the consolidated balance sheet in costs in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts. Amounts billed in excess of revenue earned (contract liabilities) are included in deferred contract revenue. Our billing terms for these over-time contracts are generally based on achieving specified milestones. The differences between the timing of our revenue recognized (based on costs incurred) and customer billings (based on contractual terms) results in changes to our contract asset or contract liability positions. Milestone billing is aligned to the timing of the associated performance of the Company at the contract onset and generally occurs multiple times in a given twelve month period. Unexpected project delays could impact the contract asset or liability position during the course of a contract. Contract asset balances are reviewed by management for future credit losses by considering factors such as historical experience, the customers' financial condition and current economic conditions. In circumstances where the Company is aware of a specific customer's inability to meet its financial and contractual obligations, a specific reserve is recorded the contract asset. For more information, see Note 3, Contracts in .
Deferred contract revenue also includes prepayments from customers, including milestone or installment payments, on projects for which services or products have commenced. For dosimetry and analytical services, many customers pay for these measuring and monitoring services in advance and these amounts are recorded as deferred contract revenue in the consolidated balance sheets, net of a reserve for estimated cancellations. Deferred revenue expected to be realized in excess of 12 months was $2.2 million and $3.0 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and is included in Other Liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Customer deposits represent cash received for contracts in which product manufacturing or services have not commenced and the amounts received are fully refundable if the underlying good is not delivered. Customer deposits are recorded in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
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Payment terms for shipments to end-users are generally net 30 days. Payment terms for distributor shipments may range from 30 to 90 days.
Remaining Performance Obligations
Remaining performance obligations represent committed but undelivered contracts and purchase orders at period end. Maintenance-related activity and agreements that do not represent firm purchase orders are not included in remaining performance obligations. Customer agreements that contain cancellation for convenience terms are not reflected until firm purchase orders are received. Contract modifications could affect both the timing to complete as well as the amount to be received as we fulfill the related remaining performance obligations. Expected timing of the satisfaction of performance obligations in our longer term projects can fluctuate due to changes such as procurement timing of specialized materials, engineering design changes, and changes in required technical work as determined in quality control testing.
The remaining performance obligations for all open contracts as of December 31, 2025 include assembly, delivery, installation, and trainings. The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations for all open customer contracts was approximately $1,104.3 million and $811.9 million as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, the Company expects to recognize approximately 49%, 20%, 9%, and 6% of the remaining performance obligations as revenue during the fiscal years 2026, 2027, 2028 and 2029, respectively.
Disaggregation of Revenues
A disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by segment, geographic region, timing of revenue recognition, product category and market category is provided in Note 17, Segment Information .
Accounting for Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes and the related accounts under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that will more likely than not be realized. The Company classifies all deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any related valuation allowance, as non-current in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. The Company classifies the liability for unrecognized tax benefits as current in the balance sheet, to the extent that the Company anticipates payment or receipt of cash within one year. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized in the provision for income taxes.
New Accounting Standards
See Note 1, Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a full description of any recent accounting pronouncements, including the respective expected dates of adoption and expected effects on our results of operations and financial condition.
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