International Land Alliance Inc. - 10-K

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

An investment in our securities is highly speculative and subject to numerous and substantial risks. Readers are encouraged to review these risks carefully before making any investment decision.

In addition to the other information provided in this filing, you should carefully consider the following risk factors in evaluating our business before purchasing any of our common stock. All material risks are discussed in this section.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS AND OPERATIONS

There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. If we do not continue as a going concern, investors will lose their entire investment.

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. Our auditor’s report reflects that the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to repay or refinance our obligations, to raise additional capital and, ultimately, the achievement of significant operating revenues. If we are unable to continue as a going concern, stockholders will lose their investment. We will be required to seek additional capital to fund future growth and expansion. No assurance can be given that such financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on commercially favorable terms. Moreover, favorable financing may be dilutive to investors.

The Company has an accumulated deficit of $38.4 million as of December 31, 2025 and a net loss of $14.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025. This deficit and loss may impact the future of the Company in many ways including, but not limited to, making it more difficult to borrow money, sell stock or to maintain a good trading price for our common stock.

Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws limit the liability of, and provide indemnification for, our officers and directors.

Our Certificate of Incorporation generally limits our officers’ and directors’ personal liability to the Company and its stockholders for breach of fiduciary duty as an officer or director except for breach of the duty of loyalty or acts or omissions not made in good faith, or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, provide indemnification for our officers and directors to the fullest extent authorized by the Wyoming Business Corporation Act against all expense, liability, and loss, including attorney’s fees, judgments, fines excise taxes or penalties and amounts to be paid in settlement reasonably incurred or suffered by an officer or director in connection with any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil or criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a “ Proceeding ”) to which the officer or director is made a party or is threatened to be made a party, or in which the officer or director is involved by reason of the fact that he is or was an officer or director of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company whether the basis of the Proceeding is an alleged action in an official capacity as an officer or director, or in any other capacity while serving as an officer or director. Thus, the Company may be prevented from recovering damages for certain alleged errors or omissions by the officers and directors for liabilities incurred in connection with their good faith acts for the Company. Such an indemnification payment might deplete the Company’s assets. Stockholders who have questions regarding the fiduciary obligations of the officers and directors of the Company should consult with independent legal counsel. It is the position of the Securities and Exchange Commission that exculpation from and indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act and the rules and regulations there under, is against public policy and therefore unenforceable.

We will need additional capital, which we may be unable to obtain.

Our capital requirements in connection with our development activities of our residential property’s operations have been and will continue to be significant. We may require additional funding for more than one year in order to continue development. construction of houses, infrastructure and marketing activities associated with our properties. There can be no assurances that additional funding in the future or our current cash position will be sufficient to fund any future plans to accelerate our commercialization efforts or that financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

We are dependent on the sale of our securities or debt to fund our operations and will remain so until we generate sufficient revenues to pay for our operating costs. Our officers and directors have made no written commitments with respect to providing a source of liquidity in the form of cash advances, loans and/or financial guarantees. There can be no guarantee that we will be able to successfully sell our equity or debt securities.

We have a potential conflict of interest with a company controlled by one of our officers and directors.

We have and will continue to enter into agreements with firms owned or controlled by our officers and directors. A conflict of interest will arise should a dispute occur with the respect of our rights and obligations pursuant to the agreements and those firms. Under Wyoming law, a conflict-of-interest transaction is not voidable if the transaction was fair at the time it was entered into or is approved in advance by the vote of the board of directors not having an interest in the transaction if the material facts of the transaction and the director’s interest are disclosed or known to the board prior to the vote. Each officer and director owe a fiduciary duty to the Company to present business opportunities to the Company. We do not believe, however, that the fiduciary duties or contractual obligations of our officers or directors to other entities will materially affect our ability to identify and pursue business opportunities or to complete our initial business objectives.

Our relatively short period of operations history in the industry makes evaluating our business difficult.

We have a short period of time in terms of operational history in our industry. Accordingly, our operations are subject to the risks inherent in the establishment of a new business enterprise, including access to capital, successful implementation of our business plan and limited revenue from operations. We cannot assure you that our intended activities or plan of operation will be successful or result in revenue or profit to us and any failure to implement our business plan may have a material adverse effect on the business of the Company.

To be profitable, we must:

develop and identify new prospective purchasers of our real estate

compete with larger, more established competitors in the real estate development industry;

maintain and enhance our brand recognition; and

adapt to meet changes in our markets and competitive developments.

We may not be successful in accomplishing these objectives. Further, our lack of operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our business and prospects. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, uncertainties, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in their early stages of development, particularly companies in highly competitive industries. The historical information in this report may not be indicative of our future financial condition and future performance. For example, we expect that our future annual growth rate in revenues will be moderate and likely be less than the growth rates experienced in the early part of our history.

There is no guarantee that the Company will be able to complete development of its proposed properties and profitably sell any units.

The Company has acquired properties and thereafter, the Company intends to construct and develop proposed resort properties as well as other residential and commercial property. There can be no assurance that the Company will complete the expected development plans or undertake to develop other resorts or complete such development if undertaken. Risks associated with the Company’s development and construction activities may include the risks that: (i) acquisition and/or development opportunities may be abandoned; (ii) construction costs of a property may exceed original estimates, possibly making the resort uneconomical or unprofitable; and (iii) construction may not be completed on schedule, resulting in decreased revenues and increased carrying cost such as taxes and interest expense. In addition, the Company’s construction activities will typically be performed by third-party contractors, the timing, quality and completion of which the Company will be unable to control.

Investors will have no discretion in management’s real estate investment decisions.

Our management will have complete discretion in making investments on our behalf in a range of real estate, which may include all types of properties. Consequently, prospective investors will not be able to evaluate for themselves the merits of the specific properties that may be acquired in the future and may not like the properties acquired. You will not be entitled to a return of your investment if you do not approve the properties purchased. Our investment decisions are not made through reliance on sophisticated mathematical models or arbitrage programs. Instead, investors are relying on the judgment of our management alone to locate suitable properties that meet our investment criteria.

Our proposed ownership of real estate may result in losses if demand for property declines.

From our current real estate projects and any future real estate project acquired, we will be subject to risks incident to the ownership of real estate, including: changes in general economic or local conditions, such as a decrease in demand for residential, commercial and industrial space due to a decrease in population or employment or changes in technology or adverse downturns in the general economy; changes to preferences that reduce the attractiveness of our properties to end users; fluctuation in mortgage rates, building ownership or operating expenses; rises and falls in undeveloped land values; costs of infrastructure, construction or other development costs; changes in supply or demand of competing properties in an area; changes in interest rates, zoning and other governmental regulations and availability of permanent mortgage funds that may render the sale of a property difficult or unattractive; increases in the cost of adequate maintenance, insurance and other operating costs, including real estate taxes, associated with one or more properties, which may occur even when a property is not generating revenue; inflation; and changes in tax laws and rates. A negative change in any of these risks could reduce the demand for any properties we may acquire and a reduction in demand could result in a loss to us in the operation of or upon the sale of any such properties we may acquire.

Property improvement costs are difficult to estimate and if costs exceed our budget, we may lose money on the development and sale of a property.

Acquisition of any properties for improvement, repositioning and sale entails risks such as those contemplated by us that include the following, any of which could adversely affect our financial performance and the value of your investment: Our estimate of the costs of improving or repositioning an acquired property may prove to be too low, and, as a result, the property may fail to meet our estimates of the profitability of the property, either temporarily or for a longer time. Our pre-acquisition evaluation of each new investment may not detect certain requirements, limitations, defects or necessary improvements until after the property is acquired, which could significantly increase our total costs.

Our operating results may suffer because of potential development and construction delays and resultant increased costs and risks which could reduce our revenues or lead to the loss of your investment.

We may develop properties, including unimproved real properties, upon which we will construct improvements. We may be subject to uncertainties associated with re-zoning for development, environmental concerns of governmental entities and/or community groups, and our builders’ ability to build in conformity with plans, specifications, budgeted costs and timetables. A builder’s performance may also be affected or delayed by conditions beyond the builder’s control. Delays in completing construction could also give tenants the right to terminate preconstruction leases. We may incur additional risks when we make periodic progress payments or other advances to builders before they complete construction. These and other factors can result in increased costs of a project or loss of our investment.

Our real estate development strategies may not be successful which could reduce our revenues or lead to the loss of your investment.

We may in the future engage in development activities to the extent attractive development projects become available. To the extent that we engage in development activities, we will be subject to risks associated with those activities that could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and ability to pay distributions on, and the market price of, our common stock, including, but not limited to:

development projects in which we have invested may be abandoned and the related investment will be impaired;

we may not be able to obtain, or may experience delays in obtaining, all necessary zoning, land-use, building, occupancy and other governmental permits and authorizations;

we may not be able to obtain land on which to develop;

we may not be able to obtain financing for development projects, or obtain financing on favorable terms;

construction costs of a project may exceed the original estimates or construction may not be concluded on schedule, making the project less profitable than originally estimated or not profitable at all (including the possibility of contract default, the effects of local weather conditions, the possibility of local or national strikes and the possibility of shortages in materials, building supplies or energy and fuel for equipment);

upon completion of construction, we may not be able to obtain, or obtain on advantageous terms, permanent financing for activities that we financed through construction loans; and

we may not achieve sufficient occupancy levels and/or obtain sufficient rents to ensure the profitability of a completed project.

Moreover, substantial development activities, regardless of their ultimate success, typically require a significant amount of management’s time and attention, diverting their attention from our other operations.

The real estate market is cyclical, and a downturn of the market could increase the risk of loss of your investment.

Investment in real estate involves a high degree of business and financial risk, which can result in substantial losses and accordingly should be considered speculative. The market for property in Mexico and the United States tends to be cyclical, with periods in which the prices of properties rise and fall. Prices have fallen in the past and have done so for a significant period of time. Any downturn in the real estate market in the U.S. or Mexico may have a negative effect on our operations and reduce any return generated upon the sale of our property.

Many real estate costs are fixed and must be paid even if the property is not generating revenue which could increase your risk of loss of your investment.

Our financial results depend primarily on being able to add value and then sell properties to others on favorable terms. Many costs associated with real estate investment, such as debt service, real estate taxes and maintenance costs, generally are not reduced even when a property is not fully improved or used. Thus, even a small increase in the time to which a real estate property can be sold can result in a significant increase in the carry costs of the property. New properties that we may acquire may not produce any significant revenue immediately, and the cash flow from existing operations may be insufficient to pay the operating expenses and debt service associated with that property until the property is sold.

Because there is no liquid market for our properties, we may be unable to sell a property when it planned to, which could increase your risk of loss of your investment.

Liquidity relates to our ability to sell a property in a timely manner at a price that reflects the fair value of that property. The illiquidity of properties may adversely affect our ability to dispose of such properties in a timely manner and at a fair price at times when we deem it necessary or advantageous. The timing and likelihood of liquidation events is uncertain and unpredictable and affected by general economic and property-specific conditions. There may not be a market, or the market may be very limited, for the real estate that we will try to sell, even though we will make appropriate efforts to cover the available market. Investments in real properties are generally not liquid. We may not be able to dispose of future properties within its anticipated time schedule and the sales of such properties may not be made at the prices projected by us.

We are subject to zoning and environmental controls that may restrict the use of our property.

Governmental zoning and land use regulations may exist or be promulgated that could have the effect of restricting or curtailing certain uses of our real estate. Such regulations could adversely affect the value of any of our properties affected by such regulations. In recent years real estate values have also sometimes been adversely affected by the presence of hazardous substances or toxic waste on, under or in the environs of the property. A substance (or the amount of a substance) may be considered safe at the time the property is purchased but later classified by law as hazardous. Owners of properties have been liable for substantial expenses to remedy chemical contamination of soil and groundwater at their properties even if the contamination predated their ownership. Although we intend to exercise reasonable efforts to assure that no properties are acquired that give rise to such liabilities, chemical contamination cannot always be detected through readily available means, and the possibility of such liability cannot be excluded.

Under various foreign, federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, we may be required to investigate and clean up certain hazardous or toxic substances released on or in properties we own or operate, and also may be required to pay other costs relating to hazardous or toxic substances. This liability may be imposed without regard to whether we knew about the release of these types of substances or were responsible for their release. The presence of contamination or the failure to remediate property’ contaminations at any of our properties may adversely affect our ability to sell or lease the properties or to borrow using the properties as collateral. The costs or liabilities could exceed the value of the affected real estate. We have not been notified by any governmental authority, however, of any non-compliance, liability or other claim in connection with any of our properties, and we are not aware of any other environmental condition with respect to any of our properties that management believes would have a material adverse effect on our business, assets or results of operations taken as a whole.

Although we will attempt to determine the environmental condition of each property as part of our due diligence, we cannot be certain that this investigation will reveal all conditions that may impose an obligation on us to mitigate the environmental condition. If we were subject to environmental liability, which could be imposed based on our ownership of its property; such liability could adversely affect the value of your investment.

We may be subject to partially uninsured losses that may require substantial payments which could reduce the value of your investment.

We currently carry a $2,000,000 general liability policy for the Company. On Emerald Grove we have a comprehensive homeowner’s policy which also extends to the three (3) vacant parcels. Any ILA, vacant lot buyers or homebuyers will be encouraged to carry their own individual insurance policies. In addition, if losses occur, they may exceed insurance policy limits, and policies may contain exclusions with respect to various types of losses or other matters. Consequently, all or a portion of our properties may not be covered by disaster insurance and insurance may not cover all losses which could reduce the value of your investment.

We cannot control certain factors affecting the performance and value of a property, which may cause the value of that property and your investment to decline.

The economic performance and value of our real estate assets will be subject to the risks described below that are normally associated with changes in national, regional, and local political, economic and market conditions. These factors may adversely affect the ability of our customers to buy our real estate. Other local economic conditions that may affect the performance and value of the properties include the local economy of a given real estate project; competition for buyers, including competition based on attractiveness and location of the property; and the quality of amenities a project has to offer. In addition, other factors may affect the performance and value of a property adversely, including changes in laws and governmental regulations (including those governing usage, zoning and taxes), changes in interest rates (including the risk that increased interest rates may result in a decline in the liquidity of our properties), declines in housing or commercial property purchases and the availability of financing. Adverse changes in any of these factors, each of which is beyond our control, could reduce the cash flow that we receive from our properties, and adversely affect the value of your investment.

If we choose to carry debt, inability to make secured debt payments could result in loss of mortgaged property and reduce the value of your investment.

The Company carries secured and unsecured promissory notes. Debt financing carries many risks, including refinancing difficulties, loss of mortgaged properties, reduced ability to obtain new financing and increases in interest. We may choose to use debt financing in connection with future properties. If we cannot meet our secured debt obligations, the lender could take the collateral and we would lose both the secured property and the income, if any, it produces. Foreclosure on mortgaged properties or an inability to refinance existing indebtedness would likely have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations. We could have to pay substantial legal costs in connection with foreclosure of a property, and thus be subject to a deficiency judgment if the foreclosure sale amount is insufficient to satisfy the mortgage.

Rising interest rates could adversely affect our interest expense and cash flow and reduce the value of your investment.

We may borrow money at variable interest rates in the future to finance operations. Increases in interest rates would increase our interest expense on our variable rate debt, which would adversely affect cash flow and our ability to service our debt and make distributions to our stockholders.

Our lack of an established brand name and relative lack of resources could negatively impact our ability to effectively compete in the real estate market, which could reduce the value of your investment.

We do not have an established brand name or reputation in the real estate business. We also have a relative lack of resources to conduct our business operations. Thus, we may have difficulty effectively competing with companies that have greater name recognition and resources than we do. Presently, we have no patents, copyrights, trademarks and/or service marks that would protect our brand name or our proprietary information, nor do we have any current plans to file applications for such rights. Our inability to promote and/or protect our brand name may have an adverse effect on our ability to compete effectively in the real estate market.

We may make changes to our business, investment, leverage and financing strategies without stockholder consent, which could reduce the value of your investment.

Our discussions with various individuals concerning various properties or projects have included general discussions of acquiring properties directly either ourselves or in a joint venture with others or of developing properties either ourselves or in a joint venture with others. There is no limitation in the amount of funds we may invest in either property acquisition or property development. There is no limitation on or percentage allocation of funds or assets between property acquisition and property development, or between 100% ownership and joint venture ownership. Further, as the market evolves, we may change our business, investment and financing strategies without a vote of, or notice to, our stockholders, which could result in our making investments and engaging in business activities that are different from, and possibly riskier than, the investments and businesses described in this filing. In particular, a change in our investment strategy, including the manner in which we allocate our resources across our portfolio or the types of assets in which we seek to invest, may increase our exposure to interest rate risk, default risk and real estate market fluctuations. In addition, we may in the future use leverage at times and in amounts deemed prudent by our management in its discretion, and such decision would not be subject to stockholder approval. Changes to our strategies with regards to the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations.

We depend heavily on key personnel, and turnover of key senior management could harm our business.

Our future business and results of operations depend in significant part upon the continued contributions of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chairman of the Board. If we lose their services or if they fail to perform in their current position, or if we are not able to attract and retain skilled employees as needed, our business could suffer. Significant turnover in our senior management could significantly deplete our institutional knowledge held by our existing senior management team. We depend on the skills and abilities of these key officers in managing the product acquisition, marketing and sales aspects of our business, any part of which could be harmed by turnover in the future.

Our future results and reputation may be affected by litigation or other liability claims.

We have procured a $2,000,000 general liability insurance policy for our business. In addition, we procured a $1,000,000 executive and corporate securities liability policy. To the extent that we suffer a loss of a type which would exceed our limit, we could incur significant expenses in defending any action against us and in paying any claims that result from a settlement or judgment against us. Adverse publicity could result in a loss of consumer confidence in our business or our securities.

We may be subject to regulatory inquiries, claims, suits prosecutions which may impact our profitability.

Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with applicable laws and regulations may subject us to regulatory inquiries, claims, suits and prosecutions. We can give no assurance that we will prevail in such regulatory inquiries, claims, suits, and prosecutions on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Responding to, defending and/or settling regulatory inquiries, claims, suits, and prosecutions may be time-consuming and divert management and financial resources or have other adverse effects on our business. A negative outcome in any of these proceedings may result in changes to or discontinuance of some of our services, potential liabilities or additional costs that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and future prospects.

We are vulnerable to concentration risks because we intend to focus on the residential rather than commercial market.

We intend to focus on residential rather than commercial properties. Economic shifts affect residential and commercial property markets, and thus our business, in different ways. A developer with diversified projects in both sectors may be better able to survive a downturn in the residential market if the commercial market remains strong. Our focus on the residential sector can make us more vulnerable than a diversified developer.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR MEXICAN OPERATIONS

General economic conditions in Mexico may have an adverse effect on our operations and reduce our revenues.

General economic conditions in Mexico, such as inflation, high energy prices, expensive telecommunication services, the scarcity of skilled labor, and the Mexican government’s inability to regulate these input markets may diminish Mexico’s comparative advantage and earning capacity in key industries such as real estate; additionally, weakening of the U.S. dollar versus the Mexican Peso and tax fluctuations in Mexico, may have an adverse impact on our business and financial results. The global economy in general and the economic conditions in Mexico remain uncertain. Weak economic conditions could result in lower demand for our properties, resulting in lower sales, earnings, and cash flows.

The value of our securities may be affected by the foreign exchange rate between U.S. dollars and the currency of Mexico.

The value of our common stock may be affected by the foreign exchange rate between U.S. dollars and the Mexican Peso, and between those currencies and other currencies in which our revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities may be denominated. For example, to the extent that we need to convert the U.S. dollars into the Mexican Pesos for our operational needs, should the Mexican Peso appreciate against the U.S. dollar at that time, our financial position, our business, and the price of our common stock may be harmed. Conversely, if we decide to convert the Mexican Pesos into the U.S. dollars for the purpose of declaring dividends on our common stock or for other business purposes and the U.S. dollar appreciates against the Mexican Peso, the U.S. dollar equivalent of our earnings from our subsidiaries in Mexico would be reduced.

We are subject to anti-corruption laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”), as well as trade compliance and economic sanctions laws and regulations. Our failure to comply with these laws and regulations could subject us to civil and criminal penalties, harm our reputation and materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Doing business in Mexico requires us to comply with the laws and regulations of numerous jurisdictions. These laws and regulations place restrictions on our operations and business practices. In particular, we are subject to the FCPA, which generally prohibits companies and their intermediaries from providing anything of value to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing any improper business advantage, along with various other anti-corruption laws. As a result of doing business in Mexico, we are exposed to a heightened risk of violating anti-corruption laws. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure that we, our employees and other intermediaries comply with the FCPA and other anti-corruption laws to which we are subject, there is no assurance that such policies or procedures will work effectively all of the time or protect us against liability under the FCPA or other laws for actions taken by our employees and other intermediaries with respect to our business or any businesses that we may acquire. Any continued international expansion, and any development of new partnerships and joint venture relationships worldwide, increases the risk of FCPA violations in the future.

Violations of anti-corruption laws, export control laws and regulations, and economic sanctions laws and regulations are punishable by civil penalties, including fines, as well as criminal fines and imprisonment. If we fail to comply with the FCPA or other laws governing the conduct of international operations, we may be subject to criminal and civil penalties and other remedial measures, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. Any investigation of any potential violations of the FCPA or other anti-corruption laws, export control laws and regulations, and economic sanctions laws and regulations by the United States or foreign authorities could also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity, regardless of the outcome of the investigation.

Our operations may be affected by social instability in Mexico.

Because we have Mexican operations, we are subject to social instability risks which could materially adversely affect our business and our results of operations. Specifically, our business is exposed to the risk of crime that is currently taking place in certain areas in Tijuana. Recent increases in kidnapping and violent drug related criminal activity in Mexico, and in particular Mexican States bordering the United States, may adversely affect our ability to carry on business safely.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMMON STOCK

We will be subject to penny stock regulations and restrictions, and you may have difficulty selling shares of our common stock.

The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define so-called “penny stocks” to be an equity security that has a market price less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exemptions. We are a “penny stock”, and we are subject to Rule 15g-9 under the Exchange Act, or the “Penny Stock Rule”. This rule imposes additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers that sell such securities to persons other than established customers. For transactions covered by Rule 15g-9, a broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and have received the purchaser’s written consent to the transaction prior to sale. As a result, this rule may affect the ability of broker-dealers to sell our securities and may affect the ability of purchasers to sell any of our securities in the secondary market.

For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require delivery, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, of a disclosure schedule prepared by the SEC relating to the penny stock market. Disclosure is also required to be made about sales commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, monthly statements are required to be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stock.

We may qualify for an exemption from the Penny Stock Rule. In any event, even if our common stock were exempt from the Penny Stock Rule, we would remain subject to Section 15(b)(6) of the Exchange Act, which gives the SEC the authority to restrict any person from participating in a distribution of penny stock, if the SEC finds that such a restriction would be in the public interest.

Because we do not have an audit or compensation committee, shareholders will have to rely on the entire board of directors, none of which are independent, to perform these functions.

We do not have an audit or compensation committee comprised of independent directors. These functions are performed by the board of directors as a whole. No members of the board of directors are independent directors. Thus, there is a potential conflict in that board members who are also part of management will participate in discussions concerning management compensation and audit issues that may affect management decisions.

We may, in the future, issue additional shares of common stock, which would reduce investors’ percentage of ownership and may dilute our share value.

Our Articles of Incorporation authorize the issuance of 250,000,000 shares of common stock. As of the date of this filing, we had 4,664,667 shares of common stock outstanding. Accordingly, we may issue approximately 245,335,333 additional shares of common stock subject to limitation on reserve amounts for other securities outstanding. The future issuance of common stock may result in substantial dilution in the percentage of our common stock held by our then existing shareholders. We may value any common stock issued in the future on an arbitrary basis. The issuance of common stock for future services or acquisitions or other corporate actions may have the effect of diluting the value of the shares held by our investors and might have an adverse effect on any trading market for our common stock.

We are subject to compliance with securities law, which exposes us to potential liabilities, including potential rescission rights.

We may offer to sell our common stock to investors pursuant to certain exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, as well as those of various state securities laws. The basis for relying on such exemptions is factual; that is, the applicability of such exemptions depends upon our conduct and that of those persons contacting prospective investors and making the offering. We may not seek any legal opinion to the effect that any such offering would be exempt from registration under any federal or state law. Instead, we may elect to relay upon the operative facts as the basis for such exemption, including information provided by investor themselves.

If any such offering did not qualify for such exemption, an investor would have the right to rescind its purchase of the securities if it so desired. It is possible that if an investor should seek rescission, such investor would succeed. A similar situation prevails under state law in those states where the securities may be offered without registration in reliance on the partial preemption from the registration or qualification provisions of such state statutes under the National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996. If investors were successful in seeking rescission, we would face severe financial demands that could adversely affect our business and operations. Additionally, if we did not in fact qualify for the exemptions upon which we relied, we may become subject to significant fines and penalties imposed by the SEC and state securities agencies.

Because we do not intend to pay any cash dividends on our common stock, our stockholders will not be able to receive a return on their shares unless they sell them.

We intend to retain any future earnings to finance the development and expansion of our business. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Unless we pay dividends, our stockholders will not be able to receive a return on their shares unless they sell them. There is no assurance that stockholders will be able to sell shares when desired.

We expect to experience volatility in the price of our common stock, which could negatively affect stockholders’ investments.

The trading price of our common stock may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. The stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of companies with securities traded in those markets. Broad market and industry factors may seriously affect the market price of companies’ stock, including ours, regardless of actual operating performance. All of these factors could adversely affect your ability to sell your shares of common stock or, if you are able to sell your shares, to sell your shares at a price that you determine to be fair or favorable.

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) sales practice requirements may also limit a stockholder’s ability to buy and sell our common stock, which could depress the price of our common stock.

FINRA has adopted rules that require a broker-dealer to have reasonable grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for that customer before recommending an investment to a customer. Prior to recommending speculative low-priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s financial status, tax status, investment objectives, and other information. Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability that speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers. Thus, the FINRA requirements make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our common stock, which may limit your ability to buy and sell our shares of common stock, have an adverse effect on the market for our shares of common stock, and thereby depress our price per share of common stock.

Anti-takeover effects of certain provisions of Wyoming state law may hinder a potential takeover of us.

Wyoming has a business combination law that prohibits certain business combinations between Wyoming corporations and “interested stockholders” for two years after an “interested stockholder” first becomes an “interested stockholder,” unless the corporation’s board of directors approves the combination in advance. For purposes of Wyoming law, an “interested stockholder” is any person who is (i) the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of ten percent or more of the voting power of the outstanding voting shares of the corporation or (ii) an affiliate or associate of the corporation and at any time within the three previous years was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of ten percent or more of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of the corporation. The definition of the term “business combination” is sufficiently broad to cover virtually any kind of transaction that would allow a potential acquirer to use the corporation’s assets to finance the acquisition or otherwise to benefit its own interests rather than the interests of the corporation and its other stockholders.

The effect of Wyoming’s business combination law is potentially to discourage parties interested in taking control of us from doing so if they cannot obtain the approval of our Board. Both of these provisions could limit the price investors would be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.

Our stock is thinly traded, so you may be unable to sell your shares at or near the quoted bid prices if you need to sell a significant number of your shares.

The shares of our common stock are thinly traded on the OTCQB Marketplace, meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our common stock at or near bid prices at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. As a consequence, there may be periods of several days or more when trading activity in our shares is minimal or non-existent, as compared to a seasoned issuer which has a large and steady volume of trading activity that will generally support continuous sales without an adverse effect on share price. We cannot give you any assurance that a broader or more active public trading market for our common stock will develop or be sustained, or that current trading levels will be sustained. Due to these conditions, we can give you no assurance that you will be able to sell your shares at or near bid prices or at all if you need money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares.

Shares eligible for future sale may adversely affect the market.

From time to time, certain of our stockholders may be eligible to sell all or some of their shares of common stock by means of ordinary brokerage transactions in the open market pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, subject to certain limitations. In general, pursuant to amended Rule 144, non-affiliate stockholders may sell freely after six months subject only to the current public information requirement. Affiliates may sell after six months subject to Rule 144 volume, manner of sale (for equity securities), and current public information and notice requirements. Any substantial sales of our common stock pursuant to Rule 144 may have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

We could issue additional common stock, which might dilute the book value of our common stock.

Our Board of Directors has authority, without action or vote of our shareholders, to issue all or a part of our authorized but unissued shares. Such stock issuances could be made at a price that reflects a discount or a premium from the then-current trading price of our common stock. In addition, in order to raise capital, we may need to issue securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for a significant amount of our common stock. These issuances would dilute the percentage ownership interest, which would have the effect of reducing your influence on matters on which our shareholders vote and might dilute the book value of our common stock.

Our common stock could be further diluted as a result of the issuance of convertible securities, warrants or options.

In the past, we have issued convertible securities (such as convertible debentures and notes), warrants and options in order to raise money or as compensation for services and incentive compensation for our employees and directors. We have shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of certain of these securities and may increase the shares reserved for these purposes in the future. Our issuance of these convertible securities, options and warrants could affect the rights of our stockholders, could reduce the market price of our common stock or could result in adjustments to exercise prices of outstanding warrants (resulting in these securities becoming exercisable for, as the case may be, a greater number of shares of our common stock), or could obligate us to issue additional shares of common stock to certain of our stockholders.

Our articles of incorporation allow for our board of directors to create new series of preferred stock without further approval by our stockholders, which could adversely affect the rights of the holders of our common stock.

Our board of directors has the authority to fix and determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred stock. Our board of directors has the authority to issue up to 2,010,000 shares of our preferred stock without further stockholder approval (including 200,000 shares that have been designated Series A, 1,000 shares that have been designated Series B, 15,000 shares that have been designated Series C, and 20,000 shares that have been designated Series D) (see “Description of Capital Stock”). As a result, our board of directors could authorize the issuance of a new series of preferred stock that would grant to holders of preferred stock the right to our assets upon liquidation, or the right to receive dividend payments before dividends are distributed to the holders of common stock. In addition, our board of directors could authorize the creation of a new series of preferred stock that has greater voting power than our common stock or that is convertible into our common stock, which could decrease the relative voting power of our common stock or result in dilution to our existing stockholders.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those set forth as a result of general economic conditions and changes in the assumptions used in making such forward-looking statements. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The analysis set forth below is provided pursuant to applicable Securities and Exchange Commission regulations and is not intended to serve as a basis for projections of future events.

Overview of Our Company

The Company was incorporated pursuant to the laws of the State of Wyoming on September 26, 2013. We are based in San Diego, California. We are a residential land development company with target properties located primarily in the Baja California Norte region of Mexico and Southern California. Our principal activities are purchasing properties, obtaining zoning and other entitlements required to subdivide the properties into residential and commercial building plots, securing financing for the purchase of the plots, improving the properties’ infrastructure and amenities, and selling the lots to homebuyers, retirees, investors, and commercial developers. We offer the option of financing (i.e. taking a promissory note from the buyer for all or part of the purchase price) with a guaranteed acceptance on any purchase for every customer.

Overview

The real estate market in Northern Baja California has continued to significantly improve and has fully recovered from the negative impact of Covid-19. The housing prices has continued to rise in the Southwest U.S., and inventory has remained severely low, which generated additional attraction from home buyers seeking second homes or vacation homes.

The Company’s current portfolio includes residential, resort and commercial properties comprising the following projects:

Oasis Park Resort is a 497-acres master planned real estate community including 1,344 residential home sites, south of San Felipe, Baja California, which offers a 180-degree sea and mountain views. In addition to the residential lots, there is a planned boutique hotel, a spacious commercial center, and a nautical center. As of the date of this report, 85 of the 1,344 planned residential lots were pre-sold to initial shareholders. The Company has made significant progress on the project, which included the completion of the two-mile access road and the community entrance structure. The Company also started construction of the waterfront clubhouse, and model homes.

Valle Divino is a self-contained solar 650-home site project in Ensenada, Baja California, with test vineyard at the property. This resort includes 137 residential lots and 3 commercial lots on 20 acres of land. This represents an estimated $60 million in gross sales opportunity.

Plaza Bajamar Resort is an 80-unit project located at the internationally renowned Bajamar Ocean front hotel and golf resort. The Bajamar oceanfront golf resort is a master planned golf community located 45 minutes south of the San Diego-Tijuana border along the scenic toll road to Ensenada. The first Phase will include 22 “Merlot” 1,150 square-foot single-family homes that features two bedrooms and two baths. The home includes two primary bedroom suites - one on the first floor and one upstairs, as well as fairway and ocean views from a rooftop terrace. The Merlot villas will come with the installation of solar packages.

Emerald Grove Estates is the Company’s newly renovated Southern California property, used for organized events at this 8,000 square foot event venue.

Rancho Costa Verde (“RCVD”) is a 1,100-acre master planned second home, retirement home and vacation home real estate community located on the east coast of Baja California. RCVD is a self-sustained solar powered green community that takes advantage of the advances in solar and other green technology. In May 2021, the Company acquired a 25% investment in RCVD in exchange for $100,000 and 60,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, and such investment was initially recorded as an equity-method investment in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. On January 3, 2023, the Company acquired the remaining 75% membership interest in RCVD for a contractual consideration of $13.5 million, paid through $8,900,000 secured convertible note, 400,000 shares of common stock and 660,000 common stock warrants. This transaction was recorded pursuant to ASC 805 Business Combinations .

In December 2025, the Company acquired an additional 300 acres of land for their RCVD location for a total consideration of $1.65 million. This purchase is subdivided into 7 parcels and consists of approximately 300 residential homesites, 12 existing tiny homes, and 2 completed homes.

Summary of key operational and financial events:

The Company has collected an aggregate amount of $312,175 from house construction at the Plaza Bajamar project, which was initially recorded and presented as contract liability in the consolidated balance sheets. However, the Company offset the balance with the additional cash funded for the construction of amenities at Bajamar, with the net balance presented as impairment loss in the consolidated statement of operations in the previous year. There were no collections during 2025.

Continued our research and marketing efforts to identify potential home buyers in the United States, Canada, Europe, and Asia. Through the formation of a partnership with a similar development company in the Baja California Norte Region of Mexico, we have been able to leverage additional resources with the use of their established and proven marketing plan which can help us with sophisticated execution and the desired results for residential plot sales and development.

Title of Oasis Park Resort in San Felipe was assumed during 2019. We are expecting the transfer of title on Valle Divino in Ensenada, Baja California and Plaza Bajamar in Ensenada, Baja California before the end of our second fiscal quarter of 2026, as we continue to follow the necessary steps to complete this legal process.

Results of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to the year ended December 31, 2024

For the years ended

December 31,

December 31,

Revenues and lease income

Cost of revenue

Gross profit

Operating expenses

Sales and marketing

Impairment loss

General and administrative expenses

Total operating expenses

Income (loss) from operations

Other income (expense)

Loss from conversion of debt to equity

Recapture of debt

Change in fair value derivative liability

Interest expense

Total other expense, net

Net income (loss)

Revenues

Revenue decreased by $5,660,527 to $2,434,413 for the year ended December 31, 2025, from $8,094,940 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The revenue recognized during the year ended December 31, 2025, includes real estate sales, interest from financed sales, financing fees, and components of home construction.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenue increased by $376,472 to $1,618,529 for the year ended December 31, 2025, from $1,242,057 for the year ended December 31, 2024. Cost of revenue includes land cost and related land improvements including infrastructure, construction and subdivision costs.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses increased by $5,247,071 to $7,977,928 for the year ended December 31, 2025, from $2,730,857 for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Such increase mainly relates to a large increase in stock-based compensation expenses of $2,794,632 during 2025 which totaled $3,702,669 compared to $908,037 in the prior year. In addition, general and administrative increased for professional fees and other general and administrative expenses during 2025, due to the lack of capital available during the year ended December 31, 2024. Sales and marketing remained relatively flat, decreasing $18,468 during 2025, from the year ended December 31, 2024. Sales costs are related to real estate’s sales commissions. Marketing costs include advertising, prospective customers’ education, travel, and accommodation.

Other expenses

Other expenses increased by $6,061,895 to $7,136,140 for the year ended December 31, 2025, from $1,074,245 during ended December 31, 2024. Such change is primarily due to the change in fair value of the Company’s derivative liability of $2,800,243 and loss on debt extinguishment of $1,976,914, with interest expense increasing $1,175,377 year over year.

Net Loss

As a result of the foregoing, the Company finished the year ended December 31, 2025, with net loss of $14,298,184, as compared to net income of $3,047,781 for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The factors that will most significantly affect future operating results will be:

The positive effect of implemented sales and marketing initiatives to drive opportunities into our various projects.

The quality of our amenities.

The global economy and the demand for vacation homes.

The sale price of future plots and home construction compared to the sale price in other resorts in Mexico.

The prime location of our projects.

Other than the foregoing we do not know of any trends, events or uncertainties that have had, or are reasonably expected to have, a material impact on our revenues or expenses.

Capital Resources and Liquidity

Cash was $4,186 and $26,120 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As shown in the accompanying financial statements, we recorded loss of $14.3 million for year ended December 31, 2025. Our working capital deficit as of December 31, 2025, was $24.3 million. These factors and our ability to raise additional capital to accomplish our objectives, raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We expect our expenses will continue to increase during the foreseeable future as a result of increased operations, increased construction activity and the development of current and future projects which include our current business operations.

We anticipate generating increased revenues over the next twelve months, as we continue to market the sale of plots held for sale at our various projects, generate cash from the sale of house construction at our properties.

If the Company is not successful with its marketing efforts to increase sales, the Company will continue to experience a shortfall in cash, and it will be necessary to obtain funds through equity or debt financing in sufficient amounts or to further reduce its operating expenses in a manner to avoid the need to curtail its future operations.

Operating Activities

Net cash flows used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2025 , was $ 998,582 which resulted primarily due to net loss of $1 4, 298,184 , off-set by non-cash share-based compensation of $ 3, 702,669 , loss on debt conversion of $1,976,914, change in fair value of derivative liability of $2,800,243, and by a positive net change in assets and liabilities of $ 3,035,516 .

Net cash flows used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 , was $384,680 which resulted primarily due to net income of $3,047,781, non-cash share-based compensation of $ 908,037 , depreciation of $ 87,250 , and change in fair value of derivative liability of $338,311, offset by a negative net change in assets and liabilities of $ 4,089,436.

Investing Activities

Net cash flows used in investing activities was $3,101,938 for the year ended December 31, 2025. The funds were used for the development of the various projects and additional investment for land development, as well as an increase in long-term accounts receivable.

Net cash flows used in investing activities was $513,138 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The funds were used for the development of the various projects and additional investment for land development.

Financing Activities

Net cash flows provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2025, was $4,078,586, primarily from cash proceeds from other loans of $1,497,217, cash proceeds from convertible notes of $4,297,100, cash proceeds from the issuance of Series C Preferred stock of $250,000, and cash proceeds from promissory notes of $100,000, primarily offset by cash payments on other loans of $1,751,465, dividends paid of $132,054, and cash payments on convertible notes of $329,414.

Net cash flows provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024, was $738,691, primarily from cash proceeds from related parties for aggregate amount of $242,875, cash proceeds from convertible notes of $456,130, cash proceeds from other loans for $666,363, cash proceeds from promissory notes of $75,000, dividends paid of $91,678, and cash payments on promissory notes of $565,000.

As a result of these activities, we experienced a decrease in cash of $21,934 for the year ended December 31, 2025. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on our success in obtaining additional financing from investors or from the sale of our common shares.

Critical Accounting Polices

In December 2001, the SEC requested that all registrants list their “critical accounting polices” in the Management Discussion and Analysis. The SEC indicated that a “critical accounting policy” is one which is both important to the portrayal of a company’s financial condition and results, and requires management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Our accounting policies are disclosed in Note 2 of our audited consolidated financial statements included herein. We consider the following accounting policies critical to the understanding of the results of our operations:

Going concern. It requires to rely on management’s representation on financial forecast.

Revenue recognition. It requires judgement to determine when a contract exists, when performance obligations are met and the estimated variable consideration if any.

Issuance of debt with attached financial instruments. Some instruments carry embedded features that require bifurcation from host instrument and accounting as derivative liability.

Accounting of the Company’s equity-method investment. Indeed, it requires judgement by management to determine whether there is significant influence or control over the Company’s investee. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over these policies.

Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

During the year ended December 31, 2025, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The recent accounting pronouncements that are material to our financial statements are disclosed in Note 2 of our consolidated audited financial statements included herein.