VSTO Vista Outdoor Inc. - 10-K

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS

We operate in a rapidly changing business environment that involves numerous risks and uncertainties. The following discussion addresses risks and uncertainties that could cause, or contribute to causing, our actual results to differ from our expectations in material ways. These risks and uncertainties, or other events that we do not currently anticipate or that we currently deem immaterial also may affect our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. The trading price of our common stock could also decline due to any of these risks. The following information should be read in conjunction with Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the financial statements and related notes included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report.

Risks Related to Our Operations

Significant supplier capacity constraints, supplier production disruptions, supplier quality issues or price increases could increase our operating costs and adversely impact the competitive positions of our products.

Our reliance on third-party suppliers for various product components and finished goods exposes us to volatility in the availability, quality and price of these product components and finished goods. A disruption in deliveries from our third-party suppliers, including as a result of natural disasters and public health crises or other significant catastrophic events, such as the global COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic, epidemic or infectious disease outbreak, global conflicts, capacity constraints, production disruptions, price increases or decreased availability of raw materials, gunpowder or commodities could have an adverse effect on our ability to meet our commitments to customers or increase our operating costs.

Our inability to obtain sufficient quantities of components, including gun powder, parts, raw materials, and other supplies from independent sources necessary for the production of our products could result in reduced or delayed sales or lost orders. Any delay in or loss of sales or orders could adversely impact our results of operations. Many of the components, parts, raw materials, and other supplies used in the production of our products are available only from a limited number of suppliers. We do not have long-term supply contracts with all of our suppliers. As a result, we could be subject to increased costs, supply interruptions and difficulties in obtaining materials. Our suppliers also may encounter difficulties or increased costs in obtaining the materials necessary to produce their products that we use in our products. The time lost in seeking and acquiring new sources could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

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In addition, our supply contracts are generally not exclusive. As a result, supplies we may need may be allocated to other customers, such as where necessary to fulfill priority orders to the government or during times of elevated demand. Additionally, our suppliers may provide similar supplies and materials to our competitors, some of which could potentially purchase these supplies and materials in significantly greater volume than we do. Our competitors could enter into restrictive or exclusive arrangements with these suppliers that could impair or eliminate our access to necessary supplies and materials.

Quality issues experienced by third-party suppliers could also adversely affect the quality and effectiveness of our products and result in liability and reputational harm.

Shortages of, and price increases for, labor, components, parts and other supplies, as well as commodities used in the manufacture and distribution of our products, may delay or reduce our sales and increase our costs, thereby harming our results of operations.

We manufacture a significant portion of our products at plants that we own, including ammunition products. Shortages of, and cost increases for, labor and other inputs to the manufacturing process could delay or reduce our sales and reduce our gross margins and thereby have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Although we manufacture many of the components for our products, we purchase from third-parties certain important components, finished goods, and raw materials. The costs of these components, finished goods, and raw materials are affected by commodity prices and are, therefore, subject to price volatility caused by weather, market conditions and other factors that are not predictable or within our control, including natural disasters and public health crises or other significant catastrophic events, such as the global COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic, epidemic or infectious disease outbreak. We also use numerous commodity materials in producing and testing our products, including copper, lead, plastics, tungsten, bismuth, steel, wood, and zinc. Commodity prices could increase, and any such increase in commodity prices may harm our results of operations.

Higher prices for electricity, natural gas, microchips metals, gunpowder, transportation and fuel increase our production and shipping costs. A significant shortage, increased prices or interruptions in the availability of these commodities and components would increase the costs of producing and delivering products to our customers and would be likely to negatively affect our earnings. Commodity costs have varied significantly during recent fiscal years and remain a volatile element of our costs.

Seasonality and weather conditions may cause our results of operations to vary from quarter to quarter.

Because many of the products we sell are used for seasonal outdoor sporting activities, our results of operations may be significantly impacted by unseasonable weather conditions. For example, our winter sport accessories sales are dependent on cold winter weather and snowfall, and can be negatively impacted by unseasonably warm or dry weather. Conversely, sales of our spring and summer products, such as golf accessories, can be adversely impacted by unseasonably cold or wet weather. Accordingly, our sales results and financial condition will typically suffer when weather patterns do not conform to seasonal norms.

Sales of our hunting accessories are highest during the months of August through December due to shipments around the fall hunting season and holidays. In addition, sales of our ammunition have historically been lower in our first fiscal quarter. The seasonality of our sales may change in the future. Seasonal variations in our results of operations may reduce our cash on hand, increase our inventory levels and extend our accounts receivable collection periods. This in turn may cause us to increase our debt levels and interest expense to fund our working capital requirements.

Our revenues and results of operations may fluctuate unexpectedly from quarter-to-quarter, which may cause our stock price to decline.

Our revenues and results of operations have fluctuated significantly in the past and may fluctuate significantly in the future due to various factors, including, but not limited to:

• market acceptance of our products and services;

• general economic conditions;

• the timing of large domestic and international orders;

• cancellation of existing orders;

• the outcome of any existing or future litigation;

• adverse publicity surrounding our products, the safety of our products or the use of our products;

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• changes in our sales mix;

• new product introduction costs;

• high levels of retailer and distributor inventory;

• complexity in our integrated supply chain;

• increased raw material and/or other commodity expenses;

• changes in amount and/or timing of our operating expenses;

• natural disasters and public health crises or other significant catastrophic events, such as the global COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic, epidemic, or infectious disease outbreak, in markets in which we, our customers, suppliers and manufacturers operate;

• changes in laws and regulations that may affect the marketability of our products;

• the domestic political environment, including debate over the regulation of ammunition and related products; and

• uncertainties related to changes in macroeconomic and/or global conditions, including as a result of the war in Ukraine and the imposition of sanctions on Russia.

As a result of these and other factors, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations may not be meaningful in the short term, and our performance in a particular period may not be indicative of our performance in any future period.

We are exposed to risks associated with acquisitions, which could adversely affect our future financial results.

Our business strategy includes growth through acquisitions or other transactions. The expected benefits of any future acquisitions or other transactions may not be realized. Costs could be incurred on pursuits or proposed acquisitions that may never close that could significantly impact our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Additionally, after any acquisition, unforeseen issues and/or costs could arise that adversely affect our anticipated returns or that are otherwise not recoverable as an adjustment to the purchase price. Even after careful integration efforts, actual results of operations may vary significantly from initial estimates due to a variety of factors, including general economic conditions affecting the market for our products.

Furthermore, if, due to declining market conditions or other factors, we determine that the carrying value of the goodwill or other intangible assets associated with an acquired business exceeds the fair value of such assets, we may be required to record a significant impairment charge in the period during which such determination was made, which would negatively affect our results of operations. For example, we have recorded impairment charges to goodwill and identifiable indefinite-lived intangible assets during fiscal years 2024 and 2023.

We may engage in other strategic business transactions. Such transactions could result in unanticipated costs and difficulties, may not achieve intended results and may require significant time and attention from management, which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Risks may also include potential delays in adopting our financial and managerial controls and reporting systems and procedures, greater than anticipated costs and expenses related to the integration of the acquired business with our business, potential unknown liabilities associated with the acquired company, employee retention, challenges inherent in effectively managing an increased number of employees in diverse locations and the challenge of creating uniform standards, controls, procedures, policies, and information systems. These and other risks relating to our acquisitions could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our results of operations could be materially harmed if we are unable to forecast demand for our products accurately.

We often schedule internal production, place orders, and at times pre-pay for products, components and materials with third-party suppliers before receiving firm orders from our customers. In addition, orders from customers are generally subject to cancellation at any time before acceptance. If we fail to accurately forecast customer demand or if orders are cancelled before delivery, we may experience excess inventory levels or a shortage of products to deliver to our customers. Factors that could affect our ability to accurately forecast demand for our products include:

• an increase or decrease in consumer demand for our products or for the products of our competitors;

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• our failure to accurately forecast customer acceptance of new products;

• new product introductions by competitors;

• changes in our relationships with customers;

• changes in general market conditions or other factors, which may result in cancellations of orders or a reduction or increase in the rate of reorders placed by retailers, including as a result of natural disasters and public health crises or other significant catastrophic events, such as the global COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic, epidemic, or infectious disease outbreak;

• changes in laws and regulations governing the activities for which we sell products, such as hunting and shooting sports;

• weak economic conditions or consumer confidence, which could reduce demand for discretionary items such as our products; and

• the domestic political environment, including debate over the regulation of ammunition and related products.

Inventory levels in excess of customer demand may result in inventory write-downs and the sale of excess inventory on less favorable terms, including discounted prices or payment terms, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. If we underestimate demand for our products, our manufacturing facilities or third-party suppliers may not be able to create products to meet customer demand, and this could result in delays in the shipment of products and lost revenues, as well as damage to our reputation and customer relationships. We may not be able to manage inventory levels successfully to meet future order and reorder requirements.

A disruption in the service or a significant increase in the cost of our primary delivery and shipping services for our products and component parts or a significant disruption at shipping ports could have a negative impact on our business.

We use various carriers including Federal Express (“FedEx”) for a significant portion of ground shipments of products to our U.S. customers. We use air carriers and ocean shipping services for most of our international shipments of products. Furthermore, many of our finished goods and many of the components we use to manufacture our products are shipped to us via air carrier and shipping services. If there is any significant interruption in service by such providers or at airports or shipping ports in the future, we may be unable to engage alternative suppliers or to receive or ship goods through alternate sites in order to deliver our products or receive finished goods or components in a timely and cost-efficient manner. As a result, we could experience manufacturing delays, increased manufacturing and shipping costs and lost sales as a result of missed delivery deadlines and product demand cycles. Any significant interruption in FedEx services, other ground carriers, air carrier services, ship services or at airports or shipping ports could have a negative impact on our business. Furthermore, if the cost of delivery or shipping services increases significantly and the additional costs cannot be covered by product pricing, our operating results could be materially adversely affected.

We face risks relating to our international business operations that could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our ability to maintain the current level of operations in our existing international markets and to capitalize on growth in existing and new international markets is subject to risks associated with our doing business internationally, including:

• issues related to managing international operations;

• potentially adverse tax developments;

• lack of sufficient protection for intellectual property in some countries;

• currency exchange;

• import and export controls;

• social, political, and economic instability in the countries in which we operate;

• changes in economic conditions;

• uncertainties related to changes in macroeconomic and/or global conditions, including as a result of the war in Ukraine and the imposition of sanctions on Russia;

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• the occurrence of natural disasters, public health crises or other significant catastrophic events, such as the global COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic, epidemic, or infectious disease outbreak, in countries in which we operate;

• local laws and regulations, including those governing labor, product safety and environmental protection;

• changes to international treaties and regulations; and

• limitations on our ability to efficiently repatriate cash from our foreign operations.

Any one or more of these risks could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Some of our products contain licensed, third-party technology that provides important product functionality and features. The loss or inability to obtain and maintain any such licenses could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Some of our products contain technology licensed from third-parties that provides important product functionality and features. We cannot assure you that we will have continued access to this technology. For example, if the licensing company ceases to exist, either as a result of bankruptcy, dissolution or purchase by a competitor, we may lose access to important third-party technology and may not be able to obtain replacement technology on favorable terms or at all. In addition, legal actions, such as intellectual property actions, brought against the licensing company could impact our future access to the technology. Any of these actions could negatively affect our technology licenses, thereby reducing the functionality and features of our products, and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Failure to attract and retain key personnel could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our future success will depend in part on the continued service of key personnel and our ability to attract, retain and develop key managers, designers, sales and information technology professionals and others. We face intense competition for these individuals worldwide. We may not be able to attract qualified new employees or retain existing employees, which may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Catastrophic events may disrupt our business.

A disruption or failure of our systems or operations in the event of a major earthquake, weather event, public health crisis (such as the global COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic, epidemic or infectious disease outbreak), cyber-attack, terrorist attack, explosion or other catastrophic event could cause delays in producing or procuring products, completing sales, providing services or performing other mission-critical functions. A catastrophic event that results in the destruction or disruption of any of our critical business or information technology systems could harm our ability to conduct normal business operations and our results of operations.

In addition, damage or disruption to our manufacturing and distribution capabilities or those of our suppliers, because of a major earthquake, weather event, public health crisis, cyber-attack, terrorist attack, fire or explosion or other catastrophic event could impair our ability, or the ability of our suppliers to manufacture or sell our products. If we do not take steps to mitigate the likelihood or potential impact of such events, or to effectively manage such events if they occur, such events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, as well as require additional resources to restore our supply chain.

Some of our products involve the manufacture or handling of a variety of explosive and flammable materials. From time to time, these activities have resulted in incidents that have temporarily shut down or otherwise disrupted some manufacturing processes, causing production delays and resulting in liability for workplace injuries and fatalities. We have safety and loss prevention programs that require detailed pre-construction reviews of process changes and new operations, along with routine safety audits of operations involving explosive materials, to mitigate such incidents, as well as a variety of insurance policies. We cannot assure you, however, that we will not experience similar incidents in the future or that any similar incidents will not result in production delays or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Risks Related to the Markets for Our Products

Our sales are highly dependent on purchases by several large customers, and we may be adversely affected by the loss of, or any significant decline in sales to, one or more of these customers.

The U.S. retail and distribution industry serving the outdoor sporting and recreation market has become relatively concentrated. Sales to our top ten customers accounted for approximately 30% of our consolidated net sales in fiscal year 2024. Further consolidation in the U.S. retail and distribution industry could increase the concentration of our customer base in the future.

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Although we have long-established relationships with many of our customers, as is typical in the markets in which we compete, we generally do not have long-term sales agreements with our customers. As such, we are dependent on individual purchase orders. As a result, prior to acceptance these retail customers are able to cancel their orders, change purchase quantities from forecast volumes, delay purchases, change other terms of our business relationship or cease to purchase our products entirely. In addition, we sell products to our customers on credit, which can expose us to financial risk in the event customers encounter insolvency, credit problems or other financial difficulties. Our customers’ purchasing activity may also be impacted by general economic conditions as well as natural disasters and public health crises or other significant catastrophic events, such as the global COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic, epidemic, or infectious disease outbreak.

The loss of any one or more of our large customers or significant or numerous cancellations, reductions, delays in purchases or payments, or changes in business practices by our retail customers could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations including but not limited to reductions in sales volumes and profits, inability to collect receivables, and increases in inventory levels.

Competition in our industry may hinder our ability to execute our business strategy, maintain profitability or maintain relationships with existing customers.

We operate in a highly competitive industry and we compete against other manufacturers that have well-established brand names and strong market positions. Given the diversity of our product portfolio, we have various significant competitors in each of our markets, including: Winchester Ammunition of Olin Corporation, Clarus, CBC Group, Fiocchi Ammunition, Hornady, PMC, and Rio Ammunition in The Kinetic Group segment; Alpine Stars, Bontrager, Canyon, Schwinn, Shimano, Shoei, Smith, Specialized, Contigo, Hydro Flask, Osprey, Nalgene and Yeti in Revelyst’s Adventure Sports segment; Garmin, Nikon, SkyTrak, Topgolf Callaway and Trackman in Revelyst’s Precision Sports Technology segment; and Huk, Orvis, Patagonia, Caldwell, Covert Optics, Nikon, Leupold, Rhino, Vortex, Wheeler, Coleman, Traeger, Weber, Kuiu, First Lite, Mystery Ranch and Sitka in Revelyst’s Outdoor Performance segment.

Competition in the markets in which we operate is based on a number of factors, including price, quality, product innovation, performance, reliability, styling, product features and warranties, as well as sales and marketing programs. Competition could result in price reductions, reduced profits, extensions of credit, or losses or loss of market share, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Certain of our competitors may be more diversified than us or may have financial and marketing resources that are substantially greater than ours, which may allow them to invest more heavily in intellectual property, product development and advertising. Since many of our competitors also source their products from third-parties, our ability to obtain a cost advantage through sourcing is reduced.

Certain of our competitors may be willing to reduce prices and accept lower profit margins or extend more credit to compete with us. Further, retailers often demand that suppliers reduce their prices on mature products, which could lead to lower margins.

Our products typically face more competition internationally where foreign competitors manufacture and market products in their respective countries, which allows those competitors to sell products at lower prices, and could adversely affect our competitiveness.

In addition, our products compete with many other sporting and recreational products for the discretionary spending of consumers. Failure to effectively compete with these competitors or alternative products could have a material adverse effect on our performance.

Our success depends upon our ability to introduce new compelling products into the marketplace and respond to customer preferences.

Our efforts to introduce new products into the marketplace may not be successful, and any new products that we introduce may not result in customer or market acceptance. We both develop and source new products and components that we believe will match customer preferences. The development of new products is a lengthy and costly process and may not result in the development of a successful product. In addition, the sourcing of our products and components is dependent, in part, on our relationships with our third-party suppliers, some of whom are also our competitors. If we are unable to maintain these relationships, we may not be able to continue to source products at competitive prices that both meet our standards and appeal to our customers. Failure to develop or source and introduce new products that consumers want to buy could decrease our sales, operating margins and market share and could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Even if we are able to develop or source new products, our efforts to introduce new products may be costly and ineffective. When introducing a new product, we incur expenses and expend resources to market, promote and sell the new product. New products that we introduce into the marketplace may be unsuccessful or may achieve success that does not meet

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our expectations for a variety of reasons, including failure to predict market demand, delays in introduction, unfavorable cost comparisons with alternative products and unfavorable performance. Significant expenses related to new products that prove to be unsuccessful for any reason will adversely affect our results of operations.

Customer preferences include the choice of sales channels. We may not be able to successfully respond to shifting preferences of the end consumer from brick and mortar retail to online retail. Our efforts to introduce new sales channels to respond to such a shift may be costly and ineffective.

Risks Related to Our Brands and Reputation

Our business is highly dependent upon our brand recognition and reputation, and the failure to maintain or enhance our brand recognition or reputation would likely have an adverse effect on our business.

Our brand recognition and reputation are critical aspects of our business. We believe that maintaining and enhancing our brands as well as our reputation are critical to retaining existing customers and attracting new customers. We also believe that the importance of our brand recognition and reputation will continue to increase as competition in the markets in which we compete continues to develop.

Our future growth and profitability will depend in large part upon the effectiveness and efficiency of our advertising, promotion, public relations and marketing programs. These brand promotion activities may not yield increased revenue and the effectiveness of these activities will depend on a number of factors, including our ability to:

• determine the appropriate creative message, media mix and markets for advertising, marketing and promotional initiatives and expenditures;

• identify the most effective and efficient level of spending in each market, medium and specific media vehicle; and

• effectively manage marketing costs, including creative and media expenses, in order to maintain acceptable customer acquisition costs.

We may implement new marketing and advertising strategies with significantly higher costs than our current channels, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Implementing new marketing and advertising strategies could also increase the risk of devoting significant capital and other resources to endeavors that do not prove to be cost effective. We also may incur marketing and advertising expenses significantly in advance of the time we anticipate recognizing revenue associated with such expenses, and our marketing and advertising expenditures may not generate sufficient levels of brand awareness or result in increased revenue. Even if our marketing and advertising expenses result in increased revenue, the increase in revenue might not offset our related marketing and advertising expenditures. If we are unable to maintain our marketing and advertising channels on cost-effective terms or replace or supplement existing marketing and advertising channels with similarly or more cost-effective channels, our marketing and advertising expenses could increase substantially, our customer base could be adversely affected and our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely impacted.

Competitors have imitated and attempted to imitate, and will likely continue to imitate or attempt to imitate, our products and technology, particularly in countries overseas where counterfeiting is more prevalent. If we are unable to protect or preserve our brand image and proprietary rights, our business may be harmed. As we increase our sales overseas, we may experience increased counterfeiting of our products.

In addition, certain of our products and brands benefit from endorsements and support from particular sporting enthusiasts, athletes or other celebrities, and those products and brands may become personally associated with those individuals. As a result, our brands or sales of the endorsed products could be materially and adversely affected if any of those individuals’ images, reputations or popularity were to be negatively impacted.

Our association with the firearms industry may affect our relationships with certain third parties that are critical to our success.

We utilize the services of numerous financial institutions, resellers, credit card issuers, insurance carriers, suppliers, transportation providers and other service providers. Some third parties, as well as some customers and investors, have decided or may in the future decide to cease doing or limit their business with companies associated with the firearms industry or impose unacceptable or costly restrictions on our business due to reputational concerns, pressure from politicians or activists, or high-profile media coverage of events. These decisions could have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition.

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Use of social media to disseminate negative commentary and boycotts may adversely impact our business.

There has been a substantial increase in the use of social media platforms, including blogs, social media websites, and other forms of internet-based communications, which allow individuals access to a broad audience of consumers and other interested persons. Negative commentary regarding us or our brands may be posted on social media platforms at any time and may have an adverse impact on our reputation, business, or relationships with third-parties, including suppliers, customers, investors, and lenders. Consumers value readily available information and often act on such information without further investigation and without regard to its accuracy or context. The harm may be immediate without affording us an opportunity for redress or correction.

Social media platforms also provide users with access to such a broad audience that collective action, such as boycotts, can be more easily organized. Such actions could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and or cash flows.

Further, we serve the outdoor sports and recreation markets through a diverse portfolio of 41 brands that appeal to a broad range of end consumers. The perspectives of the broad range of consumers we serve are varied and can cause conflicting views across brands.

Legal and Regulatory Risks

We manufacture and sell products that create exposure to potential product liability, warranty liability or personal injury claims and litigation.

Some of our products are used in applications and situations that involve risk of personal injury and death. Our products expose us to potential product liability, warranty liability, and personal injury claims and litigation relating to the use or misuse of our products including allegations of defects in manufacturing, defects in design, deceptive advertising, a failure to warn of dangers inherent in the product or activities associated with the product, negligence and strict liability. If successful, such claims could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Defects in our products could reduce demand for our products and result in a decrease in sales and market acceptance and damage to our reputation.

Complex components and assemblies used in our products may contain undetected defects that are subsequently discovered at any point in the life of the product. In addition, we obtain many of our products and component parts from third-party suppliers and may not be able to detect defects in such products or component parts until after they are sold. Defects in our products may result in a loss of sales, recall expenses, delay in market acceptance and damage to our reputation and increased warranty costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Although we maintain product liability insurance in amounts that we believe are reasonable, we may not be able to maintain such insurance on acceptable terms, if at all, in the future and product liability claims may exceed the amount of our insurance coverage. In addition, our reputation may be adversely affected by such claims, whether or not successful, including potential negative publicity about our products.

We may incur substantial litigation costs to protect our intellectual property, and if we are unable to protect our intellectual property, we may lose our competitive advantage. We may be subject to intellectual property infringement claims, which could cause us to incur litigation costs and divert management attention from our business.

Our future success depends in part upon our ability to protect our intellectual property. Our protective measures, including patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secret protection and internet identity registrations, may prove inadequate to protect our proprietary rights and market advantage. The right to stop others from misusing our trademarks and service marks in commerce depends, to some extent, on our ability to show evidence of enforcement of our rights against such misuse in commerce. Our failure to stop the misuse by others of our trademarks and service marks may lead to our loss of trademark and service mark rights, brand loyalty and notoriety among our customers and prospective customers. The scope of any patent to which we have or may obtain rights may not prevent others from developing and selling competing products. In addition, our patents may be held invalid upon challenge, or others may claim rights in, or ownership of, our patents. Moreover, we may become subject to litigation with parties that claim, among other matters, that we infringed their patents or other intellectual property rights. The defense and prosecution of patent and other intellectual property claims are both costly and time-consuming and could result in a material adverse effect on our business and financial position.

Also, any intellectual property infringement claims against us, with or without merit, could be costly and time-consuming to defend and divert our management's attention from our business. If our products were found to infringe a third-party's proprietary rights, we could be forced to enter into costly royalty or licensing agreements in order to be able to continue to sell

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our products or discontinue use of the protected technology. Such royalty and licensing agreements may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. Rights holders may demand payment for past infringements or force us to accept costly license terms or discontinue use of protected technology or works of authorship.

We may become involved in litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights. Other companies, including our competitors, may develop intellectual property that is similar or superior to our intellectual property, duplicate our intellectual property or design around our patents, and may have or obtain patents or other proprietary rights that would prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make, use or sell our products. Effective intellectual property protection may be unavailable or limited in some foreign countries in which we sell products or from which competing products may be sold.

Unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise use aspects of our intellectual property and products that we regard as proprietary. Our means of protecting our proprietary rights in the U.S. or abroad may prove to be inadequate, and competitors may be able to develop similar intellectual property independently. If our intellectual property protection is insufficient to protect our intellectual property rights, we could face increased competition in the markets for our products.

Should any of our competitors file patent applications or obtain patents that claim inventions also claimed by us, we may choose to participate in an interference proceeding to determine the right to a patent for these inventions because our business could be harmed if we fail to enforce and protect our intellectual property rights. Even if the outcome is favorable, an interference proceeding could result in substantial costs to us and disrupt our business.

In the future, we also may need to file lawsuits to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. Any such litigation, whether successful or unsuccessful, could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

We are subject to extensive regulation and could incur fines, penalties, business disruption and other costs and liabilities under such requirements.

Like other global manufacturers and distributors of consumer products, we are required to comply with a wide variety of federal, state and international laws, rules and regulations, including those related to consumer products and consumer protection, advertising and marketing, labor and employment, data protection and privacy, intellectual property, workplace safety, the environment, the import and export of products, and tax. See Item 1 “Business-Regulatory Matters” of this Annual Report for a description of the various laws and regulations to which our business is subject. Our failure to comply with applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations may result in our being subject to claims, lawsuits, fines, business disruption, and adverse publicity that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. These laws, rules and regulations currently impose significant compliance requirements on our business, and more restrictive laws, rules and regulations may be adopted in the future.

Changes in government policies and firearms and ammunition legislation could adversely affect our financial results.

The sale, purchase, ownership and use of firearms and ammunition are subject to numerous and varied federal, state and local governmental regulations. Sales of our ammunition products can be correlated with sales of firearms, and legislation restricting the sale or use of firearms could negatively affect sales of our ammunition products. Federal laws governing firearms and ammunition include the National Firearms Act, the Federal Firearms Act, the Arms Export Control Act and the Gun Control Act of 1968. These laws generally govern the manufacture, import, export, sale and possession of firearms and ammunition. We hold all necessary licenses to legally sell ammunition in the U.S.

In recent years, federal and state courts and legislatures have increased their attention on the regulation of firearms and ammunition. The laws passed and bills proposed to date are extremely varied and include, without limitation, laws and court decisions increasing the age of ownership, imposing additional licensing or registration requirements for the purchase or ownership of firearms or ammunition, curtailing or creating liability for certain types of advertising, and allowing civil causes of action against marketers and sellers of firearms and ammunition arising out of the criminal misuse of their products. These laws and decisions could impose liability on manufacturers of firearms or ammunition or effectively ban or severely limit the sale of certain categories of firearms, which would negatively impact sales of our related ammunition products. We cannot be assured that the regulation of our business activities will not become more restrictive in the future and that any such restrictions will not have a material adverse effect on our business.

Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or other applicable anti-corruption legislation, as well as export controls and trade sanctions, could result in fines or criminal penalties.

The international nature of our business exposes us to trade sanctions and other restrictions imposed by the U.S. and other governments. The U.S. Departments of Justice, Commerce, Treasury and other agencies and authorities have a broad range of

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civil and criminal penalties they may seek to impose against companies for violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA"), export controls, anti-boycott provisions and other federal statutes, sanctions, and regulations and, increasingly, similar or more restrictive foreign laws, rules and regulations, which may also apply to us. In recent years, U.S. and foreign governments have increased their oversight and enforcement activities with respect to these laws and we expect the relevant agencies to continue to increase their enforcement efforts.

In foreign countries in which we have operations, a risk exists that our associates, contractors or agents could, in contravention of our policies, engage in business practices prohibited by U.S. laws and regulations applicable to us, such as the FCPA, or the laws and regulations of other countries, such as the UK Bribery Act. We maintain a policy, Code of Business Ethics, prohibiting such business practices. Nevertheless, we remain subject to the risk that one or more of our associates, contractors or agents, including those based in or from countries where practices that violate such U.S. laws and regulations or the laws and regulations of other countries may be customary, will engage in business practices that are prohibited by our policies, circumvent our compliance programs and, by doing so, violate such laws and regulations. Any such violations, even if prohibited by our internal policies, could adversely affect our business or financial performance and our reputation.

By virtue of these laws and regulations we may be obliged to limit our business activities, we may incur costs for compliance programs and we may be subject to enforcement actions or penalties for noncompliance. A violation of these laws, sanctions or regulations could result in restrictions on our exports, civil and criminal fines or penalties and could adversely impact our business, financial condition or results of operations.

If our efforts to protect the security of personal information about our customers and consumers are unsuccessful and unauthorized access to that personal information is obtained, or we experience a significant disruption in our computer systems or a cybersecurity breach, we could experience an adverse effect on our operations, we could be subject to costly government enforcement action and private litigation and our reputation could suffer.

Our operations, especially our retail operations, involve the storage and transmission of our customers’ and consumers’ proprietary information, such as credit card and bank account numbers, and security breaches could expose us to a risk of loss of this information, government enforcement action and litigation and possible liability. Our payment services may be susceptible to credit card and other payment fraud schemes, including unauthorized use of credit cards, debit cards or bank account information, identity theft or merchant fraud.

If our security measures are breached as a result of third-party action, employee error, malfeasance or otherwise, and as a result, someone obtains unauthorized access to our customers’ and consumers’ data, our reputation may be damaged, our business may suffer, and we could incur significant liability. Because techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventative measures. If an actual or perceived breach of our security occurs, the public perception of the effectiveness of our security measures could be harmed and we could lose customers and consumers, which could adversely affect our business.

We also rely extensively on our computer systems to manage our ordering, pricing, inventory replenishment and other processes. Our systems could be subject to damage or interruption from various sources, including power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, cyber security breaches, vandalism, severe weather conditions, catastrophic events and human error, and our disaster recovery planning cannot account for all eventualities. If our systems are damaged, fail to function properly or otherwise become unavailable, we may incur substantial costs to repair or replace them, and we may experience loss of critical data and interruptions or delays in our ability to perform critical functions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Risks Related to Macro-Economic Conditions

Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly.

A portion of our indebtedness consists of term loans and revolver borrowings with variable rates of interest that expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on our variable rate indebtedness will increase even if the amount borrowed remains the same, and our net income (loss) and cash flows will correspondingly decrease. Assuming $145 million of variable-rate indebtedness (which was the portion of our indebtedness outstanding as of March 31, 2024, which was not included in our hedged floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps) a change of 1/4 of one percent in interest rates would result in a $0.4 million change in annual estimated interest expense. To mitigate the risks from interest rate exposure, we enter into hedging transactions, mainly interest rate swaps, through derivative financial instruments that have been authorized pursuant to corporate policies. We measure market risk related to holdings of financial instruments based on changes in interest rates utilizing a sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity analysis measures the potential loss in fair values, cash flows, and earnings based

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on a hypothetical change (increase and decrease) in interest rates. We used current market rates on the debt portfolio to perform the sensitivity analysis.

Changes in U.S. and global trade policies, including new and potential tariffs on goods we import or on products we export to other countries, could increase our cost of goods or limit our access to export markets.

In recent years, protectionist trade policies have been increasing around the world, including in the U.S. It is unclear what additional tariffs, duties, border taxes or other similar assessments on imports might be implemented in the future and what effects these changes may have on retail markets or our operating performance. Additional protectionist trade legislation in either the U.S. or foreign countries, including changes in the current tariff structures, export or import compliance laws, or other trade policies, could reduce our ability to sell our products in foreign markets, the ability of foreign customers to purchase our products, and our ability to import components, parts, and products from foreign suppliers. In particular, increases in tariffs on goods imported into the U.S. could increase the cost to us of such merchandise (whether imported directly or indirectly) and cause increases in the prices at which we sell such merchandise to our customers, which could materially adversely affect the financial performance of our business.

The global economy has been negatively impacted by the war in Ukraine. Furthermore, governments in the U.S., United Kingdom, and European Union have each imposed export controls on certain products and financial and economic sanctions on certain industry sectors and parties in Russia. Although we have no operations in Russia or Ukraine, we may experience shortages in materials and increased costs for transportation, energy, and raw material due in part to the negative impact of the war in Ukraine on the global economy. Further escalation of geopolitical tensions related to the war, including increased trade barriers or restrictions on global trade, could result in, among other things, cyberattacks, supply disruptions, lower consumer demand, and changes to foreign exchange rates and financial markets, any of which may adversely affect our business and supply chain. In addition, the effects of the ongoing conflict could heighten many of our known risks described in this Annual Report.

Our results of operations could be impacted by unanticipated changes in tax provisions or exposure to additional income tax liabilities.

Our business operates in many locations under government jurisdictions that impose income taxes. Changes in domestic or foreign income tax laws and regulations, or their interpretation, could result in higher or lower income tax rates assessed or changes in the taxability of certain revenues or the allowance of deduction of certain expenses, thereby affecting our income tax expense and profitability. In addition, audits by income tax authorities could result in unanticipated increases in our income tax expense.

In particular, we are affected by the impact of changes to tax laws or related authoritative interpretations. A change in authority interpretation to the U.S. tax code, related tax accounting guidance, and regulatory guidance as well as state tax implications or other legislation changes may cause variability in our future tax rate.

We may need to raise additional capital, and we cannot be sure that additional financing will be available.

We will need to fund our ongoing working capital, capital expenditures and financing requirements through cash flows from operations and new sources of financing. Our ability to obtain future financing will depend on, among other things, our financial condition and results of operations as well as on the condition of the capital markets or other credit markets at the time we seek financing. Increased volatility and disruptions in the financial markets, including as a result of natural disasters and public health crises or other significant catastrophic events, such as the global COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic, epidemic, or infectious disease outbreak, or geopolitical events, such as the war in Ukraine, could make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain financing. In addition, the pendency of the Planned Separation may adversely affect our ability to obtain financing. We cannot assure you that we will have access to the capital markets or other credit markets on terms we find acceptable or at all.

The terms of the agreements governing our debt restrict our current and future operations, particularly our ability to incur debt that we may need to fund initiatives in response to changes in our business, the industries in which we operate, the economy and governmental regulations.

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect our financial results.

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, approximately 17% of our revenue was generated from sales outside the U.S. Revenues from foreign operations (and the related expense) are often transacted in foreign currencies or valued based on a currency other than U.S. dollars. For the purposes of financial reporting, this revenue is translated into U.S. dollars. Resulting gains and losses from foreign currency fluctuations are therefore included in our consolidated financial statements. As a result, when the U.S. dollar strengthens against certain foreign currencies, including the Euro, British pound sterling, Canadian dollar,

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and other major currencies, our reportable revenue in U.S. dollars generated from sales made in foreign currencies may decrease substantially. As a result, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

General economic conditions affect our results of operations.

Our revenues are affected by economic conditions and consumer confidence worldwide, but especially in the U.S. In times of economic uncertainty or high inflation, consumers tend to defer expenditures for discretionary items, which affects demand for our products. Moreover, our businesses are cyclical in nature, and their success is impacted by general economic conditions and specific economic conditions affecting the regions and markets we serve, the overall level of consumer confidence in the economy and discretionary income levels. Any substantial deterioration in general economic conditions, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic or another pandemic, epidemic, or infectious disease outbreak, high inflation, or the war in Ukraine, that diminishes consumer confidence or discretionary income could reduce our sales and adversely affect our financial results. Moreover, declining economic conditions create the potential for future impairments of goodwill and other intangible and long-lived assets that may negatively impact our financial condition or results of operations, such as the impairment charges we recorded in our fiscal years 2024 and 2023 to the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets. The impact of weak consumer credit markets, corporate restructurings, layoffs, high unemployment rates, declines in the value of investments and residential real estate, higher fuel prices and increases in federal and state taxation can also negatively affect our results of operations.

In addition, in recent periods sluggish economies and consumer uncertainty regarding future economic prospects in our key markets have had an adverse effect on the financial health of certain of our customers, which may in turn have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. We extend credit to our customers for periods of varying duration based on an assessment of the customer’s financial condition, generally without requiring collateral, which increases our exposure to the risk of uncollectible receivables. In addition, we face increased risk of order reduction or cancellation when dealing with financially ailing customers or customers struggling with economic uncertainty. Our risk of uncollectible receivables and order cancellations has been elevated due to retail store closures in many locations that occurred during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has adversely affected many of our customers, and may be further elevated in the event of bank failures or credit tightening conditions affecting our customers. We may reduce our level of business with customers and distributors experiencing financial difficulties and may not be able to replace that business with other customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. In times of uncertain economic conditions there is also increased risk that inventories may not be liquidated in an efficient manner and may result in us having excess levels of inventory.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock and Indebtedness

Our debt covenants may limit our ability to complete acquisitions, incur debt, make investments, sell assets, merge or complete other significant transactions.

Our 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility contains a number of restrictive covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us and our subsidiaries and limits our ability to engage in actions that may be in our long-term best interests, including restrictions on our, and our subsidiaries', ability to:

• incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or sell disqualified or preferred stock;

• pay dividends on, make distributions in respect of, repurchase or redeem, capital stock;

• make investments or acquisitions;

• sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of certain assets;

• create liens;

• enter into sale/leaseback transactions;

• enter into agreements restricting the ability to pay dividends or make other intercompany transfers;

• consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our or our subsidiaries' assets;

• enter into transactions with affiliates;

• prepay, repurchase or redeem certain kinds of indebtedness;

• issue or sell stock of our subsidiaries; and

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• significantly change the nature of our business.

The indenture governing our 4.5% Notes also contains many of these same restrictions. As a result of all of these restrictions, we may be:

• limited in how we conduct our business and pursue our strategy;

• unable to raise additional debt financing that we may require to operate during general economic or business downturns; or

• unable to compete effectively or to take advantage of new business opportunities.

A failure to comply with the covenants in the 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility could result in an event of default under the 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility, which could allow our creditors to accelerate the related indebtedness and proceed against the collateral that secures such indebtedness. Similarly, a failure to comply with the covenants in the indenture governing our 4.5% Notes could result in an event of default thereunder, which could allow the holders of the 4.5% Notes to accelerate such notes. The 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the indenture governing the 4.5% Notes contain cross-default provisions so that noncompliance with the covenants of any of our other debt agreements could cause a default under these debt agreements as well. In the event our creditors accelerate the repayment of our borrowings, we may not have sufficient liquidity to repay our indebtedness.

In the event that we incur additional indebtedness in connection with the Planned Separation, we expect that such indebtedness will also include restrictive covenants similar to those described above. See “Risks Related to our Planned Separation—We may incur additional indebtedness in connection with the Planned Separation, and such additional indebtedness could adversely impact our business, financial condition or results of operations.”

Provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, our Amended and Restated Bylaws, and Delaware law may prevent or delay an acquisition of our company, which could decrease the trading price of our common stock.

Several provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Amended and Restated Bylaws and Delaware law may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition that stockholders may consider favorable. These include provisions that:

• allow our Board of Directors to authorize for issuance, without stockholder approval, preferred stock, the rights of which will be determined at the discretion of the Board of Directors and, if issued, could operate as a “poison pill” to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer to prevent an acquisition that our Board of Directors does not approve;

• prohibit our stockholders from taking action by written consent and require that stockholder action must take place at a duly called annual or special meeting of our stockholders;

• establish how stockholders may present proposals or nominate directors for election at meetings of our stockholders;

• mandate that stockholders may only remove directors for cause;

• grant exclusive privilege (subject to certain limited exceptions) to our directors, and not our stockholders, to fill vacancies on our Board of Directors;

• provide that only our Board of Directors, Chairman of our Board of Directors, our Chief Executive Officer or the President (in the absence of the Chief Executive Officer) are entitled to call a special meeting of our stockholders; and

• limit our ability to enter into business combination transactions with certain stockholders.

These and other provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Amended and Restated Bylaws and Delaware law may discourage, delay or prevent certain types of transactions involving an actual or a threatened acquisition or change in control of us, including unsolicited takeover attempts, even though the transaction may offer our stockholders the opportunity to sell their shares of our common stock at a price above the prevailing market price.

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Risks Related to Our Announced Transaction

The consummation of the Sporting Products Sale is subject to a number of conditions, many of which are largely outside of the control of the parties to the Merger Agreement, and, if these conditions are not satisfied or waived on a timely basis, the Merger Agreement may be terminated and the Sporting Products Sale may not be completed.

The Sporting Products Sale is subject to certain customary closing conditions, including, among other things: (i) the approval of Vista Outdoor’s stockholders; (ii) any waiting period (or any extension thereof) applicable to the Sporting Products Sale under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 having been terminated or having expired, (which waiting period expired on December 11, 2023), CFIUS Approval (as defined in the Merger Agreement) having been received and certain other regulatory approvals or consents having been obtained; (iii) the absence of legal restraints prohibiting the Sporting Products Sale; (iv) the completion of certain actions required to be taken pursuant to the Separation Agreement (as defined in the Merger Agreement) prior to consummation of the Sporting Products Sale; (v) the Form S-4 filed by Revelyst having become effective under the Securities Act and not being the subject of any stop order; (vi) the shares of common stock of Revelyst to be distributed in connection with the Sporting Products Sale having been approved for quotation on the New York Stock Exchange, subject to official notice of issuance, and (vii) other customary conditions specified in the Merger Agreement. The failure to satisfy any or all of the required conditions could delay the completion of the Sporting Products Sale by a significant period of time or prevent it from occurring. Any delay in completing the Sporting Products Sale could cause the parties to the Merger Agreement to not realize some or all of the benefits that are expected to be achieved if the Sporting Products Sale is successfully completed within the expected timeframe. There can be no assurance that the conditions to closing of the Sporting Products Sale will be satisfied or waived or that the Sporting Products Sale will be completed within the expected timeframe or at all.

Failure to complete the Sporting Products Sale could adversely affect our stock price and business, results of operations or financial condition.

There can be no assurance that the conditions to the closing of the Sporting Products Sale will be satisfied or waived or that the Sporting Products Sale will be completed. If the Sporting Products Sale is not completed within the expected timeframe or at all, our ongoing business could be adversely affected and we will be subject to a variety of risks and possible consequences associated with the failure to complete the Sporting Products Sale, including the following: (i) we will incur certain transaction costs, including legal, accounting, financial advisor, filing, printing and mailing fees, regardless of whether the Sporting Products Sale closes; (ii) under the Merger Agreement, we are subject to certain restrictions on the conduct of our business during the pendency of the Sporting Products Sale, which may adversely affect our ability to execute certain of our business strategies; (iii) we may lose key employees during the period in which we and CSG are pursuing the Sporting Products Sale, which may adversely affect us in the future if we are not able to hire and retain qualified personnel to replace departing employees; (iv) the Sporting Products Sale, whether or not it closes, will divert the attention of certain of our management and other key employees from ongoing business activities, including the pursuit of other opportunities that could be beneficial to us and (v) that another transaction acceptable to us may not be offered and our business, prospects or results of operation may be adversely impacted as a result. If the Sporting Products Sale is not completed, these risks could materially affect our business, results of operations or financial condition and stock price, including to the extent that the current market price of our common stock is positively affected by a market assumption that the Sporting Products Sale will be completed.

While the Sporting Products Sale is pending, we are subject to business uncertainties and certain contractual restrictions that could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

In connection with the Sporting Products Sale, some of our customers, vendors or other third parties may react unfavorably, including by delaying or deferring decisions concerning their business relationships or transactions with us, which could adversely affect our revenues, earnings, cash flows and expenses, regardless of whether the Sporting Products Sale is completed. In addition, due to certain restrictions in the Merger Agreement on the conduct of our business prior to the closing of the Sporting Products Sale, we may be unable to (without CSG’s prior written consent, unless another exception under the Merger Agreement applies), during the pendency of the Sporting Products Sale, pursue certain strategic transactions, undertake significant capital projects, undertake certain significant financing transactions and otherwise pursue other actions, even if such actions would prove beneficial. This may cause us to forego certain opportunities we might otherwise pursue. In addition, the pendency of the Sporting Products Sale may make it more difficult for us to effectively retain and incentivize key personnel and may cause distractions from our strategy and day-to-day operations for our current employees and management.

The termination fee and restrictions on solicitation contained in the Merger Agreement may discourage other companies from trying to acquire us or our businesses.

The Merger Agreement prohibits Vista Outdoor from soliciting, initiating or knowingly assisting, facilitating or encouraging any competing acquisition proposals, subject to certain limited exceptions. The Merger Agreement also contains

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certain termination rights, including, but not limited to, the right of Vista Outdoor to terminate the Merger Agreement to accept a Company Superior Proposal (as defined in the Merger Agreement), subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, and provides that, if the Merger Agreement is terminated under certain circumstances, including by Vista Outdoor to enter into an alternative acquisition agreement with respect to a Company Superior Proposal, Vista Outdoor will be required to pay CSG a termination fee of $47,750,000 in immediately available funds. The termination fee and non-solicitation restrictions could discourage other companies from trying to acquire Vista Outdoor or its businesses even though those other companies might be willing to offer greater value to Vista Outdoor’s stockholders than is offered in the Sporting Products Sale.

Litigation against Vista Outdoor, CSG, or the members of their respective boards, could prevent or delay the completion of the Sporting Products Sale or result in the payment of damages following completion of the Sporting Products Sale.

It is a condition to the Sporting Products Sale that no court of competent jurisdiction or other governmental authority shall have issued a judgment, order, injunction, ruling, writ, decree or other directive or enacted a law that is in effect that prohibits, enjoins or makes illegal the consummation of the Sporting Products Sale. It is possible that lawsuits may be filed by our stockholders challenging the Sporting Products Sale. The outcome of any such lawsuits cannot be assured, including the amount of fees and costs associated with defending these claims or any other liabilities that may be incurred in connection therewith. If plaintiffs are successful in obtaining an injunction prohibiting the parties from completing the Sporting Products Sale on the agreed-upon terms, such an injunction may delay the consummation of the Sporting Products Sale in the expected timeframe, or may prevent the Sporting Products Sale from being consummated at all. Whether or not any plaintiff’s claim is successful, this type of litigation can result in significant costs and divert management’s attention and resources from the closing of the Sporting Products Sale and ongoing business activities, which could adversely affect our operations. As of the date of this filing, we have received certain demand letters from stockholders alleging that the registration statement filed by Revelyst on Form S-4 with the SEC on January 16, 2024 in connection with the Sporting Products Sale contained materially misleading and incomplete statements, and demanding that Revelyst disclose additional information.

If the Sporting Products Sale is not consummated by the applicable deadline, either we or CSG Elevate II Inc. (“Merger Sub Parent”) may terminate the Merger Agreement, subject to certain exceptions.

Either we or Merger Sub Parent may terminate the Merger Agreement if the Sporting Products Sale has not been consummated by October 15, 2024 (with such deadline to be automatically extended to January 15, 2025, in the event that all closing conditions except for those relating to regulatory approvals, completion of certain pre-closing steps relating to the separation and those that by their nature are to be satisfied at or immediately prior to closing, have been satisfied by October 15, 2024). However, this termination right will not be available to Vista Outdoor or Merger Sub Parent (as applicable) if the failure to consummate the Sporting Products Sale on or prior to such date is primarily due to the breach by such party, or such party’s affiliates who are party to the Merger Agreement, of any Transaction Document. In the event the Merger Agreement is terminated by either party due to the failure of the Sporting Products Sale to close by October 15, 2024 (or, if applicable, January 15, 2025) or for any other reason provided under the Merger Agreement, we will have incurred significant costs and will have diverted significant management focus and resources from other strategic opportunities and ongoing business activities without realizing the anticipated benefits of the Sporting Products Sale

ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(Amounts in thousands except per share data and unless otherwise indicated)

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report. This section and other sections of this Annual Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. See "Forward-Looking Statements" and Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" included in this Annual Report.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, we make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, sales, expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We re-evaluate our estimates on an on-going basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We review our estimates on an ongoing basis to ensure the estimates appropriately reflect changes in our business and the most recent information available.

We believe the critical accounting policies discussed below affect our most significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. For a complete discussion of all our significant accounting policies, see Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies , to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report.

Revenue Recognition

The total amount of revenue we recognize for the sale of our products reflects various sales adjustments for discounts, returns, refunds, allowances, rebates, and other customer incentives. These sales adjustments can vary based on market conditions, customer preferences, timing of customer payments, volume of products sold, and timing of new product launches. These adjustments require management to make reasonable estimates of the amount we expect to receive from the customer. We estimate sales adjustments by customer or by product category on the basis of our historical experience with similar contracts with customers, adjusted as necessary to reflect current facts and circumstances and our expectations for the future. Sales taxes, firearms and ammunition excise tax, and other similar taxes are excluded from revenue.

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Allowance for Estimated Credit Losses

We maintain an allowance for credit losses related to accounts receivable for future expected credit losses resulting from the inability or unwillingness of our customers to make required payments. We estimate the allowance based upon historical bad debts, current customer receivable balances, age of customer receivable balances, and the customers' financial condition and in relation to a representative pool of assets consisting of a large number of customers with similar risk characteristics. The allowance is adjusted as appropriate to reflect differences in current conditions as well as changes in forecasted macroeconomic conditions.

Inventories

Our inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, which includes a reserve for excess, obsolete and/or unmarketable inventory. We estimate this reserve based upon current inventory levels, p ast and future demand, as well as our estimates of market conditions and future demands, all of which are subject to change. In addition, we consider inventory aging, the promotional environment and technological obsolescence all of which require a significant amount of assumptions and judgment. T his methodology recognizes projected inventory losses at the time such losses are evident rather than at the time goods are actually sold. If these estimates are inaccurate or change, we may be exposed to adjustments to our inventory reserve which could materially impact our operating results.

Income Taxes

Provisions for federal, state, and foreign income taxes are calculated based on reported pre-tax earnings and current tax law. Such provisions differ from the amounts currently receivable or payable because certain items of income and expense are recognized in different time periods for financial reporting purposes than for income tax purposes. Significant judgment is required in determining income tax provisions and evaluating tax positions. We periodically assess our liabilities and contingencies for all periods that are currently open to examination or have not been effectively settled based on the most current available information. Where it is not more likely than not that our tax position will be sustained, we record the entire resulting tax liability and when it is more likely than not of being sustained, we record our best estimate of the resulting tax liability. As per our policy, any applicable interest and penalties related to these positions are also recorded in the consolidated financial statements. To the extent our assessment of the tax outcome of these matters changes, such change in estimate will impact the income tax provision in the period of the change.

Deferred tax assets are assessed to determine whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Significant estimates are required for this analysis. If we determine it is not more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will be realized, a valuation allowance will be recorded. Changes in the amounts of valuation allowance are recorded in the tax provision in the period when the change occurs.

Accounting for Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangibles

Annual Testing

We performed our annual testing of goodwill in accordance with our accounting policies described in Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies .

During the annual impairment review process we have the option to first perform a qualitative assessment (commonly referred to as “step zero”) over relative events and circumstances to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value or to perform a quantitative assessment (“step one”) where we estimate the fair value of each reporting unit using both an income and market approach. We completed a step zero assessment during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024, and concluded there were no indicators of impairment. See Note 11, Goodwill and Intangible Assets , to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report for discussion and details.

Indefinite-lived intangibles are not amortized and are tested for impairment annually on the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter or upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances that indicate that the assets might be impaired. We completed a step zero assessment during the fourth quarter, and concluded there were no indicators of impairment on our indefinite-lived intangibles. See Note 11, Goodwill and Intangible Assets , to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report for discussion and details.

Interim Testing

During the third fiscal quarter of 2024, we completed an interim quantitative goodwill impairment analysis. We recognized impairment losses equal to the full carrying value of goodwill of $26,219 and $9,955, related to the former reporting units of Outdoor Cooking and Stone Glacier, respectively, and a partial goodwill impairment loss of $125,540 related to our Golf reporting unit. Goodwill relating to the Ammunition reporting unit was not impaired as the fair value exceeded the

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carrying value.

The decline in fair value of our former Revelyst segment reporting units was significantly impacted by a challenging economic environment for consumers, with higher interest rate expectations continuing, and other factors affecting the market for our products, which resulted in lowered forecasted revenues, operating margins, and operating cash flows for the majority of our reporting units within the former Revelyst reportable segment. See Note 11, Goodwill and Intangible Assets and Note 19, Operating Segment Information , to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report for further information on changes to our reporting units and reportable segments during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024. Our estimates of the fair values of the reporting units were also influenced by higher discount rates in the income-based valuation approach as a result of increasing company specific risk premiums and higher treasury rates. The weighted average cost of capital used in the goodwill impairment analysis ranged between 12.5% and 16.0%, which was derived from the financial structures of comparable companies corresponding to the industry of each reporting unit, modified for each reporting unit based on company risk premiums to reflect the perception of risks of achieving the projected cash flows. We weighted the valuations of our former Revelyst segment reporting units using 100% of the income approach, specifically the discounted cash flow method, and weighted the value of The Kinetic Group reporting unit using 100% of the market approach.

Our Ammunition and Golf reporting units comprise our remaining goodwill as of March 31, 2024. After impairment losses were recorded during the third quarter of fiscal year 2024, the fair value of the Golf reporting unit was equal to its carrying value. If we had assumed a one percent increase in discount rate at that time, we would have recorded additional goodwill impairment of approximately $35,000. If the reporting units do not perform to expected levels or there are adverse changes in certain macroeconomic factors, the related goodwill may be at risk for impairment in the future. We cannot predict the occurrence of certain events or changes in circumstances that might adversely affect the carrying value of goodwill. We continue to monitor the evolving macroeconomic landscape. Rising interest and income tax rates could impact the weighted average cost of capital used in our estimates of fair value for our reporting units. Additionally, high inflation may continue to adversely affect the demand and profitability of our reporting unit products.

In conjunction with our interim quantitative goodwill impairment analysis, we performed a step zero analysis for The Kinetic Group indefinite-lived trade names. Additionally, we performed a quantitative step one impairment analysis on our remaining indefinite-lived intangible assets and recorded impairment losses of $26,600, $9,600, $6,100, $4,500 $1,800, $1,100, and $600 related to the Fox Racing, CamelBak, Bell Cycling, Simms Fishing, Giro, Bushnell, and Bell Powersports indefinite-lived tradename assets, respectively. The decline in fair value of our indefinite-lived trade name assets was impacted by a reduction in forecasted revenues. The carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets related to Fox Racing, CamelBak, Bell Cycling, Simms Fishing, Giro, Bushnell, and Bell Powersports after the impairment was $58,400, $13,300, $12,000, $25,500, $15,300, $14,900, and $3,500, respectively, at December 24, 2023. We determined the fair value of our Fox Racing, CamelBak, Bell Cycling, Simms Fishing, Giro, Bushnell, and Bell Powersports indefinite-lived trade names using royalty rates of 3%, 1.5%, 1.5%, 3%, 1.5%, 1%, and 1%, respectively.

Our assumptions used to develop the discounted cash flow analysis and relief-from-royalty calculations, require us to make significant estimates. We based estimates on assumptions we believed to be reasonable, but which are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. The projections also take into account several factors including current and estimated economic trends and outlook, costs of raw materials and other factors that are beyond our control. If the current economic conditions were to deteriorate, or if we were to lose significant business, it is possible that the estimated fair value of certain reporting units or trade names could fall below their carrying value resulting in the necessity to conduct additional impairment tests in future periods.

Business Combinations

We allocate the purchase price, including contingent consideration, of our acquisitions to the assets and liabilities acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, based on their fair values at the date of acquisition. The fair values are primarily based on third-party valuations using our management assumptions that require significant judgments and estimates. The purchase price allocated to intangibles is based on unobservable factors, including but not limited to, projected revenues, expenses, customer attrition rates, royalty rates, and weighted average cost of capital, among others. The weighted average cost of capital uses a market participant’s cost of equity and after-tax cost of debt and reflects the risks inherent in the cash flows. The unobservable factors we use are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but are also uncertain and unpredictable. As a result these estimates, and assumptions may require adjustment in the future if actual results differ from our estimates.

See Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report, for discussion of new accounting pronouncements.

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Executive Summary and Financial Highlights

Vista Outdoor is a leading global designer, manufacturer, and marketer of outdoor recreation and shooting sports products.

We operate through four reportable segments: The Kinetic Group, Revelyst Outdoor Performance, Revelyst Adventure Sports, and Revelyst Precision Sports Technology. During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024, we modified our reportable segments. Accordingly, prior comparative periods have been restated to conform to the change. Information regarding our segments is further discussed below and in Note 19, Operating Segment Information , to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report.

• The Kinetic Group consists of our ammunition brands. The primary products of this segment include ammunition used for training, hunting, target shooting and personal protection.

• Revelyst Outdoor Performance primarily consists of our outdoor cooking, fishing, outdoor accessories and technical gear and apparel brands. The primary products of this segment include waders, sportswear, outerwear, footwear and fishing tools and accessories, performance optics, outdoor accessories and outdoor cooking equipment.

• Revelyst Adventure Sports primarily consists of our protective gear and apparel, footwear, hydration and e-mobility brands. The primary products of this segment include motocross, mountain biking, cycling, and snow sports protection and accessories, as well as bike hydration packs and water bottles, and e-bikes.

• Revelyst Precision Sports Technology primarily consists of our golf technology brands. The primary products of this segment include high-performance golf GPS devices, laser rangefinders and launch monitors.

• In addition, we present a “Corporate” category for purposes of reconciliation, which is not considered a reportable segment.

Management currently considers the following events, results, trends, and uncertainties to be most important to understanding our financial condition, operating performance and significant events:

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, net sales decreased $333,744 as compared to the prior fiscal year. Within The Kinetic Group, these results were caused by lower volume across nearly all categories as channel inventory has normalized, the terminations of the Lake City contract at the beginning of the third quarter of the prior fiscal year, and lower pricing. The Kinetic Group reported a 25.7% decrease in gross profit for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 due to decreased volume and price, unfavorable mix, and increased inputs costs due to inflation, as compared to the prior fiscal year. During fiscal year 2024, our Revelyst Outdoor Performance, Revelyst Adventure Sports and Revelyst Precision Sports Technology segments were significantly and adversely affected by the high interest rates and pressures posed by inflation, which created an increasingly challenging economic environment for consumers, and affected consumer confidence and purchasing patterns. The decrease in consumer demand during fiscal year 2024 resulted in channel partners remaining cautious and not increasing their purchasing behavior. This dynamic led to slower than expected decrease in the inventory levels, increased discounting, lower volume, and unfavorable mix, and as a result, decreased gross profits. These segments combined reported a 3.5% decrease in gross profit for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the prior fiscal year, and a decrease of 54.2% in operating income for the same periods. Despite slower than expected inventory decreases at our channel partners, the Revelyst Outdoor Performance, Revelyst Adventure Sports and Revelyst Precision Sports Technology segments had year-over-year inventory reduction of 27%.

Although we are seeing these signs of improvement in our fourth quarter year over year results, during the third fiscal quarter of 2024, as a result of decreased consumer demand we lowered our projected revenues and operating income for future periods. The lower projections, combined with the decline in our stock price in the third fiscal quarter of 2024, led us to determine there were indicators of potential impairment within our former Revelyst reportable segment, and we performed an interim quantitative goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment analysis during the third fiscal quarter of 2024. During the third fiscal quarter of 2024 we recorded impairment losses of $218,812, which consisted of $161,714 related to goodwill, $50,300 related to our indefinite-lived trademarks and trade names, and $6,798 related to amortizing intangible assets, within the former Revelyst segment. See Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies , and Note 11, Goodwill and Intangible Assets , to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report for further information.

We continue to maintain a strong balance sheet with capital allocation focused on debt paydown. Fiscal year 2024 cash provided by operating activities was $400,887. During this fiscal year, debt decreased by $340,000 to $720,000, with the net paydown of our 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the 2022 Term Loan being paid in full. Our total debt as a percentage of total capitalization (total debt and stockholders' equity) decreased to 39.0% as of March 31, 2024, compared to 48.4% as of our fiscal year 2023.

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GEAR Up Transformation Program

During fiscal year 2024, we initiated the GEAR Up transformation program. GEAR Up is an efficiency and cost savings initiative program, to accelerate growth and transformation within our Revelyst Outdoor Performance, Revelyst Adventure Sports, and Revelyst Precision Sports Technology reportable segments, which is driven by the following key elements:

• Simplification of the Business Model : Simplifying the structure of these reportable segments will accelerate them becoming an integrated house of iconic, high-performing outdoor brands that work together as one cohesive unit to form a globally branded company leveraging shared learnings and Centers of Empowerment to drive execution on a global, omni-channel growth strategy;

• Increased Efficiency and Profitability : Maximizing efficiency and streamlining operations through consolidation of current real estate footprint, back-office technology stack, supply chain and organizational structure; and

• Reinvestment in the Highest Potential Brands : Leveraging substantial opportunity to reinvest into the highest potential brands of these reportable segments to accelerate their growth and innovation pipelines.

We expect GEAR Up to deliver targeted annualized pre-tax operating profit improvements of approximately $100,000. The profit improvements began this fiscal year and we expect to realize $100,000 of run rate cost savings by fiscal year 2027. We are estimating pre-tax restructuring charges of approximately $40,000 to $50,000 over the duration of the plan and expect these charges to be completed by fiscal year 2027. All restructuring charges will be recorded as corporate expenses, and not allocated to our reportable segments. See Note 13, Restructuring, to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report for additional information .

Sale of The Kinetic Group and Planned Separation

October 15, 2023, we entered into a definitive agreement (the “Merger Agreement”) to sell The Kinetic Group business (formerly the Sporting Products business) to CZECHOSLOVAK GROUP a.s. (“CSG”), for an enterprise value of $1,910,000 ("the base purchase price") on a cash-free, debt-free basis subject to working capital adjustments, in an all-cash transaction (the “Sporting Products Sale”). The Sporting Products Sale represents the next step in Vista Outdoor’s plan to split Vista Outdoor into two separate entities, which was previously announced on May 5, 2022. Pursuant to a Separation Agreement entered into between Vista Outdoor and Revelyst, Inc. (“Revelyst”) simultaneously with the entry into the Merger Agreement, Vista Outdoor will separate its Revelyst Outdoor Performance, Revelyst Adventure Sports and Revelyst Precision Sports Technology segments (together, the “Revelyst business”, formerly the Outdoor Products business) from The Kinetic Group business by transferring the assets and liabilities of the Revelyst business to a wholly owned subsidiary of Vista Outdoor, Revelyst, and CSG will merge one of its subsidiaries with Vista Outdoor (holding only The Kinetic Group business), with each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Vista Outdoor ("Vista Outdoor Common Stock") outstanding as of immediately prior to the closing of such transaction (other than shares held by Vista Outdoor, its subsidiaries or CSG, which will be canceled, and shares subject to appraisal demands in connection with the Sporting Products Sale) being converted into the right to receive (a) one fully paid and non-assessable share of common stock of Revelyst and (b) $12.90 in cash (“Cash Consideration”).

On May 27, 2024, the parties entered into the first amendment to the Merger Agreement (the “First Amendment”). The First Amendment:

1. increases the base purchase price from $1,910,000 to $1,960,000;

2. increases the Cash Consideration from $12.90 to $16.00 in cash per share of Vista Outdoor Common Stock; and

3. provides that certain Vista Outdoor restricted stock units held by Company employees will be converted into restricted cash awards, subject to the same terms and conditions as the corresponding Vista Outdoor restricted stock units, including vesting terms, to the extent necessary to address adverse tax consequences to such employees and the Company under Sections 280G and 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

The Sporting Products Sale is expected to close in calendar year 2024, subject to approval of our stockholders, receipt of clearance by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States and other customary closing conditions. There can be no assurance regarding the ultimate timing of the proposed transaction or that the Sporting Products Sale will be completed.

Divestiture - Subsequent Event

On May 1, 2024, we completed the divestiture of the RCBS brand. This business was part of the Revelyst Outdoor Performance reportable segment.

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Pellet Mill Fire

On February 6, 2024, a fire occurred at our Fiber Energy Seymour, Missouri pellet manufacturing location. There were no injuries or environmental issues from the fire. The damage was principally limited to the inventory, raw materials, plant equipment and building structures. As a consequence of the fire damage, the pellet mill is curtailed, and we do not expect any material revenues from this business in our next fiscal year.

RCBS and Fiber Energy Products contributed approximately $30,000 of total combined sales in fiscal year 2024.

Outlook

Sporting Products Industry

The Kinetic Group segment continues to benefit from positive participation trends. While macroeconomic conditions pressure consumer purchasing, the firearms industry continues to have a growth trend. For the 57th straight month, NICS data surpassed more than one million firearms checks. The Kinetic Group has a strong order position, but is expected to experience higher commodity input costs, including powder and copper in fiscal year 2025. We are encouraged by strong sell-through trends in fiscal year 2024, and by overall inventory levels, which remained stable during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.

Outdoor Recreation Industry

The Revelyst Outdoor Performance, Revelyst Adventure Sports and Revelyst Precision Sports Technology segments continue to benefit from strong outdoor participation trends across multiple outdoor activities, including camping, cycling, hunting, fishing and golf. For example, golf participation has expanded into off-course golf, a tremendous growth opportunity where participation reached a new all-time high in 2023 expanding to 33 million participants. With non-golfers making up more than half of these participants, there is a large opportunity to continue to expand the golf market and attract new users. Furthermore, an estimated 54.5 million Americans fished in 2022, an increase of 4% from the prior year. The fishing industry has been consistently stable and the national participation rate in fishing has not dropped below 16% since 2007. We are transforming these segments into the leading global integrated house of brands in the outdoor industry to deliver wildly human experiences for our consumers. We intend to drive growth through innovative product and technology offerings, an enhanced direct-to-consumer channel strategy, and an expanded digital gaming ecosystem. At the end of fiscal year 2024, most of our retailer's inventory levels have come down, but they are managing their inventory tightly as we see more just in time and smaller quantity orders. We expect this dynamic to continue as we head into fiscal year 2025. During fiscal year 2025, we do not expect consumers to meaningfully change purchasing patterns due to ongoing macroeconomic uncertainties. We are expecting that the operational and organizational improvements within these segments, including the GEAR Up transformation program, will continue to positively impact profitability in both the short- and the long-term.

This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of our management on results of operations, our financial condition, liquidity, and certain other factors that may affect our future results. The following information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report.

Current Economic Conditions

Inflation and Consumer Spending

We are exposed to inflationary factors such as increases in labor, supplier, logistics and overhead costs as well as interest rate exposure, which may adversely affect our operating results. During fiscal year 2024, pressures posed by inflation are causing a decline in consumer disposable income, which has temporarily impacted the demand in our brands, and has also contributed to higher costs of products and operating costs within our Revelyst Outdoor Performance, Revelyst Adventure Sports and Revelyst Precision Sports Technology segments. Increased input costs due to inflation have caused decreases in the Kinetic Group segment gross profits during fiscal year 2024. Our sales to retailers and distributors follow the end consumer spending patterns. If these adverse conditions persist or become more severe, this may continue to have an adverse effect on our operating results if the selling prices of our products are not able to offset these increased costs, or if increased selling prices reduce demand for our products. Changes to interest rates in response to inflationary factors could have adverse impacts on our cash flows and operating results depending on the severity and length of the changes. We cannot predict the impact of these adverse conditions on our liquidity and financial results.

Commodity Price Risk

We have been impacted by changes in the prices of raw materials used in production as well as changes in oil and energy costs. In particular, recent increases in the cost of raw materials used in propellants, along with the volatility of commodity metals, such as copper, zinc and lead continue to impact The Kinetic Group segment. We have a strategic sourcing, pricing and

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hedging strategy to mitigate risk from commodity price fluctuation. See Note 4, Derivative Financial Instruments, to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report for more detail. We will continue to evaluate the need for future price changes in light of these trends, our competitive landscape, and our financial results. If our sourcing and pricing strategy is unable to offset impacts of the commodity price fluctuations, our future results from operations and cash flows would be materially impacted.

Results of Operations

Fiscal Year 2024 Compared to Fiscal Year 2023

Our net sales, gross profit, gross profit as a percentage of net sales (gross profit margin), operating income, operating income as a percentage of net sales (operating income margin), other expense (income), net, interest expense, and income tax (benefit) provision by reportable segment and by corporate and other (where applicable) are presented below:

Years ended March 31,

Change

Net Sales:

Dollars

Percent

The Kinetic Group

Revelyst Outdoor Performance

Revelyst Adventure Sports

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology

Total

(a) During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024, we modified our reportable segments. Accordingly, prior comparative periods have been restated to conform to the change.

The Kinetic Group —The decrease in net sales was a result of lower volume across nearly all categories as channel inventory has normalized, the termination of the Lake City contract at the beginning of the third quarter of the prior fiscal year, and lower pricing. These decreases were partially offset by increased shipments of primers and lower discounting.

Revelyst Outdoor Performance —The decrease in net sales was a result of lower volume and price and increased discounting, primarily in optics, shooting accessories, and stoves and stove accessories categories caused by the adverse effects of a challenging economic environment for consumers that reduced demand. These declines were partially offset by sales from Simms Fishing, which was acquired in the second fiscal quarter of the prior year, and increased military product shipments.

Revelyst Adventure Sports —The decrease in net sales is a result of lower volume and increased discounting, primarily in bike, powersports and hydration categories caused by the adverse effects of a challenging economic environment for consumers that reduced demand. These decreases were partially offset by sales from Fox Racing, which was purchased in the second fiscal quarter of the prior year, and increased military product shipments.

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology —The increase in net sales was driven by increased volume in laser ranging category, partially offset by decreased volume in launch monitor category and increased discounting.

Years ended March 31,

Change

Gross Profit:

Dollars

Percent

The Kinetic Group

Revelyst Outdoor Performance

Revelyst Adventure Sports

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology

Corporate and other

Total

Gross profit margin

(a) During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024, we modified our reportable segments. Accordingly, prior comparative periods have been restated to conform to the change.

The Kinetic Group —The decrease in gross profit was primarily caused by decreased volume and price, unfavorable mix, and increased inputs costs due to inflation. These decreases were partially offset by lower discounting. Gross profit margin was 33.4% compared to 37.2% in the prior fiscal year.

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Revelyst Outdoor Performance —The increase in gross profit was primarily driven by Simms Fishing and efficiencies, partially offset by organic business volume declines and pricing. Gross profit margin was 23.9% compared to 22.9% in the prior fiscal year.

Revelyst Adventure Sports —The decrease in gross profit was primarily caused by lower organic business volume, increased discounting, unfavorable mix, and sell through of higher cost inventory, partially offset by sales from Fox Racing and pricing. Gross profit margin was 26.6% compared to 27.0% in the prior fiscal year.

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology —The decrease in gross profit was primarily caused by unfavorable product mix driven by volume shift from launch monitors to laser ranging and, increased discounting and product costs. Gross profit margin was 44.1% compared to 47.7% in the prior fiscal year.

Corporate and Other —Expenses included in gross profit were related to inventory step-up expense from acquisitions in the prior fiscal year.

Years ended March 31,

Change

Operating income (loss):

Dollars

Percent

The Kinetic Group

Revelyst Outdoor Performance

Revelyst Adventure Sports

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology

Corporate and other

Total

Operating income margin

(a) During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024, we modified our reportable segments. Accordingly, prior comparative periods have been restated to conform to the change.

The Kinetic Group —The decrease in operating income was primarily caused by the decrease in gross profit, partially offset by decreased selling costs. Operating income margin was 26.8% compared to 31.4% in the prior fiscal year.

Revelyst Outdoor Performance —The increase in operating loss was primarily caused by increased selling, general, and administrative costs related to an acquired business, partially offset by increased in gross profit and reduced selling costs related to organic businesses. Operating income margin was (0.6)% compared to (0.2)% in the prior fiscal year.

Revelyst Adventure Sports —The decrease in operating income was primarily caused by increased selling, general, and administrative costs related to an acquired business and lower gross profit, partially offset by decreased selling, general, and administrative costs related to organic businesses. Operating income margin was (1.3)% compared to 1.2% in the prior fiscal year.

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology —The decrease in operating income was primarily caused by decreased gross profit and increased research and development and selling costs. Operating income margin was 16.6% compared to 23.7% in the prior fiscal year.

Corporate and Other —The decrease in operating loss was primarily driven by decreased goodwill and intangible impairment, stock-based compensation, annual incentive compensation, inventory step-up, transaction and executive transition expense. These decreases were partially offset by increased non-cash expense related to the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration as compared to the non-cash income recognized in the prior fiscal year and planned separation, GEAR Up transformation costs, transition and post-acquisition compensation expense.

Years ended March 31,

Change

Other expense (income), net:

Dollars

Percent

Other expense (income), net

The change from other income in the prior fiscal year to other expense in the current fiscal year was caused by changes in foreign exchange gains and losses.

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Years ended March 31,

Change

Interest expense, net:

Dollars

Percent

Corporate and other

The increase in interest expense was due to higher interest rates and debt issuance cost write offs, offset by a decrease in our average debt balance.

Years ended March 31,

Income tax (benefit) provision:

Effective

Rate

Effective

Rate

Change

Corporate and other

See Note 16, Income Taxes , to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report, for information regarding income taxes.

The decrease in the current period effective tax rate is primarily due to the impact of nondeductible impairment of goodwill.

Our provision for income taxes includes federal, state and foreign income taxes. The effective tax rate for fiscal year 2024 of 62.0% is reflective of the federal statutory rate of 21% increased by the beneficial deductions for foreign derived intangible income and changes in tax contingency, partially offset by nondeductible impairment of goodwill and non-deductible earnouts.

The effective tax rate for fiscal year 2023 of 119.2% differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the impact of nondeductible impairment of goodwill and state taxes, partially offset by the deduction for foreign derived intangible income.

Fiscal Year 2023 Compared to Fiscal Year 2022

Our net sales, gross profit, gross profit as a percentage of net sales (gross profit margin), operating income, operating income as a percentage of net sales (operating income margin), interest expense, and income tax provision by reporting segment and by corporate and other (where applicable) are presented below (dollars in thousands):

Years ended March 31,

Change

Net Sales:

Dollars

Percent

The Kinetic Group

Revelyst Outdoor Performance

Revelyst Adventure Sports

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology

Total

(a) During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024, we modified our reportable segments. Accordingly, prior periods have been restated to conform to the change.

The Kinetic Group —The increase in net sales was driven by improved pricing in all categories and higher volume in primer and rimfire, partially offset by termination of the Lake City contract at the beginning of the third quarter of fiscal year 2023 and volume declines in pistol.

Revelyst Outdoor Performance —The decrease in net sales is related primarily to reduced purchasing across nearly all channels, partially offset by increased sales from the acquisition of Simms Fishing in the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, Stone Glacier in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2022, and Fiber Energy in the third quarter in fiscal year 2022, pricing and increased direct-to-consumer sales.

Revelyst Adventure Sports —The increase in net sales was driven by the acquisition of Fox Racing in the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, price, and increased direct-to-consumer sales, partially offset by declines in organic brand volume primarily due to reduced purchasing across nearly all channels.

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology —The increase in net sales was driven by the acquisition of Foresight Sports in the third quarter of fiscal year 2022, pricing and increased direct-to-consumer sales, partially offset by declines in organic volume primarily in laser ranging category.

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Years ended March 31,

Change

Gross Profit:

Dollars

Percent

The Kinetic Group

Revelyst Outdoor Performance

Revelyst Adventure Sports

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology

Corporate and other

Total

Gross profit margin

( a) During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024, we modified our reportable segments. Accordingly, prior comparative periods have been restated to conform to the change.

The Kinetic Group —The decrease in gross profit was caused by increased commodity and freight costs and lower volume. The decrease was partially offset by improved pricing. Gross profit margin was 37.2% in fiscal year 2023 compared to 41.0% in fiscal year 2022.

Revelyst Outdoor Performance —The net decrease in gross profit was primarily driven by volume changes as discussed above. Gross profit margin was 22.9% in fiscal year 2023 compared to 27.4% in fiscal year 2022.

Revelyst Adventure Sports —The net increase in gross profit was primarily driven by volume from Fox Racing and improved pricing, which was partially offset by organic businesses’ volume declines and increased product and freight costs. Gross profit margin was 27.0% in fiscal year 2023 compared to 28.1% in fiscal year 2022.

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology —The net increase in gross profit was primarily driven by volume from the acquisition of Foresight Sports as discussed above. Gross profit margin was 47.7% in fiscal year 2023 compared to 47.6% in fiscal year 2022.

Corporate and Other —Expenses included in gross profit were related to inventory step-up expense from acquisitions in fiscal years 2023 and 2022.

Years ended March 31,

Change

Operating income (loss):

Dollars

Percent

The Kinetic Group

Revelyst Outdoor Performance

Revelyst Adventure Sports

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology

Corporate and other

Total

Operating income margin

(a) During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024, we modified our reportable segments. Accordingly, prior comparative periods have been restated to conform to the change.

The Kinetic Group —The decrease in operating income was primarily caused by the decrease in gross profit, partially offset by decreased incentive compensation and marketing costs. Operating income margin was 31.4% in fiscal year 2023 compared to 34.5% in fiscal year 2022.

Revelyst Outdoor Performance —The decrease in operating income was primarily driven by the decrease in gross profit of organic businesses and increased selling, general and administrative costs related to Simms Fishing. Operating income margin was (0.2)% in fiscal year 2023, compared to 10.4% in fiscal year 2022.

Revelyst Adventure Sports —The decrease in operating income was primarily driven by increased selling, general and administrative expenses related to Fox Racing, partially offset by the increase in gross profit as discussed above. Operating income margin was 1.2% in fiscal year 2023, compared to 9.8% in fiscal year 2022.

Revelyst Precision Sports Technology —The increase in operating income was primarily driven by the Foresight Sports increased gross profit. Operating income margin was 23.7% in fiscal year 2023, compared to 27.6% in fiscal year 2022.

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Corporate and Other —The increase in operating loss was primarily caused by goodwill and tradename impairments, increased planned separation costs, reorganization costs, inventory step-up expense, transaction costs, and transition costs. The decline was partially offset by a decrease in the fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities and lower incentive compensation expense.

Years ended March 31,

Change

Other income, net:

Dollars

Percent

Corporate and other

The increase in other income, net was caused by foreign exchange gains related to our businesses acquired during fiscal year 2023.

Years ended March 31,

Change

Interest expense, net:

Dollars

Percent

Corporate and other

The increase in interest expense was due to higher interest rates and an increase in our average debt balance.

Years ended March 31,

Income tax provision:

Effective

Rate

Effective

Rate

Change

Corporate and other

See Note 16, Income Taxes , to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report, for information regarding income taxes.

The increase in the fiscal year 2023 tax rate compared to fiscal year 2022 is primarily due to the impact of nondeductible impairment of goodwill.

Our provision for income taxes includes federal, state and foreign income taxes. The effective tax rate for fiscal year 2023 of 119.2% differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the impact of nondeductible impairment of goodwill and state taxes, partially offset by the deduction for foreign derived intangible income.

The effective tax rate for fiscal year 2022 of 23.8% differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the impact of state taxes and is partially offset by changes in tax contingency.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We manage our business to maximize operating cash flows as the primary source of liquidity. In addition to cash on hand and cash generated by operations, our sources of liquidity include committed credit facilities and access to the public debt and equity markets. We use our cash primarily to fund investments in our existing businesses and for debt payments, acquisitions, share repurchases, and other activities.

Financial Condition

Cash decreased to $60,271 as of March 31, 2024 from $86,208 at March 31, 2023. We used cash during the year to pay off our 2022 Term Loan and for net paydown of our 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility, capital expenditures and our acquisition of PinSeeker. These uses of cash were partially offset by cash provided from our operating activities of $400,887.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $85,298 from the prior fiscal year. The decrease was primarily driven by the timing of accounts receivable collections. Cash used to purchase inventory decreased compared to the prior fiscal year as a result of our successful inventory management programs within our Revelyst Outdoor Performance, Revelyst Adventure Sports and Revelyst Precision Sports Technology segments.

Investing Activities

Cash used for investing activities decreased $742,985 from the prior fiscal year. The prior fiscal year cash usage was driven by the acquisition of businesses.

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Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities decreased $747,649 from the prior fiscal year. During the prior fiscal year, we obtained 2022 Term Loan and had net advances on our ABL Revolving Credit Facility. During the current fiscal year, we paid off the 2022 Term Loan, made net repayments on our ABL Revolving Credit Facility and made higher contingent consideration payments as compared to the prior fiscal year.

Liquidity

In addition to our normal operating cash requirements, our principal future cash requirements are to fund capital expenditures, debt repayments, earn-outs related to previous acquisitions, execution of our GEAR Up transformation program and any strategic acquisitions. Our short-term cash requirements for operations are expected to consist mainly of capital expenditures to maintain production facilities and working capital requirements. Our debt service requirements over the next two years consist of required interest payments due under our 4.5% Notes and 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility. Our 2022 Term Loan was paid in full during the fourth fiscal quarter of fiscal year 2024.

Based on our current financial condition, management believes that our cash position, combined with anticipated generation of cash flows and the availability of funding, if needed, under our 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility, access to debt and equity markets, as well as other potential sources of funding including additional bank financing, will be adequate to fund future growth, to service our currently anticipated short-term and long-term debt obligations, make capital expenditures, pay earn-outs related to previous acquisitions, and execute our GEAR Up transformation program over the next 12 months. As of March 31, 2024, based on the borrowing base less outstanding borrowings of $220,000, outstanding letters of credit of $14,612, less the minimum required borrowing base of $57,000 the amount available under the 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility was $237,109. Our total debt as a percentage of total capitalization (total debt and stockholders' equity) was 39% as of March 31, 2024. See Note 14, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report, for a detailed discussion of our indebtedness.

There can be no assurance that the cost or availability of future borrowings, if any, will not be materially impacted by capital and credit market conditions, including any disruptions to these markets, as a result of natural disasters and public health crises or other significant catastrophic events, or our future financial condition and performance. Furthermore, because our 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility is secured in large part by receivables from our customers, a sustained deterioration in general economic conditions that adversely affects the creditworthiness of our customers could have a negative effect on our future available liquidity under the 2022 ABL Revolving Credit Facility.

Share Repurchases

Additional information regarding our share repurchases during fiscal year 2024 is presented in Part II, Item 5 of this Annual Report.

Material Cash Requirements

The following tables summarize our material cash requirements as of March 31, 2024:

Material cash requirements by period

Total

Less than

1 year

Years 2 - 3

Years 4 - 5

More than

5 years

Long-term debt

Interest on debt

Operating leases

Purchase commitments and other

Pension plan contributions

Total

Payments for interest are based on outstanding debt as of March 31, 2024.

Pension plan contributions are an estimate of the contributions we will make to the plans through fiscal 2033 to provide pension benefits for employees based on expected actuarial estimated funding requirements through fiscal 2033.

The total liability for uncertain tax positions as of March 31, 2024, was approximately $24,853 (see Note 16, Income Taxes, to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report), none of which is expected to be paid

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within 12 months. We are unable to provide a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of future payments relating to the non-current uncertain tax position obligations.

Contingencies

Litigation

From time-to-time, we are subject to various legal proceedings, including lawsuits, which arise out of and are incidental to the conduct of our business. We do not consider any of such proceedings that are currently pending, individually or in the aggregate, to be material to our business or likely to result in a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, or cash flows.

Environmental Liabilities

Our operations and ownership or use of real property are subject to a number of federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations, as well as applicable foreign laws and regulations, including those governing the discharge of hazardous materials, remediation of contaminated sites, and restoration of damage to the environment. We are obligated to conduct investigation and/or remediation activities at certain sites that we own or operate or formerly owned or operated.

Certain of our former subsidiaries have been identified as PRPs, along with other parties, in regulatory agency actions associated with hazardous waste sites. As a PRP, those former subsidiaries may be required to pay a share of the costs of the investigation and clean-up of these sites. In that event, we would be obligated to indemnify those subsidiaries for such costs. While uncertainties exist with respect to the amounts and timing of the ultimate environmental liabilities, based on currently available information, we do not currently expect that these potential liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, or cash flows.

We could incur substantial additional costs, including cleanup costs, resource restoration, fines, and penalties or third-party property damage or personal injury claims, as a result of violations or liabilities under environmental laws or non-compliance with environmental permits. While environmental laws and regulations have not had a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, or cash flows in the past, and we have environmental management programs in place to mitigate these risks, it is difficult to predict whether they will have a material impact in the future.

See Note 17, Commitments and Contingencies, to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report for additional information.

Dependence on Key Customers; Concentration of Credit

No customer contributed more than 10% of sales during fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022. If a key customer fails to meet payment obligations, our operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.

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