SCND Scientific Industries Inc - 10-K

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

In connection with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, important risk factors are identified below that could affect the Company’s financial performance and could cause the Company’s actual results for future periods to differ materially from any opinions or statements expressed with respect to such future periods in any current statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly revise any forward-looking announcements to reflect future events or circumstances.

Risks Relating to Our Financial Position and Capital Requirements

We have limited financial resources and we may need to raise additional funding. If we are unable to raise capital when needed, we could be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate our product discovery and development programs or commercialization efforts.

In order to be successful with our product development and commercialization programs, principally as it pertains to our bioprocessing sector, we believe that we will need to continue to invest substantial capital into such programs in the foreseeable future. We expect our total operating expenses to continue to be material in connection with our ongoing activities, particularly as we continue with our emphasis on the bioprocessing sector. We expect to continue to incur substantial expenses related to the development of new products and technologies, primarily related to bioprocessing products. Our ability to conduct additional research and development activities and commercialization efforts are dependent upon the availability of funding and cash generated from sales of newly-introduced products.

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In such an event, we may be required to obtain further funding through public or private equity offerings, debt financings, collaborations and licensing arrangements, product line divestitures, or other sources. We do not have any committed external source of funds. If additional funding is necessary, adequate additional financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital in sufficient amounts and on terms acceptable to us, - we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development or commercialization of bioprocessing or any of our other products. Our failure to raise capital as and when needed could have a negative impact on our financial condition and our ability to pursue our business strategy.

Our future funding requirements, both short-term and long-term, will depend on many factors, including: the scope, progress, timing, costs and results of our current and future product candidates; our ability to enter into, and the terms and timing of, any collaborations, licensing or other arrangements; the number of future product candidates that we pursue and their development requirements; the costs and timing of establishing product sales, marketing, distribution and commercial-scale manufacturing capabilities; the effect of competing technological and market developments; our headcount growth and associated costs as we expand our research and development; and the costs of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications, maintaining and protecting our intellectual property rights including enforcing and defending intellectual property related claims.

Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our then-existing shareholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish rights to our technologies or product candidates.

To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of common shares, convertible securities or other equity securities, the ownership interests of the then-existing equity holders may be diluted, and the terms of these securities could include liquidation or other preferences and anti-dilution protections that could adversely affect the rights of the then-existing common shareholders. In addition, debt financing, if available, may result in fixed payment obligations and may involve agreements that include restrictive covenants that limit our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures, creating liens, redeeming stock or declaring dividends, that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our business. In addition, securing financing could require a substantial amount of time and attention from our management and may divert a disproportionate amount of their attention away from day-to-day activities, which may adversely affect our management’s ability to oversee the development of our product candidates.

If we raise additional funds through collaborations or marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements with third parties, or product line divestitures, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.

We have a history of Operating losses and will likely incur future losses during the next few years as we attempt to grow and develop our bioprocessing sector.

We incurred net losses of $1,220,400 and $6,445,400 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $35,150,900. We expect to continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future as our expenses related to the growth and expansion of our Bioprocessing Systems operations will exceed revenues expected to be generated. The Company sold its profitable Genie Division of the Benchtop Laboratory Equipment Operations in August 2025, and the remaining Torbal division is not yet profitable. The Company also incurs substantial corporate costs including accounting, auditing, legal, shareholder, regulatory, etc. Because of the uncertainties and risks associated with these activities, we are unable to accurately predict the timing and amount of future revenues, and if or when we might achieve profitability. We may never succeed in these activities and, even if we do, we may never generate revenues that are large enough for us to achieve profitability. Even if we do achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.

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If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls over financial reporting in the future, our ability to produce accurate and timely financial statements could be impaired, which could harm our operating results, investors’ views of us and, as a result, the value of our Common Stock.

Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 and related rules, our management is required to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. The rules governing the standards that must be met for management to assess our internal control over financial reporting are complex and require significant documentation, testing and possible remediation. To comply with the requirements of being a reporting company under the Exchange Act, we may need to further upgrade our systems, including information technology, implement additional financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures and hire additional accounting and finance staff, and specialists. If material weaknesses or deficiencies in our internal controls exist and go undetected, our financial statements could contain material misstatements that, when discovered in the future could cause us to fail to meet our future reporting obligations and cause the price of our Common Stock to decline.

Limited public market for our common stock and active trading market may never develop or be sustained.

As of March 27, 2026, there were 11,928,599 shares of Common Stock of the Company outstanding, of which 35% are held by the three largest shareholders of the Company. The Common Stock of the Company is traded on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board and, historically, has been thinly traded. There have been a number of trading days during Fiscal 2025 and 2024 on which no trades of the Company’s Common Stock were reported. Accordingly, the market price for the Common Stock is subject to great volatility. The lack of an active trading market may impair the value of the shares of our common stock and shareholders’ ability to sell their shares. An inactive trading market may also impair the Company’s ability to raise capital by selling shares of common stock and to enter into strategic partnerships or other business strategies.

Risks Relating to Our Business

The commercial success of our bioprocessing products will largely depend upon attaining significant market acceptance.

Our ability to execute our growth strategy and achieve commercial success in our bioprocessing sector will depend upon the adoption by customers of our products and bioprocessing solutions. We cannot predict how quickly, if at all, our products will be accepted or, if accepted, how frequently they will be used. Our bioprocessing products may never gain broad market acceptance. The market for bioprocessing products is relatively new, subject to rapid innovation and remains uncertain. The degree of market acceptance of any of our products will depend on a number of factors, including the prevalence and severity of any complications associated with our products, the competitive pricing of our products; and the quality of our products meeting customer expectations.

Failure to achieve or maintain market acceptance and/or market share would limit our ability to generate revenue and would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, if we cannot build and maintain strong working relationships with these professionals and seek their advice and input on our product candidates, the development and marketing of our future products could suffer, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we are unable to obtain and maintain patent and other intellectual property protection for any of our new bioprocessing products, or if the scope of the patent and other intellectual property protection obtained is not sufficiently broad, our competitors could develop and commercialize products and technology similar or identical to ours, and our ability to successfully commercialize any product we may develop may be adversely affected.

The commercial success of our bioprocessing segment will also depend on our ability to obtain and maintain patent, trademark, trade secret and other intellectual property protection of our new bioprocessing products and other technology, methods used to manufacture them and methods of treatment, as well as successfully defending our patent and other intellectual property rights against third-party challenges. It is difficult and costly to protect and enforce intellectual property rights, and we may not be able to ensure the same for every product. Our ability to stop unauthorized third parties from making, using, selling, offering to sell, importing or otherwise commercializing our new organ candidates is dependent upon the extent to which we have rights under valid and enforceable patents or trade secrets that cover these activities.

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We seek to protect our proprietary position by developing a comprehensive intellectual property portfolio including filing patent applications and obtaining granted patents in the United States and abroad related to our bioprocessing products that are important to our business. If we are unable to obtain or maintain patent protection with respect to a product we may develop, or if the scope of the patent protection secured is not sufficiently broad, our competitors could develop and commercialize products and technology similar or identical to ours and our ability to commercialize that product candidate may be adversely affected.

The patent prosecution process is expensive, time-consuming, and complex, and we may not be able to file, prosecute, maintain, enforce, or license all necessary or desirable patent applications at a reasonable cost or in a timely manner. In addition, we may not pursue or obtain patent protection in all relevant markets. It is also possible that we will fail to identify patentable aspects of our research and development output in time to obtain patent protection. Although we enter into non-disclosure and confidentiality agreements with parties who have access to confidential or patentable aspects of our research and development output, such as our employees, corporate collaborators, outside scientific collaborators, contract manufacturers, consultants, advisors, and other third parties, any of these parties may breach the agreements and disclose such output before a patent application is filed, thereby jeopardizing our ability to seek patent protection. In addition, our ability to obtain and maintain valid and enforceable patents depends on whether the differences between our inventions and the prior art allow our inventions to be patentable over the prior art. Furthermore, publications of discoveries in the scientific literature often lag behind the actual discoveries, and patent applications in the United States and other jurisdictions are typically not published until 18 months after filing, or in some cases not at all. Therefore, we cannot be certain that we were the first to make the inventions claimed in our patents or pending patent applications, or that we were the first to file for patent protection of such inventions.

If our trademarks and trade names are not adequately protected, then we may not be able to build name recognition in our markets of interest and our business may be adversely affected.

Our registered or unregistered trademarks or trade names may be challenged, infringed, circumvented or declared generic or determined to be infringing on other marks. We may not be able to protect our rights to these trademarks and trade names, which we need to build name recognition among potential partners or customers in our markets of interest. At times, competitors or other third parties may adopt trade names or trademarks similar to ours, thereby impeding our ability to build brand identity and possibly leading to market confusion. In addition, there could be potential trade name or trademark infringement claims brought by owners of other registered trademarks or trademarks that incorporate variations of our registered or unregistered trademarks or trade names. Over the long term, if we are unable to establish name recognition based on our trademarks and trade names, then we may not be able to compete effectively and our business may be adversely affected. Our efforts to enforce or protect our proprietary rights related to trademarks, trade secrets, domain names, copyrights or other intellectual property may be ineffective and could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects.

If we lose the services of key management personnel, we may not be able to execute our business strategy effectively.

Our future success depends in a large part upon the continued service of key members of our senior management team. The loss of services from any of Ms. Helena Santos, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. Zachary Rovinsky, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, Assistant Secretary and Assistant Treasurer, Mr. Karl Nowosielski, the President of the Torbal Products Division of the Benchtop Laboratory Operations, Mr. Daniel Donadille, the Chief Executive Officer and President of the Bioprocessing Systems Operations, or Mr. John A. Moore, the Company’s Chairman, or any material expansion of the Company’s operations could place a significant additional strain on the Company’s limited management resources and could be materially adverse to the Company’s operating results and financial condition.

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If we lose one or more of our key employees, our ability to implement our business strategy successfully could be seriously harmed. Furthermore, replacing key employees may be difficult and may take an extended period of time because of the limited number of individuals in our industry with the breadth of skills and experience required to develop, gain marketing approval of and commercialize products successfully.

We rely on highly skilled personnel and, if unable to retain, fully utilize or hire additional qualified personnel, we may not be able to grow effectively.

Our performance is largely dependent on the talents and efforts of highly skilled individuals. The Company’s future success depends on the continued ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate and retain highly skilled personnel for all areas of the organization. Competition in the industry for qualified employees is intense, and it is likely that certain competitors will directly target some of our employees. The continued ability to compete effectively depends on the ability to retain and motivate existing employees.

Management may also need to hire additional qualified personnel with expertise in the bioprocessing sector, including with respect to research and testing, formulation and manufacturing and sales and marketing. We compete for qualified individuals with numerous biopharmaceutical companies and other emerging entrepreneurial companies, as well as universities and research institutions. Competition for such individuals is intense, and we may not be able to successfully recruit or retain such personnel. Attracting and retaining qualified personnel will be critical to our success.

Our Company’s future depends heavily on international operations.

The Company’s Bioprocessing Systems Operations is substantially operated out of Germany with the management and the majority of research, manufacturing, marketing, accounting, and administration functions located in its Baesweiler, Germany facility. As a result, the Company’s Bioprocessing Systems Operations is physically located in a different geographical location which could pose inherent risks in systems of internal controls, and is subject to various laws and regulations that differ from those of the parent company in the U.S.

We may not successfully manage any experienced growth.

Our success will depend upon the expansion of our operations and the effective management of any such growth will place a significant strain on management and on administrative, operational and financial resources. To manage any such growth, management must expand the facilities, augment operational, financial and management systems, and hire and train additional qualified personnel. If management is unable to manage our growth effectively, our business would be harmed.

Our growth strategy is based on certain assumptions as to the bioprocessing market.

We have made certain assumptions on the market size and market acceptance of our bioprocessing products based on market studies and general knowledge of the bioprocessing market. While we believe our assumptions and the data underlying our estimates are reasonable, these assumptions and estimates may not be correct and the conditions supporting our assumptions or estimates may change at any time, thereby reducing the predictive accuracy of these underlying factors. As a result, our assumptions and estimates of the bioprocessing market for our product candidates may prove to be incorrect. If the price at which we can sell future products is less than the price we are projecting, or the addressable market for our product candidates is smaller than we have estimated, it could have an adverse impact on our business.

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Dependence on major customers.

Sales to the top Benchtop Laboratory Equipment operations customer accounted for approximately 42% and 36% of the segment’s total sales for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively and 31% and 23% of consolidated net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

No representation can be made that the Company will be successful in retaining this customer, or not suffer a material reduction in sales, either of which could have an adverse effect on future operating results of the Company.

The Company is a small participant in each of the industries in which it operates.

The Torbal line of products is a small market participant in its industry with significant competition from well-known brands. The principal competitors are substantially larger with much greater financial and marketing resources.

The Company’s Bioprocessing Systems operations is a participant in the laboratory-scale sector of the larger bioprocessing products industry, which is dominated by several companies that are significantly larger, and the Company’s bioprocessing operations are still in the start-up phase of operations.

The Company’s ability to grow and compete effectively depends in part on its ability to develop and effectively market new products .

The Company’s Benchtop Laboratory Equipment Operations introduced its first VIVID® pill counter in 2020 and has continuously invested in development and marketing of this automated pill counter line, with one significant product introduced during fiscal 2025 and additional launches planned for the near future.

The success of the Company’s Bioprocessing Systems operations will depend heavily on its ability to successfully develop, produce, and market new products. Commencing in the last quarter of fiscal year ended June 30, 2019, the Company began to commit substantial resources to its Bioprocessing Systems operations in the form of employees, materials, supplies, marketing, and facilities to accelerate its product development efforts and marketing activities. Bioprocessing products are of a complex nature in an industry that the Company had not traditionally operated in and have taken much longer to develop than previously anticipated. In addition, bioprocessing products will be subject to beta testing and adoption by end users, which could result in design and/or production changes which could further extend development time. On April 29, 2021, the Company acquired Aquila in an effort to accelerate development of its bioprocessing products. The Company continues to incur substantial product development and sales and marketing costs related to its Bioprocessing Systems operations.

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No assurance can be given that the Company will be successful with its new product development or that its sales and marketing programs will be sufficient to develop additional commercially feasible products which will be accepted by the marketplace, or that any distributor will include or retain any new Company products in its catalogs and websites.

Exchange rates — The Company is exposed to foreign exchange rate risk .

Substantially all of the Company’s sales are in US dollars. As a result of the acquisition of Aquila in April 2021, the Company is subject to foreign exchange rate risk, both transactional and translational, which may negatively affect our financial performance. Transactional foreign exchange exposures result from exchange rate fluctuations, including in respect of the U.S. dollar and the Euro. Translational foreign exchange exposures result from exchange rate fluctuations in the conversion of the entity’s functional currency to U.S. dollars, consistent with the Company’s reporting currency, and may affect the reported value of the Company’s assets and liabilities and its income and expenses. In particular, the Company’s translational exposure may be impacted by movements in the exchange rate between the Euro against the U.S. dollar.

The Company may be subject to general economic, political and social factors .

Orders for the Company’s products depend in part, on the customer’s ability to secure funds to finance purchases, especially government funding for research activities. Availability of funds can be affected by budgetary constraints. Factors including a general economic recession, a European crisis, slowdown in Asian economies, or a major terrorist attack may have a negative impact on the availability of funding including government or academic grants to potential customers.

Tariffs imposed by the U.S.  also has a negative impact on the total cost of our products and our gross margins, as the Company may not be able to fully pass on the added costs.

Higher material and transportation costs and tariffs over the last few years has resulted in significantly higher costs for some of the Company’s components. Such increased costs could have a negative effect on the Company’s future gross margins, if the Company is unable to pass such cost increases to its customers.

The Company is heavily dependent on outside suppliers for the components of its products .

The Company purchases most of its components from outside suppliers and relies on a few single-source suppliers for some components, mostly due to cost considerations. Most of the Company’s suppliers, including its U.S. vendors, produce the components directly or indirectly in overseas factories, and orders are subject to long lead times and potential other risks related to production in a foreign country, such as current and potential future tariffs, and electronic parts shortages. To minimize the risk of supply shortages, the Company keeps more than normal quantities on hand of the critical components that cannot easily be procured or, where feasible and cost effective, purchases are made from more than one supplier. However, alternate suppliers are not always feasible for various reasons including complexity and cost of toolings. A shortage of components or vendor inability to deliver due to shipping and cargo issues could halt production and have a material negative effect on the Company’s operations.

The Company’s ability to compete depends in part on its ability to secure and maintain proprietary rights to its products .

The Company has no patent protection for its Benchtop Laboratory Equipment products, other than the VIVID® pill counter. There are several competitive products available in the marketplace possessing similar technical specifications and design.

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As discussed above in detail, the Company’s Bioprocessing Operations through its Aquila division holds several patents in Europe and the United States related to its products and underlying technology and has several patent applications pending in Europe and the United States of America, and sublicenses from third parties on a regular basis additional technology needed for its product development.

There can be no assurance that any patent issued or licensed to the Company provides or will provide the Company with competitive advantages or will not be challenged by third parties. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that others will not independently develop similar products or design around the Company’s patents. Any of the foregoing activities could have a material adverse effect on the Company. Moreover, enforcement by the Company of its patent or license rights may require substantial litigation costs.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comment.

Not required for smaller reporting companies.

Item 1C. Cybersecurity.

Risk Management and Strategy

In accordance with the Securities Exchange Commission ("SEC") rules, the Company is required to assess, identify, and manage material risks associated with cybersecurity threats, as such term is defined in Item 106(a) of Regulation S-K. These risks include, among other things, operational disruption, intellectual property theft, fraud, extortion, harm to employees or customers, violation of privacy or security laws and other litigation and legal risks, and reputational risks.

We have developed, implemented, and maintain certain cybersecurity processes and controls intended to safeguard our information systems and protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our data, based on material risks identified.

We have strategically integrated cybersecurity risk management into our broader risk management framework to promote a company-wide culture of cybersecurity risk management and as part of our decision-making processes. We have implemented and maintain various information security processes designed to identify, assess and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats to our critical computer networks, third-party hosted services, communications systems, hardware and software, and our critical data, including but not limited to regular network and endpoint monitoring, vulnerability assessments, various system backups of all information, and through policy and procedure inform and train employees on the Company’s underlying practices, and annual assessment and testing of such controls. Our information security function is responsible for identifying, assessing and managing cybersecurity threats and risks and works to monitor and evaluate our threat environment and risk profile.

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2025, we did not identify any cybersecurity threats or incidents that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. However, we cannot provide assurance that they will not be materially affected in the future by such risks or any future material incidents.

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Governance

Our Board of Directors addresses cybersecurity risk management as part of its general oversight function and delegates cybersecurity risk management oversight to our Audit Committee. Our management team is responsible for assessing and managing our material risks from cybersecurity threats and provides updates to the Audit Committee on major developments regarding cybersecurity matters. The Audit Committee has oversight responsibility for risks and incidents relating to cybersecurity threats, including compliance with disclosure requirements, cooperation with law enforcement, and related effects on financial and other risks, and reports any findings and recommendations, as appropriate, to the Board of Directors for consideration.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the related notes thereto, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). Certain statements contained in this report are not based on historical facts but are forward-looking statements that are based upon various assumptions about future conditions. Actual events in the future could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking information. Numerous unknown factors and future events could cause such differences, including but not limited to, product demand, market acceptance, success of marketing strategy, success of expansion efforts, impact of competition, adverse economic conditions, and other factors affecting the Company’s business that are beyond the Company’s control, which are discussed elsewhere in this report. Consequently, no forward- looking statement can be guaranteed. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Overview .

Scientific Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“SI” and along with its subsidiaries, the “Company”, “we”, “our”), is engaged in the design, manufacture, and marketing of standard benchtop laboratory equipment (“Benchtop Laboratory Equipment”), and through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Scientific Bioprocessing Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“SBHI”), the design, manufacture, and marketing of bioprocessing systems and products (“Bioprocessing Systems”). SBHI has two wholly-owned subsidiaries – Scientific Bioprocessing, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“SBI”), and aquila biolabs GmbH, a German corporation (“Aquila”). The Company’s products are used primarily for research purposes by universities, pharmaceutical companies, pharmacies, national laboratories, medical device manufacturers, and other industries performing laboratory-scale research.

Results of Operations .

The Company’s results reflect the results of the Benchtop Laboratory Equipment operations and the Bioprocessing Systems operations. As of August 7, 2025 the Genie Division of the Benchtop Laboratory Equipment Operations became discontinued due to the sale of the GENIE product line to Troemner LLC, however the Company continued to produce and market its Torbal® weighing and measurement products.

The Company realized a loss from continuing operations of $1,780,300 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to loss from operations of $8,023,600 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease in the loss from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to year ended December 31, 2024 is primarily due to the sale of the Genie® product line which resulted in a gain of $5,263,400, and reduced expenses.

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Year Ended December 31, 2025 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2024

Net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2025 increased $256,700 (5.4%) to $5,053,800 from $4,797,100 for year ended December 31, 2024, reflecting an increase of approximately $645,100 in net revenues from the Benchtop Laboratory Equipment Operations. Such increase resulted primarily from increased sales of the Torbal®  division products, offset by decrease in sales from the Bioprocessing Systems products which sales are derived principally from the new DOTS MPS product introduced during the year ended December 31, 2025.

The gross profit percentage for the year ended December 31, 2025 decreased to 25.8% from 41.8% for the year ended December 31, 2024, due primarily to inventory write-offs within the Bioprocessing segment of slow moving and obsolete items.  Without the effect of write-offs, the gross profit percentage would have been 42.6%.

General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2025 decreased by $850,600 (20.6%) to $3,268,800 compared to $4,119,400 for the year ended December 31, 2024 due to decreased expenses of the Bioprocessing Systems Operations and corporate expenses in conjunction with cost savings initiatives.

Selling expenses for the year ended December 31, 2025 decreased by $60,800 (1.9%) to $3,114,900 from $3,205,700 for the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily due to the decreased expenses of the Bioprocessing Systems Operations in conjunction with cost savings initiatives.

Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2025 decreased by $410,200 (14.2%) to $2,487,700 from $2,897,900 for the year ended December 31, 2024, due to cost reductions by the Bioprocessing Systems Operations in conjunction with cost savings initiatives.

Total other income, net for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $6,114,200 and $192,800, respectively. The increase was due primarily to the sale of Genie product line which resulted in a gain on sale of $5,263,400, and payroll tax related reimbursements in the Bioprocessing Systems Operations segment.

The Company reflected income tax expense for continuing operations of $4,600 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company maintains a full valuation allowance of $12,928,000 against the consolidated net deferred tax asset as the Company determined the net deferred tax assets which includes net operating loss carry-forwards and other tax credits, are more likely not to be realized in the future. In the event in the future the Company changes the determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, the Company will adjust the valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made.

As a result of the foregoing, the Company recorded a loss from continuing operations of $1,780,300 for the years ended December 31, 2025 compared to a loss from continuing operations of $8,023,600 for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Company reflected income from discontinued operations related to the sale of the Genie division of the Benchtop Laboratory Equipment Operations of $559,900 and $1,578,200 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

As a result of the above, the Company recorded a net loss of $1,220,400 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to a net loss of $6,445,400 for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Liquidity and Capital Resources.

Cash and cash equivalents increased by $367,100 to $955,000 as of December 31, 2025 from $587,900 as of December 31, 2024.

Net cash used in operating activities was $8,149,600 for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $3,046,100 for the year ended December 31, 2024. This reflected the sale of the Genie division.

Net cash  provided by investing activities was $3,831,000 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $2,866,000 for the year ended December 31, 2024, with the increase reflecting the proceeds from the sale of the Genie division of the Benchtop Laboratory Equipment Operations.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,952,200 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $645,700 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase is primarily due to  the issuance of common stock and exercise of certain warrants in the current year.

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Historically at the end of each reporting period, the Company has evaluated whether there are certain conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements were issued. Since the fiscal year ended June 30, 2020 the Company has recorded recuring losses from operations and continued cash outflow from operating activities as a result of its strategic focus on the Bioprocessing Systems Operations, which is still in its start-up stage.

Historically the Company has relied on equity financings.  For the year ended December 31, 2025, in addition to equity financings, the Company generated positive cash flows as a result of the sale of the Genie® Product line which occurred in August 2025.  The Company reflected an accumulated deficit of $35,150,900 as of December 31, 2025 and continues to generate negative cash flows from its operations and expects to continue to generate negative cash flows from operations in the foreseeable future, however the Company expects that with the cash generated from the recent division sale plus other incoming cash related to the various post sale agreements is sufficient to fund operations of the Company for at least one year from the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025.

In order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need to decrease expenses or materially increase revenues, and/or secure additional external capital resources. Based on management’s current operating plan, the Company believes its cash on hand, including its investments, are sufficient to fund the Company's operations for a period of at least one year subsequent to the issuance of the accompanying consolidated financial statements. However, there is no assurance that management's current operating plan will be successful.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In connection with the preparation of our financial statements, we are required to make assumptions and estimates about future events and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the related disclosures. We base our assumptions, estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends and other factors that management believes to be relevant at the time our consolidated financial statements are prepared. On an ongoing basis, management reviews the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgments to ensure that our financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.

Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Management believes that the following accounting policies are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results, and they require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Management has reviewed these critical accounting estimates and related disclosures with the Audit Committee of our board of directors.

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Fair Value Estimates

Goodwill and Finite Lived Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets, Net

Goodwill –  Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill and long-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, “Intangibles- Goodwill and Other” (“ASC 350”). ASC 350 requires that goodwill be tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment) on an annual basis and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. Application of the goodwill impairment test requires judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assignment of assets and liabilities to reporting units, assignment of goodwill to reporting units, and determination of the fair value of each reporting unit.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had two reporting units, the Benchtop Laboratory Equipment Operations and the Bioprocessing Systems Operations. Goodwill is tested for impairment by reporting unit on an annual basis as of December 31, the last day of its fiscal year, and in the interim if events and circumstances indicate that goodwill may be impaired. The events and circumstances that are considered in the Company’s goodwill impairment testing include business climate and market conditions, legal factors, operating performance indicators and competition. Impairment of goodwill is first assessed using a qualitative approach.  If the qualitative assessment suggests that impairment is more likely than not, a quantitative analysis is performed.  The quantitative analysis involves a comparison of the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount.  The fair value is determined using the income approach, which utilizes the present value of expected future cash flows for each reporting unit based on estimated cash flows, the timing of these cash flows, and a discount rate based on a weighted average cost of capital. The assumptions used to estimate future cash flows and the development of forecasts used in the fair value determination were based on assumptions made using the best information available at the time, subject to inherent risk and judgement. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. To the extent additional information arises, market conditions change, or our strategies change, it is possible that the conclusion regarding whether our remaining goodwill is impaired could change and result in future goodwill impairment charges that will have a material effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company performed the annual goodwill impairment analysis. The Company elected to perform the qualitative analysis for the Benchtop Laboratory Equipment Operations reporting unit. These qualitative analyses evaluated factors, including, but not limited to, economic, market and industry conditions, cost factors and the overall financial performance of the reporting unit. In completing these assessments, the Company noted no changes in events or circumstances that indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024 there was $115,300 of goodwill pertaining to the Benchtop Laboratory Operations and $0 of goodwill on the Bioprocessing System reporting unit.

Intangible assets – Intangible assets consist primarily of acquired technology, customer relationships, non-compete agreements, patents, licenses, websites, intellectual property in-process research and development (“IPR&D”), trademarks and trade names. All intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally 3 to 10 years. The Company continually evaluates the remaining estimated useful lives of intangible assets that are being amortized to determine whether events or circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization. The Company reviews the recoverability of our finite-lived intangible assets and long-lived assets, when events or conditions occur that indicate a possible impairment exists. Determining whether impairment has occurred typically requires various estimates and assumptions, including determining which cash flows are directly related to the potentially impaired asset, the useful life over which cash flows will occur, their amount and the asset’s residual value, if any. The assessment for recoverability is based primarily on our ability to recover the carrying value of its long-lived and finite-lived intangible assets from expected future undiscounted net cash flows. If the total of expected future undiscounted net cash flows is less than the total carrying value of the assets the asset is deemed not to be recoverable and possibly impaired. We then estimate the fair value of the asset to determine whether an impairment loss should be recognized. An impairment loss will be recognized if an asset’s fair value is determined to be less than its carrying value. Fair value is determined by computing the expected future discounted cash flows. There was an impairment of $291,000 of intangible assets within the Bioprocessing segment for the year ended December 31, 2025 while the year ended December 31, 2024 had $0 impairments.

Table of Contents

Income tax

The Company and its subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return, and a tax return in Germany for Aquila. Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. The Company provides for federal, and state income taxes currently payable, as well as for those deferred due to timing differences between reporting income and expenses for financial statement purposes versus tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributed to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a change in income tax rates is recognized as income or expense in the period that includes the enactment date.

In accordance with ASC 740 “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), the Company evaluated the deferred tax assets to determine if valuation allowances are required or should be adjusted. ASC 740 requires that companies assess whether valuation allowances should be established against their deferred tax assets based on consideration of all available evidence, both positive and negative, using a “more likely than not” standard of whether the deferred tax assets will be realized. As of and for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company maintained a full valuation allowance of $12,928,000 and $9,839,400, respectively, against the consolidated net deferred tax assets as the Company determined the net deferred tax assets which includes net operating loss carry-forwards and other tax credits, are more likely not to be realized and therefore the Company recorded a full valuation allowance. If in the future the Company changes the determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, the Company will adjust the valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made.

ASC No. 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC No. 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, the Company did not have any unrecognized tax benefits related to various federal and state income tax matters.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. The Company does not have any accrued interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits. The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax, as well as various state jurisdictions. The Company is currently open to audit under the statute of limitations by the federal and state jurisdictions for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022 and after. The Company is currently open to audit under the statute of limitations by German tax authorities for the years ended December 31, 2020 and after. The Company does not anticipate any material amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months.

Inventories

Current and noncurrent inventories recorded other than those of Aquila, are valued at the lower of cost (determined on a first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value, and have been reduced by an allowance for excess and obsolete inventories. Inventories of Aquila are valued at the lower of cost (determined on a average cost method) or net realizable value and have been reduced by an allowance for excess and obsolete inventories. The Company’s inventory allowance is based on management’s estimates and reviews of inventories on hand compared to estimated future usage and sales.